起重机桥架的设计说明书

毕业论文（设计）论文（设计）题目：QD50/10t-28.5mA6双梁桥式起重机桥架部分的设计姓名学号院系机电工程学院专业机械设计制造及其自动化年级2012级指导教师康明川2014年5月20日目录摘要...................................................1ABSTRCT..................................................2第1章绪论.............................................31.1双梁桥式起重机的介绍................................31.1.1桥式起重机的用途及意义..........................31.2桥式起重机的发展....................................31.2.1桥式起重机功能的升级.............................3第2章金属结构主要轮廓尺寸的计算........................52.1大车轴距............................................52.1.1桥架尺寸的确定...................................52.2.主梁尺寸...........................................52.2.1主梁在跨度中部的高度.............................52.2.2端梁高度........................................52.2.3主梁端部变截面长.................................62.3主、端梁截面........................................62.4端梁截面尺寸的确定..................................72.4.1起重机的总质量...................................72.4.2由起重机设计手册得到数据........................82.4.3大起重量的起重机................................82.4.4端梁中部上下翼缘板宽度...........................82.4.5端梁与端梁支撑截面处的尺寸简图...................82.5主、端梁截面几何性质................................82.5.1截面尺寸........................................82.5.2端梁截面........................................92.5.3载荷组合........................................92.5.3.1主梁自重均匀载荷...............................92.5.3.2小车轮压......................................102.5.3.3动力效应系数..................................102.5.3.4惯性载荷......................................102.5.3.5偏斜运行侧向力................................112.5.4满载小车在主梁跨中央............................112.5.5满载小车在主梁左端极限位置......................12第3章梁主要承受的内力.................................133.1垂直载荷...........................................133.1.1垂直载荷的计算..................................133.1.2满载小车在跨中受力计算。........................143.1.3满载小车在跨端极限位置受力计算..................143.2水平载荷...........................................153.2.1水平惯性力载荷..................................153.2.2偏斜侧向力......................................163.3强度的计算.........................................173.3.1翼缘板上边缘与轨道接触点应力计算................183.3.2主梁跨度的切应力................................193.3.3主梁疲劳强度....................................193.4整体稳定性.........................................223.4.1整体稳定性......................................223.4.2局部稳定性......................................223.4.3加劲肋的确定：..................................24第4章端梁的计算.......................................264.1载荷与内力.........................................264.1.1垂直载荷.......................................264.1.2水平载荷.......................................274.2强度.............................................294.3端梁疲劳强度.......................................324.3.1弯板翼缘焊缝...................................324.3.2端梁中央拼接截面................................334.4稳定性.............................................354.5端梁拼接...........................................354.5.1内力及分配......................................354.5.2翼缘板拼接计算..................................374.5.3腹板的拼接计算..................................38第5章主梁和端梁的连接.................................40第6章刚度计算.........................................416.1桥架的垂直刚度.....................................416.2桥架的水平惯性位移.................................416.3垂直动刚度.........................................416.4水平动刚度.........................................42结论..................................................44参考文献................................................45致谢..................................................46新乡学院本科毕业论文（设计）1摘要本毕业设计是基于双梁桥式起重机的总体结构设计，起重机械在我国近年来得到了迅速的发展,因为有不可替代的重要作用,所以对我们改造大自然有很大的研究将价值。起重机械本就是一种循环、间歇运动,短程材料处理的机械。一个工作循环一般包括装载、运输、卸货和回到原位的过程,即从捡取设备,物料提升机提升,通过运行,变幅机构旋转或位移的材料在指定的地方放下,然后反向操作,请把设备回原位,为下一个工作循环准备。这两个工作循环之间通常有一个短暂的休息。起重机的工作,每个机构在经常交替起动、制动和正向和反向运动。许多组合的起重机搬运几百吨的重量。因此,你必须选择一些大型起重机如锅炉及厂房设备的吊装工作。通常采用大型起重机龙门起重机、门式起重机、塔式起重机、履带式起重机、汽车起重机和车间桥式起重机的设备。关键词：双梁;起重机;端梁;主梁新乡学院本科毕业论文（设计）2ABSTRCTThisgraduationdesignisbasedonthegeneralstructureofthedoublebeambridgecrane,hoistingmachineryhasdevelopedrapidlyinourcountry,becausethereisanirreplaceableimportantrole,soforustotransformnaturewillhavegreatresearchvalue.Liftingmachineryisakindofcirculation,intermittentmotion,short-rangematerialhandlingmachinery.Aworkcyclegenerallyincludesloading,transport,unloadingandreturnedtoinsituprocess,namelyfrompickinguptheequipment,materialhoist,byrunning,luffingmechanismrotatingordisplacementofthematerialinthedesignatedplacetoputdown,thenreverseoperation,pleaseputthedevicebackinplace,readytoworkforthenextcycle.Thetwousuallyhaveashortbreakbetweenworkcycle.Cranework,eachinstitutioninfrequentlychangethestarting,brakingandforwardandreversemotion.Manycombinationsofcranehandlinghundredsoftonsofweight.Therefore,youmustchoosesomelargecranehoistingworksuchasboilerandplantequipment.Usuallyadoptlargecranesgantrycrane,gantrycrane,towercrane,crawlercrane,truckcrane,bridgecraneequipmentandworkshop.Keywords：Doublebeam;Crane;Mainbeam;largebeam新乡学院本科毕业论文（设计）3第1章绪论1.1双梁桥式起重机的介绍1.1.1桥式起重机的用途及意义桥式起重机通用型双梁桥式箱起重机是两个箱形主梁和两个横向端