英语语音教程

1音节（Syllables）英语中一个元音构成一个音节，一个元音加上一个或一个以上的辅音也只构成一个音节。如：I/ai/,it/it/,,bite/bait/,thrift/θrift/2重读音节Stressedsyllables单音节词都有一个重读音节，但不标出重音符号。双音节或多音节词有一个音节的元音比其它音节的元音长而响亮，这个长而响亮的音节称为重读音节.有些多音节词中除了主重音（PrimaryStress），还可以有次重音（SecondaryStress)。重音符号表在重读音节的左上角，次重音符号标在左下角。我们用“—”表示重读元音，用“.”表示弱读元音，这样把单词中音的长度、响亮度和音调高低用图解表示出来。3英语单词重音可遵循以下规律：1)双音节词作为名词，重音在第一个音节；作为动词，重音在第二个音节。•名词动词’Record['rekɔːd]re’cord[ri'kɔ:d;]’Object['ɔbdʒikt]ob’ject[əb'dʒekt]2)复合名词重音一般在第一个音节上’Blackboard’Handbag’Bookstore’classroom复合动词重音一般在第二个音节上Short’changell-’treat3)有些复合词有双重重音’Arm’chair’kind’hearted’four-’footed’Second-’handed4)少数复合词重音在第二音节What’everwho’everyour’selfthrough’out英语音标发音表英语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。国际音标（英语语音）元音单元音前元音[i:][i][e][æ]中元音[ʌ][ə:][ə]后元音[u:][u][ɔ:][ɔ][a:]双元音开合双元音[ei][ai][ɔi][əu][au]集中双元音[iə][εə][uə]辅音爆破音清辅音[p][t][k]浊辅音[b][d][g]摩擦音清辅音[f][s][ʃ][θ][h]浊辅音[v][z][ʒ][ð]破擦音清辅音[tʃ][tr][ts]浊辅音[dʒ][dr][dz]鼻音（浊辅音）[m][n][ŋ]舌则音（浊辅音）[l][r]半元音（浊辅音）[w][j]英语发音器官图英国英语辅音表发音部位发音方式双唇唇齿齿齿龈齿龈硬腭舌前硬腭软颚声门舌前齿龈爆破音清Ptk浊bdg摩擦音清fθsʃh浊vðzʒr破擦音清tʃ浊dʒ鼻音浊mnŋ舌侧音浊l半元音浊wj规则动词过去式加“ed”后的发音规则规则动词过去式加“ed”后的发音规则在浊辅音和元音后面[d]Calledborrowedmoved[mu:vd]enjoyedWelcomedanswered在清辅音后面[t]askedfinishedhelped[helpt]passed[pa:st]reached在[t]音后面[id]wanted['wCntid]started['sta:tid][d]音后面[id]needed['ni:did]counted['kauntid]0补充说明：规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成，具体变化有：1.直接在词尾加-ed。如:want—wanted,work—worked,need—needed,clean—cleaned2.以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如：like—liked,live—lived,use—used,move—moved3.以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop—stopped,trip—tripped4.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-ed。如：study—studied,carry—carried,hurry—hurried,marry—married第一课/i:/bee[bi:]please[pli:z]teacher[ti:tʃə]meet[mi:t]meat[mi:t]seat[si:t]sweet[swi:t]leaf[li:f]tea[ti:]1Pleasehaveaseat.2Pleasemakeyourselfathome.3Eatmorefish,lessmeat.Fishisbetterforyourhealth.4Seeingisbelieving.Idon'tbelievewhatIhear.IonlybelievewhatIsee.5I'mproudtobeChinese.I'mproudtobeaninternationalChinese./I/ticket[‘tikit]build[bild]difficult[‘dɪfɪkəlt]sit[sɪt]sister[‘sɪsɪtə]give[ɡɪv]busy[‘bɪzɪ]1I'mfinished.It'sverygood.Itwasdelicious.2Thefoodhereisterrific.Iloveit.It'soutofthisworld.3I'vejustfinishedreadingthisbook.It'sverygood.4Pleasegivemeaminute.Letmethinkaboutthis.5It'snotverydifficult.It'sveryeasy.6It'salittlebittoobig./e/welcome[‘welkəm]bed[bed]red[red]west[west]best[best]friend[frend]hello[he’ləu]everyone[‘evriwʌn]1Breakfastisready,eatitbeforeit'sgetcold.2Whenwillitbeready?3Let'sgettogethersoon.4Well,Let'sgeteverythingready.5Everydayandineveryway,everythingisgettingbetterandbetter.6Betterlatethannever.7Bettertodowellthantosaywell.8Eastorwest,homeisthebest./æ/apple[‘æpl]cat[kæt]hat[hæt]cat[kæt]bad[bæd]happy[‘hæpi]have[hæv]family[‘fæmili]1That'sfantastic.That'sabsolutelyfantastic.