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阳光家教网全国最大家教平台找家教上阳光家教网英语四级考试三层突破之完形填空完形填空——核心考点之语境词汇1.语境把握语境线索是指上下文明示或暗示的信息、逻辑关系及语义关系。做这类题重要的是在选择答案前认真通读上下文,不能只关注选择空项所在的句子。对以下三种语境的把握有助于选出正确答案。(1)答案在选择空项上文之中。因此,做这类题时,要“瞻前”。【真题】AnearthquakehitKashmironOct.8,2005.Ittooksome75,000lives,67130,000andleftnearly3.5millionwithoutfood,jobsorhomes.(2007.6)67.AinjuredBruinedCdestroyedDdamaged【分析】根据题意,空格前为死亡人数,Ittooksome75,000lives的意思是“地震造成了七万五千人死亡”;空格后为失业和无家可归的人数,因此根据文章的语境,空格处应是“受伤”一词,所以injured为正确答案。(2)答案在选择空项下文之中。因此,做这类题时,要“顾后”。【真题】Buttoday,thousandsofpeoplecometogreenbuildingconferences,andthe72thatbuildingscanbegoodforpeopleandtheenvironmentwillbeincreasinglyinfluentialinyearstocome.(2006.6)72.ApracticeBoutlookCideaDscheme【分析】本题中that为关键词,其后的句子为同位语从句,且整句话表达了观点,所以选idea。(3)答案在选择空项的上文和下文中都能找到。因此,做这类题时,要“瞻前顾后”。【真题】72Whilemini-carsandluxuryforeignbrandsarestillpopular,everythinginbetweenis73.Lastyearsalesfell6.7percent,7.6percent74ifyoudon’tcountthemini-carmarket.(2009.06)73AsurgingBstretchingCslippingDshaking【分析】上文“While”和“still”表示转折,暗示选择空项需要与上文的“popular”形成对比;考生继续向下读,根据下文中介绍去年的销售额下降6.7%和7.6%,可以判断此空也涉及销售额的下降问题,故选C项slipping“下跌,减退,滑倒”,其他选项均为干扰项。2.词汇的复现关系词汇的复现关系指的是某一词以原词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词、概括词或其他形式重复出现在语篇中,语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到了相互衔接。可分为以下四类:原词复现、同义词或近义词复现、反义词复现和同源词复现。针对这一部分习题,作者总结了常见的核心近义词和易混形近词。(1)原词复现有时为了表达的需求,在上下文中有同一概念词出现,可借此信息选出答案。【真题】Thesmokers______alot.Infact,thenon-smokerswhomustbreathetheairpollutedbytobaccosmokemaysuffermorethanthesmokersthemselves.(1991)A.sufferB.endureC.tolerateD.bear阳光家教网全国最大家教平台找家教上阳光家教网【分析】以上两个分句是对应的。第一个分句所缺的动词可以由第二个分句中的动词,即“suffer”来推测,前后动词一致,答案应该是A。(2)同义词或近义词复现同义词复现是指相同或相近的单词在原文中反复出现,以达到文章衔接的目的。在完型填空试题中,就可以利用这种衔接方式找到要填入单词的同义词或者近义词,也就找到了试题的答案。这也包括了同源词复现,即相同词根构成的不同词性的单词在文章中反复出现。【例题】Wisebuyingisapositivewayinwhichyoucanmakeyourmoneygofurther.Thewayyougoaboutanarticleoraservicecanactually...A.readingB.purchasingC.browsingD.borrowing【分析】要填入的单词purchasing是第一句buying的同义词复现。【例题】TheresearcherexaminedthedeadbodiesofthepeoplewhodevelopSARS.The_____isveryimportant.A.testB.quizC.matriculationD.examination【分析】要填入的单词examination是第一个句子谓语动词examine的同源词复现。(3)反义词复现反义词复现是指和前文中词义相反的单词在原文中出现,以达到文章衔接的目的。【例题】Forcingyourselftorecall(almost)neverhelpsbecauseitdoesn'tyourmemory;itonlytightensit.A.loosenB.weakenC.decreaseD.reduce【分析】前后两部分互为解释,一为肯定,一为否定,为反义复现。从下文的tighten可以判断,上文应该是选loosen。3.词汇的共现关系词汇的共现关系是指词汇共同出现的倾向性。即在一定的语篇中,围绕一定的主题的词汇可能同时出现,这种词的共现关系与语篇题材关系密切。据此我们可以删除掉一些与语篇主题无关的选项,重点放在与主题相关的选项上。【真题】Forexample,therhythm,pitch,and83ofmusichasbeenshowntoinfluencebehaviorsuchasthe18oftimespentinsupermarket…(2007.12)83.A.stepB.speedC.bandD.volume【分析】and连接并列成分,所填词需与rhythm“节奏”和pitch“音调”形成语义共现,用来描述music。