英语课件知识点部分动词与动词时态部分

英突中——动词与动词时态第2页目录页考点一考点二考点三第3页过渡页考点一常考动词短语第4页正文动词与动词时态人生概述考点一1常考动词短语1．carefor/about喜欢，照顾(病人)2.catchupwith赶上；追上3．cheerup使振奋；使高兴起来4.closeto靠近5．comeon加油；快点6.comeout出来，出版，长出7．cometrue实现；达到8.comeupwith提出；想出9．fallasleep＝gotosleep入睡10.findout寻找；查找11．finishdoingsth.做完某事12.fixup修理13．getalong/onwith与……相处14.getback回来15．getoff下车16.geton上车17．getreadyfor为……准备18.getup起来第5页正文动词与动词时态人生概述考点一219．giveaway赠送20.givein屈服，让步21．giveout发出(气味、热等);分发22.giveup放弃；抛弃23．handin上交，交纳24.handout分发；发放25．hearabout/of听说26.hearfromsb.收到……的来信27．helponeselftosth.请随便吃点28.lookthrough浏览29．lookup查找30.lookover(医生)检查31．makefriendswith与……交友32.makemistakes犯错；出错33．makeprogress取得进步34.makeupone'smindtodo下决心35．mixup混淆，搅匀36.payfor付款常考动词短语第6页正文动词与动词时态人生概述考点一337．pickup捡起，开车去接……38.putaway整理，收起来39．puton穿上40.putout熄灭41．putup张贴、公布42.putoff推迟43．ringup打电话给44.runafter追，追赶45．runaway逃跑，失控46.runout(of)＝useup用完，耗尽47．tryon试穿48.setup建立，创立，开办49．stayup不去睡，熬夜50.turndown/up/on/off调小/调大/打开/关掉常考动词短语第7页正文名词课堂互动01互动一例题一()1.AfatherintheUKhas________awonderfulideatosendhiskidstoschoolontime.Hetakeshissonstotheirschoolinawhitetank(坦克)．A．lookeduptoB．madeupC．comeupwithD．shownup()2.Thedrivershaveto________thetrafficrulesandcontrolthemselvesiftheywanttobesafeontheroad.A．followB．breakC．makeD．against例题二AC第8页过渡页考点二动词的分类第9页考点二正文动词与动词时态动词的分类1(1)实义动词又称为行为动词，表示事物的动作和状态，在句中能独立作谓语。它又分为及物动词和不及物动词。及物动词后面可跟宾语，如like,see,watch,bring等。不及物动词后面不能直接接宾语，如happen,run,stand等。例如：IlikeEnglish.Iamreadinganinterestingbook.Heisrunning.Thestoryhappenedonarainynight.第10页考点二正文动词与动词时态2(2)连系动词又称为系动词，不能直接作谓语。常考的系动词有：be,become,get,turn,look,smell,sound,taste,feel,keep,seem,grow等。注意：系动词不能有被动语态，也不能用于进行时态。例如：Helookedveryexcited.Thefishsmeltdelicious.动词的分类第11页考点二正文动词与动词时态3形容词、副词的比较级、最高级的变化规则(3)助动词没有实际意义，只能和实义动词一起连用，在句中帮助提问和否定以及构成相应的时态和语态。常用的助动词有be,do,will,have等。例如：Howdoyougotoschool?Hehaslivedhereforthreeyears.动词的分类第12页考点二正文动词与动词时态4形容词、副词的比较级、最高级的变化规则(4)情态动词表示讲话人的态度、请求、愿望、可能等。本身具有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，且后面必须跟动词原形。常用的情态动词有：may,can,must,should,need,haveto等。动词的分类第13页正文名词课堂互动01互动一例题一例题二AA()1.—Jack,________yourideabike?—Yes,Ican.A．canB．mayC．needD．must()2.Readingalargenumberofbooks________makeuswiser.Themoreweread,themoreweknow.A．canB．wouldC．needD．must第14页过渡页考点三动词的时态第15页考点三正文动词与动词时态(1)一般现在时1动词的时态用法表示习惯性或经常性发生的动作或状态，也可表示普遍真理和自然规律。标志词often,usually,sometimes,always,seldom,everyday,twiceaweek,howoften肯定式①主＋动词原形②主＋动词(s/es)(主语是第三人称单数)③主＋am/is/are＋表语①Theyoftenrideabiketoschool.②Heusuallywalkstoschool.③I'maboy.否定式①主＋don't＋动词原形②主＋doesn't＋动词原形(主语是第三人称单数)③主＋amnot/isn't/aren't＋表语①Theydon'toftenrideabiketoschool.