膝关节后交叉韧带断裂对内侧副韧带组织学的影响

中国组织工程研究2013,Vol.17Issue(2):280-285DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.02.017组织构建与生物力学膝关节后交叉韧带断裂对内侧副韧带组织学的影响Effectofposteriorcruciateligamentruptureonhistologicalfeaturesofmedialcollateralligament全文:PDF摘要背景：通过比较Ⅰ型胶原、Ⅲ型胶原相对数量和Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原的比值可以一定程度上判断韧带的组织学性能。目的：观察膝关节后交叉韧带断裂兔保持较低生理负荷和活动度时内侧副韧带组织学的变化。方法：24只成年雄性家兔双侧膝关节配对为自身对照，实验侧行后交叉韧带完全切断，对照侧只暴露后交叉韧带而不切断，造模后第8，16，24，40周随机处死6只实验兔。进行苏木精-伊红染色，天狼猩红染色检测Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型胶原的相对数量。结果与结论：①苏木精-伊红染色结果：8，16，24周两组内侧副韧带胶原分布、排列无明显差别；40周时实验组胶原纤维较对照组稀疏。②天狼猩红染色结果：8，16，24周实验组内侧副韧带的Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型胶原纤维总和分别较对照组显著增加(P0.05)；40周时实验组较对照组显著减少(P0.05)；8周实验组和对照组之间内侧副韧带的Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原纤维的比值差异无显著性意义(P0.05)；16，24，40周时实验组比值显著分别小于对照组(P0.05)。说明兔膝关节后交叉韧带损伤后短期内对内侧副韧带组织学特性无明显影响，随着时间延长，组织学特性显著下降。关键词：组织构建；组织构建与生物力学；膝关节；后交叉韧带；断裂；内侧副韧带；胶原纤维；组织学特征；韧带修复；组织构建图片文章；Abstract：BACKGROUND:BycomparingtherelativequantityoftypeⅠandIIIcollagensandtypeⅠ/Ⅲcollagenratio,wecandeterminetheligamenthistologyperformancetosomeextent.OBJECTIVE:Toexplorethehistologicaleffectofposteriorcruciateligamentinjuryonthemedialcollateralligamentunderalowerphysiologicalloadinrabbits.METHODS:Bilateralkneesof24malerabbitswereenrolledforaself-controltrial.Posteriorcruciateligamentsattheexperimentalsideweretransected,andthoseinthecontrolsidewereonlyexposedbutnottransected.Atthe8th,16th,24thand40thweeksaftermodeling,sixrabbitswereexecutedrandomly,andthenthehistologicalalterationofthemedialcollateralligamentwasobservedthroughhematoxylin-eosinstainingandpicrosirius-polarizationstaining.RESULTSANDCONCLUSION:(1)Hematoxylin-eosinstaining:Atthe8th,16thand24thweeks,therewasnoobviousdifferenceinthecollagendistributionandarrangementofthemedialcollateralligamentbetweenexperimentalgroupandcontrolgroup;atthe40thweek,thecollagenwasthinnerintheexperimentalgroup.(2)Picrosirius-polarizationstaining:Atthe8th,16thand24thweeks,thetotalnumberoftypeⅠandⅢcollagensinthemedialcollateralligamentoftheexperimentgroupwasmorethanthatinthecontrolgroup(P0.05);however,atthe40thweek,thetotalnumberoftypeIandIIIcollagensinthemedialcollateralligamentoftheexperimentalgroupwasmuchfewerthanthatofthecontrolgroup(P0.05);atthe8thweek,ratiooftypeⅠ/Ⅲcollageninthemedialcollateralligamentoftheexperimentalgroupdidnotdifferfromthatinthecontrolgroup(P0.05);however,atthe16th,24thand40thweeks,theratiooftypeⅠ/Ⅲcollagenintheexperimentalgroupwasmuchfewerthanthatinthecontrolgroup(P0.05).Inshort-term,posteriorcruciateligamentinjuryhasnosignificanteffectonhistologicalpropertiesoftherabbitmedialcollateralligament.However,thehistologicalpropertiescandecreasesignificantlywithtime.Keywords：tissueconstruction;tissueconstructionandbiomechanics;knee;posteriorcruciateligament;fracture;medialcollateralligament;collagenfibers;histologicalfeatures;ligamentrepair;tissueconstructionphotographs-containingpaper;收稿日期:2012-05-16研究亮点:1建立实验动物模型，后交叉韧带切断后膝关节未予固定，实验兔能自由活动，但由于饲养笼空间较小，膝关节活动范围有限，关节载荷一般为较低生理负荷。2通过组织学观察发现在短期内后交叉韧带断裂组的内侧副韧带胶原纤维的数量较完整组增加，但是Ⅰ型/Ⅲ型胶原纤维的比值与后交叉韧带完整动物存在差别。