四个选项中只有D项volume“音量”符合。第二部分完形填空——真题评析与提高2009年12月四级完形真题Olderpeoplemustbegivenmorechancestolearniftheyaretocontributetosocietyratherthanbeafinancialburden,accordingtoanewstudyonpopulationpublishedrecently.Thecurrentapproachwhich67onyoungerpeopleandonskillsforemploymentisnot68tomeetthechallengeofdemographic(人口结构的)change,itsays.Only1%oftheeducationbudgetis69spentontheoldestofthepopulation.The70includethefactthatmostpeoplecanexpecttospendathirdoftheirlivesin71,thattherearenowmorepeopleover59thanunder16and11.3millionpeopleare72statepensionage.“73needstocontinuethroughoutlife.Ourhistoricconcentrationofpolicyattentionandresources74youngpeoplecannotmeetthenew75”saysthereport’sauthor.ProfessorStephen.Themajor76ofoureducationbudgetisspentonpeoplebelowtheageof25.77peoplearechangingtheirjobs,78,partnersandlifestylesmoreoftenthan79,theyneedopportunitiesto阳光家教网全国最大家教平台找家教上阳光家教网learnateveryage80.somepeoplearestartingnewcareersintheir50sandlater.Peopleneedopportunitiestomakea“midlifereview”to81tothelaterstageofemployedlifeandtoplanforthetransition(过渡)82retirement,whichmaynowhappen83atanypointfrom50toover90,saysMcNair.Andthereshouldbemoremoney84tosupportpeopleinestablishinga85ofidentityandfindingconstructive86forthe“thirdage”,the20ormoreyearstheywillspendinhealthyretiredlife.67.A)operatesB)focusesC)countsD)depends68.A)superiorB)regularC)essentialD)adequate69.A)currentlyB)barelyC)anxiouslyD)heavily70.A)regulationsB)obstaclesC)challengesD)guidelines71.A)enjoymentB)retirementC)stabilityD)inability72.A)overB)afterC)acrossD)beside73.A)IndentifyingB)LearningC)InstructingD)Practicing74.A)atB)byC)inD)on75.A)desiresB)realmsC)needsD)intentions76.A)measureB)ratioC)areaD)portion77.A)WhenB)UntilC)WhetherD)Before78.A)neighborsB)moodsC)homesD)minds79.A)ageB)everC)previouslyD)formerly80.A)ForexampleB)BycontrasC)InparticularD)Onaverage81.A)transformB)yieldC)adjustD)suit82.A)withinB)fromC)beyondD)to83.A)unfairlyB)unpredictablyC)instantlyD)indirectly84.A)reliableB)considerableC)availableD)feasible85.A)senseB)conscienceC)projectD)definition86.A)ranksB)assetsC)idealsD)roles【解题步骤】(一)速读全文,把握大意,粗选答案。1.速读全文,首先判断本次完形填空属于论说文体,首段没有空格,它往往就是文章的中心,它体现的观点往往决定了全文的观点。从本文首段可以看出作者重点论述对于年纪大一些的人的教育和再学习的问题。又根据每一段首句提供的信息,可以判断本文的主题为教育。阐述了教育对于每个阶段的人的重要性和终身学习的意义。2.顺手牵羊,粗选答案。75.在四个选项中,meetthenewneed表示“满足新的需要”,desire愿望,欲望;realm界,领域,范围;intention意图,意向,目的。均不能与meet搭配。所以只有B项正确。76.在四个选项中,与educationbuget只有portion,所以此句的主语构成“教育预算的大部分”。【语境词汇题】79.moreoftenthanev
本文标题:英语四级考试三层突破之完形填空
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