考研英语1994-2008真题解析

考研英语一阅读真题解析和全文翻译（1994－2008）+英语二真题祝大家考研必过!2008Text1Whilestillcatching-uptomeninsomespheresofmodernlife,womenappeartobewayaheadinatleastoneundesirablecategory.“Womenareparticularlysusceptibletodevelopingdepressionandanxietydisordersinresponsetostresscomparedtomen,”accordingtoDr.Yehuda,chiefpsychiatristatNewYork’sVeteran’sAdministrationHospital.①Studiesofbothanimalsandhumanshaveshownthatsexhormonessomehowaffectthestressresponse,causingfemalesunderstresstoproducemoreofthetriggerchemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.②Inseveralofthestudies,whenstressed-outfemaleratshadtheirovaries(thefemalereproductiveorgans)removed,theirchemicalresponsesbecameequaltothoseofthemales.③Addingtoawoman’sincreaseddoseofstresschemicals,areherincreased“opportunities”forstress.“It’snotnecessarilythatwomendon’tcopeaswell.It’sjustthattheyhavesomuchmoretocopewith,”saysDr.Yehuda.“Theircapacityfortoleratingstressmayevenbegreaterthanmen’s,”sheobserves,“it’sjustthatthey’redealingwithsomanymorethingsthattheybecomewornoutfromitmorevisiblyandsooner.”Dr.Yehudanotesanotherdifferencebetweenthesexes.“Ithinkthatthekindsofthingsthatwomenareexposedtotendtobeinmoreofachronicorrepeatednature.Mengotowarandareexposedtocombatstress.Menareexposedtomoreactsofrandomphysicalviolence.④Thekindsofinterpersonalviolencethatwomenareexposedtotendtobeindomesticsituations,by,unfortunately,parentsorotherfamilymembers,andtheytendnottobeone-shotdeals.Thewear-and-tearthatcomesfromtheselongerrelationshipscanbequitedevastating.”AdelineAlvarezmarriedat18andgavebirthtoason,butwasdeterminedtofinishcollege.“Istruggledalottogetthecollegedegree.Iwaslivinginsomuchfrustrationthatthatwasmyescape,togotoschool,andgetaheadanddobetter.”Later,hermarriageendedandshebecameasinglemother.“It’sthehardestthingtotakecareofateenager,haveajob,paytherent,paythecarpayment,andpaythedebt.Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck.”NoteveryoneexperiencesthekindsofseverechronicstressesAlvarezdescribes.Butmostwomentodayarecopingwithalotofobligations,withfewbreaks,andfeelingthestrain.⑤Alvarez’sexperiencedemonstratestheimportanceoffindingwaystodiffusestressbeforeitthreatensyourhealthandyourabilitytofunction.21.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?[A]Womenarebiologicallymorevulnerabletostress.[B]Womenarestillsufferingmuchstresscausedbymen.[C]Womenaremoreexperiencedthanmenincopingwithstress.[D]Menandwomenshowdifferentinclinationswhenfacedwithstress.22.Dr.Yehuda’sresearchsuggeststhatwomen[A]needextradosesofchemicalstohandlestress.[B]havelimitedcapacityfortoleratingstress.[C]aremorecapableofavoidingstress.[D]areexposedtomorestress.23.AccordingtoParagraph4,thestresswomenconfronttendstobe[A]domesticandtemporary.[B]irregularandviolent.[C]durableandfrequent.[D]trivialandrandom.24.Thesentence“Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck.”(Line6,Para.5)showsthat[A]Alvarezcaredaboutnothingbutmakingmoney.[B]Alvarez’ssalarybarelycoveredherhouseholdexpenses.[C]Alvarezgotpaychecksfromdifferentjobs.[D]Alvarezpaidpracticallyeverythingbycheck.25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?[A]StrainofStress:NoWayOut?[B]ResponsestoStress:GenderDifference[C]StressAnalysis:WhatChemicalsSay[D]GenderInequality:WomenUnderStress【核心词汇】sphere[sfiə]n.球,球面,球体,天体,地球仪,范围vt.包围,使成球体,放入球内【例】Manycountrieshavedifficultiesintheeconomicsphere.许多国家在经济方面遇到了困难。category['kætigəri]n.种类,类项;【例】TheseCategoriesrecognizedifferentlevelsofcompetition.这些类别可被用来分辨出比赛里不同的等级。susceptible[sə'septəbl]a.易受影响的,易感动的,容许…的【例】Thisagreementisnotsusceptibletoalteration.这一协议不容更改。psychiatrist[sai'kaiətrist]n.精神病医师,精神病学家【例】Thepsychiatristgavetestimonythat…精神病医生有证言说……trigger['trigə]n.触发器,板机,制滑机vt.触发,发射,引起vi.松开板柄【例】Theodouroffoodmaybeatriggerforman'sappetite.食物的香味能引起人的食欲。capacity[kə'pæsiti]n.容量,能力,才能,资格n.容量,资格,地位,职位【例】Thisroomhasaseatingcapacityof100people.这个房间可容纳一百人。expose[iks'pəuz]vt.使暴露,受到;使曝光;揭露,揭发【例】Youshouldn'texposethesoldierstounnecessaryrisks.你不应该让士兵们冒不必要的危险。random['rændəm]n.随意,任意a.任意的,随便的,胡乱的,随机的ad.胡乱地domestic[də'mestik]a.家里的,家庭的;本国的,国内的;驯养的【例】Themeetingconcernsbothforeignanddomesticpolicies.会议关系到国内外政策。devastatingadj．破坏性的【例】Asmoulderingcigarettecankindleadevastatingbushfire.闷燃着的香烟会引起毁灭性的林区大火。struggle['strʌgl]n.斗争,战斗;挣扎,努力vi.挣扎斗争,奋斗【例】Theystayedawakeintheirstruggleagainstterrorists.在与反恐怖分子的斗争中他们始终保持警惕。frustration[frʌs'treiʃən]n.打破,挫折,顿挫【例】actionsexpressiveoffrustration.表达受挫的行动paycheck['peitʃek]n.付薪水的支票;薪津;租金【例】Thebossdockedhispaycheck$20.老板从他的工资中扣去20美元。obligation['ɔbli'geiʃən]n.义务,职责,责任;契约,债务【例】Hefeelsapriorobligationtohisjobasajournalist.他觉得要优先为他的新闻记者的工作尽职。【难句解析】1.Studiesofbothanimalsandhumanshaveshownthatsexhormonessomehowaffectthestressresponse,causingfemalesunderstresstoproducemoreofthetriggerchemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.【译文】对于动物和人类的研究都显示出性激素会在某种程度去影响面对压力的反应，导致在同样的条件下，女性产生更多的致病化学物质。【解析】这句话的主语是Studies，ofbothanimalsandhumans是定语，修饰主语。haveshown是谓语，that后是宾语从句，sexhormones是宾语从句中的主语，affect是宾语从句中的谓语，thestressresponse是宾语从句中的宾语，causingfemalesunderstresstoproducemoreofthetriggerchemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.是宾语从句中的状语从句。2.Inseveralofthestudies,whenstre