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英语时间状语从句总结时间状语从句(由when,while,as,before,after,not…until,assoonas引导)1.when和while:when后可接非延续性动词,while后则不能1)Tomwastakingabath,thetelephonerang.2)thetelephonerang,Tomwastakingabath3)Wewerepreparingforthefoodtheywereflyingkites.延续性动词:do,work,learn,walk,wait,keep,watch,read,sleep,love,stay.非延续性动词:open,close,begin,finish,come,go,borrow,lend,buy,sell,arrive,leave,tell,hear,ring,knock,die2.注意主将从现规则:when,assoonas,until,before,after1)He(call)usassoonashe(arrive)inBeijingtomorrow.2)He(notgo)tobeduntilhisfather(come)backtonight.3)Sheisgoingtobeadancerwhenshe(grow)up.4)Pleaseclosethedoorbeforeyou(leave)at9:00.3.用when,while,until,after,before,assoonas填空1)Iwaswalkingnearmyhousetheaccidenthappened.2)Iwasdoingmyhomeworkmyfatherwasreadingbooks.3)HeknewnothingaboutitItoldhim.4)Whatareyougoingtobeyoufinishschool?5)Pleasethinkoverthequestioncarefullyyouanswerit.6)Willyoupleasetellmehecomes?•状语从句是副词性从句,其句法功能是修饰谓语或整个句子等,在句中作状语,通常由从属连词引导。•九大状语从句:时间、条件、比较、结果、原因、目的、让步、方式、地点状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有:while,when,as,assoonas,till,until,not…until,before,after,since,etc.时间状语从句引导词1)when,while,as①三者均可表示“当……的时候”,如果主句表示的是短暂的动作,而从句表示的是一段时间,三者可通用。如:ImetKangLias/when/whileIwaswalkingalongthestreet.②as和when都可与终止性动词连用,while只能与延续性动词连用。如:Itwassnowingwhenwegottotheairport.(不能用while)③as强调主句与从句表示的动作同时发生;while强调主句表示的动作持续于while所指的整个时间内;when可指主、从句所述动作同时或先后发生。如:Hesangashewentalong.PleasewritewhileIread.Whenhereachedhome,hehadalittlerest.2)before,afterbefore表示主句发生的动作发生在从句动作之前,意为“在……之前”。after表示主句发生的动作发生在从句动作之后,意为“在……之后”。如:TheyhadalreadyhadbreakfastbeforetheywenttoschoolTheytalkedaboutthepartyafterthepeopleleft.3)until,till•until和till在肯定句中表示“直到……为止”,主句要用延续性动词;•在否定句中,表示“直到……才”,主句常用终止性动词,这时till和until可用before替换。Iwaitedtill/untilhearrived.Iwillwaituntilhecomes.Wewon'tstartuntil/till/beforeBobcomes.4)assoonas表示主句发生的动作发生在从句动作之后,意为“一…就…”。如果主句是一般将来时,情态动词加动词原形或祈使句时,时间状语从句用一般现在时。如:MybrotherwentoutassoonasIgothome.I'llphoneyouassoonasIarriveinTonghua.5)since:表示“自从…以来”,从句中常用过去时,主句用一般现在时或现在完成时.(对since引导的时间状语提问要用howlong).如:WherehaveyoubeensinceIsawyoulast?时间状语从句时态)主句一般将来时,从句用一般现在时(特别是用assoonas引导从句时):Theboywillbeawriterwhenhegrowsup.I’llringyouupassoonasIgettoNewYork.2)主句含有情态动词,从句用一般现在时:Whenthelightsarered,thetrafficmuststop.3)主句为祈使句时,从句用一般现在时:Pleasedon’tgotobedbeforeyoufinishyourhomework.4)主句为一般过去时,从句也用过去时态:IlikedreadingwhenIwasyoung.时间状语从句难点①until(till)直到,在用until表达时间状语的句子中,主句中的动词是要十分小心去选择。如动词是持续性动词,它要用肯定句,如:Istudiedharduntil12o'clocklastnight.如果动词是瞬间截止性动词,则要用否定句,如:Hedidn'tgotobeduntilhismothercameback②主将从现:•主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,如:Ifitrains,theywon’tgototheparkonSunday•主句是一般过去时,从句用过去将来时,如:Hesaidifitrainedthenextdayhewouldnotgotothepark•区别是if/when引导是状语从句还是宾语从句,因在宾语从句中该用什么时态用什么时态。如:Iwanttoknowifhewillcomehere.Ifhecomes,pleaseletmeknow.如:Idon’tknowwhenhewillcome.Whenhecomes,Iwilltellyou.2.条件状语从句1)引导条件状语从句的连词有if(如果)、unless(除非)等,条件状语从句也像时间状语从句一样,如果主句用将来时,从句要用现在时代替将来时。如:Whatshallwedoifitsnowstomorrow?Don’tleavethebuildingunlessItellyouto.2)unless在意义上相当于if...not。Youwillfailunlessyoustudyhard.=Youwillfailifyoudon'tstudyhard.3)“祈使句+and(or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。其中,and表示句意顺承;or表示转折,意为“否则”。例如:Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llbelate.Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.4)用介词with,without可以把条件状语从句改写成简单句:Ifthereisnowater,thefishmaydie.=Fishmaydiewithoutwater.Ifyouhelpme,I’llfinishmytaskontime.=Withyourhelp,I’llfinishmytaskontime.3.比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由as…as,比较级+than…等连词引导,比较连词前后的结构要一致。例如:TomrunsfasterthanJohndoes.Thisclassroomisasbigasthatone.1)表示甲与乙在某一方面相同时,用“as+原级+as”句型;表示甲在某一方面不如乙时,用“notas/so+原级+as”句型。如:DalianisasbeautifulasShenzhen.Idon'trunas/sofastasKangLi.2)表示甲超过或不及乙时,用“比较级+从句”(从句中常省略意义与主句相同的部分)。Herunsfasterthanyou(do).Todayislesscoldthanyesterday.3)要注意的是表示越来越这一概念时有两个句型:①比较级+and+比较级,如:ThedaysaregettinglongerandlongerThelittlegirlisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful②定冠词the+比较级+the+比较级,如:Theharderyoustudy,themoreyoucanlearn4.结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由so…that,such…that,sothat引导。常用句型有:so+形容词/副词+that从句sucha/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句such+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that从句so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句例如:HespokesofastthatIcouldn'tfollowhim.Hetoldussuchfunnystoriesthatwealllaughed.Heissopoorthathecan’tbuyabikeforhisson.Sheissuchagoodteacherthateverybodylikesher.Mypencilfellunderthedesk,sothatIcouldn’tseeit.(2)如果名词前由many,much,little,few等词修饰时,只能用so,不用such。如:Soonthereweresomanydeerthattheyateupallthewildroses.Hehassolittletimethathecan’tgotothecinemawithyou.(3)so…that和such...that在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中,so是副词,与形容词连用。其结构是:“...so+形容词(副词)+that+从句”。例如:Hewassogladthathecouldn’tsayaword.Thehallissobigthatitcanhold2,000people.Motherlivessofarawaythatwehardlyeverseeher.在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中,such是形容词,它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词,也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词,也可不带。如果是单数可数名词,前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如:Itwassuchahotdaythatnobodywantedtodoanything.Hehadsuchlongarmsthathecouldalmosttouchtheceiling.Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathedidverywellinthemid-term.有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如:Itwassuchawonderfulfilmthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.=Thefilmwassowonderfulthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.Itissuchanimportantmatchthatnobodywantstomissit.=Thematchissoimportantthatnobo
本文标题:英语知识点总结
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