②Hedoesn'tusuallywalktoschool.③Heisnotastudent.疑问式①Do＋主＋动词原形？②Does＋主＋动词原形？(主语是第三人称单数)③Am/Is/Are＋主＋表语？①Dotheyoftenrideabiketoschool?②Doesheusuallywalktoschool?③Areyoufree？第16页考点三正文动词与动词时态(2)一般过去时2动词的时态用法表示过去习惯性或经常性发生的动作或状态。标志词yesterday,lastweek,ago,justnow,in＋过去的年份，theotherday,thismorning肯定式①主＋动词过去式(ed)②主＋was/were＋表语①Wesawafilmlastnight.②Shewasalittlegirl3yeasago.否定式①主＋didn't＋动词原形②主＋wasn't/weren't＋表语①Wedidn'tseeafilmlastnight.②Iwasn'tatschoolyesterday.疑问式①Did＋主＋动词原形？②Was/Were＋主＋表语？①Didyouseeafilmlastnight?②WereyouOK？第17页考点三正文动词与动词时态(3)一般将来时3动词的时态用法表示将要发生的动作或状态。标志词tomorrow,fromnowon,nextyear,thisevening,tonight,inthefuture,soon,in＋一段时间，howsoon第一种will/shall＋动词原形(shall一般用于第一人称的疑问句，表建议)—Shallwegotothemovies?—Goodidea！肯定式主＋will/shall＋动词原形Iwillhelpyou.否定式主＋won't＋动词原形Shewon'tcome.疑问式Will＋主＋动词原形？Willyouhelpus？第二种begoingto＋动词原形(强调计划或打算要做的事)WearegoingtohaveanEnglishpartythisSaturday.第18页考点三正文动词与动词时态注意：①短暂性动词的现在进行时表将来。常用词有come,go,arrive,leave等。例如：Thebusiscoming.HeisleavingforShanghaitomorrow.②在when,until,if,assoonas,before,after,unless等引导的时间或条件状语从句中，从句要用一般现在时表将来。例如：IwillcometoseeyouifIhavetimethisSunday.Youwon‘tpasstheexamunlessyoustudyharder.4动词的时态第19页考点三正文动词与动词时态(4)现在进行时5动词的时态用法表示现在正在进行或发生的动作和状态。标志词now,look,listen,atthemoment,bequiet,keepsilent,allthetime,thesedays,atpresent肯定式主＋be(am/is/are)＋动词ingI'mlisteningtomusic.否定式主＋amnot/isn't/aren't＋动词ingSheisn'treadingbooks.疑问式Am/Is/Are＋主＋动词ing？Areyouplayinggames？第20页考点三正文动词与动词时态(5)过去进行时6动词的时态用法表示过去某个时候正在进行或发生的动作和状态。标志词then,atthattime,atthistimeyesterday,ateightlastnight,when,while肯定式主＋be(was/were)＋动词ingHewaslisteningtotheradiowhenhismothercameback.否定式主＋wasn't/weren't＋动词ingHewasnotlisteningtotheradiothen.疑问式Was/Were＋主＋动词ing？Washelisteningtotheradio？第21页考点三正文动词与动词时态(6)现在完成时7动词的时态用法表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，或者对现在造成的影响。标志词for,since,ever,never,just,before,already,yet,inthepast/last…years,sofar,twice肯定式主＋have/has＋动词的过去分词Ihavefinishedmyhomework.否定式主＋haven't/hasn't＋动词的过去分词Ihaven'tfinishedmywork.疑问式Have/Has＋主＋动词的过去分词？Haveyoufinishedyourwork？第22页考点三正文动词与动词时态注意：①for,sincefor＋一段时间。例如：Ihaveworkedhereforayear.since＋时间点/句子。例如：Ihaveworkedheresinceayearago/since2009.IhaveworkedheresinceIcameherelastyear.Itis＋一段时间＋since＋句子(一般过去时)。例如：It'sayearsinceIworkedhere.动词的时态8第23页考点三正文动词与动词时态②already,yetalready已经(用于肯定句，放句中)。例如：Ihavealreadyreadthebook.yet还(用于否定句和疑问句，放句尾)。例如：Ihaven'treadthebookyet.动词的时态9第24页考点三正文动词与动词时态③have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto,have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeento曾经去过某地(已返回)have/hasgoneto去了某地(还没回)have/hasbeenin＋一段时间去或来到……(一直待在那儿)