２Whathappened?Whyareyousomad?3Ihaveahappyfamily.Myfamiliesarealwaystalkingandlaughing4Ihavetocallyouback.I'mbusynow.5Ican'tstandyourbadhabits.6Everymomentinlifematters.Liveinamoment.7What'syouractionplan?8GrabeverychancetopracticeyourEnglish.Practiceistheonlysecrettosuccess.第二课[ʌ]bus[bʌs]money[‘mʌni]cup[kʌp]shut[ʃʌt]dust[dʌst]1What'sup?Nothingmuch.2Hurryup!3I'mcoming.Don'trushme.4Howcanyoueatsomuch,that'sdisgusting.5Isendmyparentssomemoneyonceamonth.6Enoughisenough.Justshutup.7IstudyEnglishjustforfun.Ihavenopressure.[ə:]/ɜ:/girl[ɡə:l]perfect[‘pə:fikt]birthday[‘bə:θdei]first[fə:st]bird[bə:d]work[wə:k]word[wə:d]world[wə:ld]early[‘ə:li]1Mytoothreallyhurts.Mywholemouthhurts.Ihavetogotothedentist.2I'mleavingnow.Ihavetoworkearlytomorrow.3Wordsarenotforhurtingotherpeople.Wordsareforencouragingotherpeople.4Confidentpeoplenevergethurt.Theylearnfromeverything.5Thesituationisgettingworseandworse.Idon'tknowwhattodo.Canyouhelpme?6Youcanalwaysturntomeforhelp.I'malwayshereforyou.7That'saperfectsolution.I’msureit'llwork.8Firstcome,firstserve.9Theearlybirdscatchtheworm.10Abirdinahandisworthtwointhebush.[ə]doctor[‘dɔktə]America[ə’merikə]possible[‘pɔsəbl]brother[‘brʌðə]mother[’mʌðə]sister[‘sistə]about[ə‘baut]China[’tʃainə]１Sorrytobotheryou,butIhaveaquestion.2Mymotherisadoctor,andmyfatherisateacher.WealllearnEnglishtogether.3Ihopetheweatherwouldgetbetter.I’msickofthiswetweather.4Betterlucknexttime.5Icanneverremembergrammarrules;sentencesareabetterwaytolearngrammar.6Neverstoptrying,nevergiveup.Neversayimpossibletoyourself!7Wouldyoupleasedomeafavor?Canyouteachmehowtopronouncethisword?8Idiscoveredanothergreatrestaurantnearmyhouse.第三课[u:]food[fu:d]fruit[fru:t]too/tu:/rude/ru:d/soon/su:n/room/ru:m/blue/blu:/1.That'scool.Ireallylikeyourschool.2.Wehavesomethingreallycooltoshowyou.3.Whatkindoffooddoyoulike?Spicyfoodorseafood?4.I'llbebacksoon.Pleasewaitforafewminutes.5.Don'tlosetheopportunity.6.Thatnewsseemsfartoogoodtobetrue.7.It'sourdutytoreducepollutionandprotectourenvironment.8.Ifeelsoblue;Idon'tknowwhattodo.[u]foot[fʊt]book[bʊk]cook[kʊk]put[pʊt]push[pʊʃ]pull[pʊl]look[lʊk]good[ɡʊd]1.HowdoIlook?DoIlookgood?2.YoupushandI'llpull.Justbecareful.3.Weshouldstudy.Weshouldn'twasteourtime.4.Sheisgood-lookingwoman.Shealsohasagoodpersonality.5.I'dliketobookatablefortwotonight.6.Couldyoutakealookatthisforme?7.D