英语课堂笔记15

http//:．violencen.暴力；强烈violentadj.暴力的；强烈的1)PreschoolchildrensuffermostfromTVviolence.(学龄前儿童受暴力电视节目的危害最深。)2)Peopleinthatcountryhatedthekingtothemarrowasheruledthecountrywithviolence.(那个国家的人民对国王恨之入骨，因为他用暴力进行统治。)3）Heflungopenthedoorwithviolence.(他用劲地猛然把门打开。)4）Theviolentblowsenthimdownonhisknees.(那猛烈的一击使他跪倒在地。)5）Thedoctortoldhimnottodoanyviolentexercise.(医生嘱咐他不要进行剧烈运动。)2．exposuren.暴露；揭露；曝光exposev.暴露；使曝光；使遭受；使处于…影响之下；展出1）Toomuchexposuretosunlightwillburnyourskin.(过度晒太阳会晒伤皮肤。)2）Theexposureofcorruptionbythemediacaughttheattentionofthepublic.(传媒对腐败的揭露引起了公众的注意。)3）Sheconcealedthesecretfromherparents,fearingtheexposurewouldstunthem.(她对父母隐瞒了这个秘密，担心秘密暴露会令父母震惊。)4）Howmanyexposureshaveyoumade?(你拍了几张照片？)5）Hisshirtwasopen,exposingthetattooonhischest.(他的衬衣敞开了，露出了刺在胸部的文身。)6）Hisfatnessexposedhimtoalotofjokingattheoffice.(他长得肥胖，因此http//:在办公室常受取笑。)7）Hewasexposedtomusicwhenhewasachild.(他自幼受音乐薰陶。)8）Parentsshouldexposetheirchildrentogoodbooks.(父母应让孩子们读好书。)9）Heisgoingtoexposeallhiscollectionsattheauction.(他打算拍卖时把收藏品全部陈列出来。)3．allocatev.分配；把…拨给；把…划归allocationn.分配；划拨的款项1）Somedoctorsandteacherswillbeallocatedtothevillagerstohelpthepeoplethere.(一些医生和教师将被派往那些村子帮助那儿的人们。)2）Theyweredissatisfiedwiththewayresourceswereallocated.(他们对资源分配的方式不满意。)3）Onethirdofthemoneyhasbeenallocatedtothepublicservices.(三分之一的经费已拨给了公用事业。)4）Theysaidtheallocationofseatswasunfair.(他们说席位的分配不公平。)5）Hehasa$5000allocationtocovertheexpenses.(他有一笔5000美元的拨款以应付各项支出。)4.significantlyadv.considerably(相当数量地)；meaningfully(有意义地)significantadj.important，meaningful(意义重大的)marked，considerable(不必忽略的；相当数量的)significancen.consequence(意义；影响)implication(含义)1）Theiropinionsdon'tdiffersignificantlyfromeachother.(他们俩的看法没有明显差别。)2）Hesaidtoussignificantlythateducationoftheyouthwouldbevitaltothefutureofacountry.(他意味深长地对我们说年轻人的教育对于一个国家的未来至关重要。)3）July4isasignificantdateforAmericans.(对美国人来说七月四日是一个http//:意义重大的日子。)4）Therehasbeenasignificantincreaseinjuvenulecrimeinrecentyears.(近年来，青少年犯罪活动有了相当大的增加。)5）Thisisaneventofgreatsignificance.(这是一个非常重大的事件。)6）Itisnecessarytoattachgreatsignificancetoenvironmentalprotection.（重视环境保护是必要的。）5．perprep.每一，每1）Heearns$3000permonth.(他每月挣3000美元。)2）Wedroveatthespeedof70milesperhour.(我们以每小时70英里的速度行驶。)3）Takethemedicine3timesperday.(这药每日服三次。)4）Theyspentmorethan20millionpoundsperyear.(他们每年花费两千万英镑。)6．givenprep.considering(考虑到)1）Giventheirinexperience,theyhavedoneagoodjob.(考虑到他们缺乏经验，这工作他们做得不错。)2）Givenhisage,theoldmanisingoodcondition.(考虑到老人的年龄，他的身体状况很不错了。)3）Givenmyinterestinoilpainting,thisisthebestplacetostudy.(考虑到我对油画的兴趣，这是学习的最好地方。)4）Itseemsunreasonabletosendhimaway,giventhatheisdoingquitewell.(考虑到他的工作干得很不错，把他解雇是不合理的。)7．adoptv.takeup(采取)；accept(收养)；officiallypass(正式通过)1）Idon'tknowifIshouldadoptapositiveattitudetowardsthewholehappening.(我不知道我是否应该对整个事件采取积极态度。)2）Theircountryadoptedpresscensorship.(他们国家采取了新闻检查制度。)3）Theyadoptedanorphanastheyhadnochildoftheirown.(他们自己没孩子，所以收养了一个孤儿。)http//:）Theboywashappyasanythingwhenhisparentsdecidedtoadoptapuppy.(当爸爸妈妈决定收养一条小狗时，那个男孩高兴极了。)5）Congressadoptedthenewmeasures.(国会通过了新措施。)6）TheNationalCongressadoptedthegovernmentreport.(全国人大通过了政府工作报告。)请注意区别adopt和adaptadaptvi.adjust(调节；改变…以适应)vt.revise(校准；调整；改编)1）Hehadtoadapthimselftothenewcondition.(他不得不使自己适应新的情况。)2）Mr.Wangcouldnotadapthimselftothenewclimate.(王先生不能适应新的气候。)3）Heisadaptingthenovelfortelevision.(他正把那部小说改编为电视剧。)8．distinguishv.separate(区别，辨别)；identify(认出)1）Youhavetodistinguishfactsfromrumoursifyouwanttoformacorrectopinion.(如果想有一个正确的观点，你得分辨事实和传闻。)2）Hewasdistinguishedfromotherboysbyhisheight.(他的身高显出他与其它男孩的不同。)3）Somechildrenwereunabletodistinguishbetweenthelettersbandp.(有些孩子不能分辨字母b和p。)9．fantasyn.想像；幻想1）Heisalwayshavingfantasiesaboutbecomingrich.(他总是抱着发财的幻想。)2）Toasmallchild,fantasyandrealityareveryclosetoeachother.(对幼儿来说，幻想和现实靠得很近。)请注意区别fancy，fantasy，imaginationfancy和fantasy多指无事实依据的凭空想像。Fancy的内容多是虚构的，幻想的；fantasy的内容更是荒诞古怪的。http//:的想像多依据所见所闻或现实内容一般是合理的。1）Shewentwhereverthefancytookher.(她随兴致所至想去哪里就去哪里。)2）Thesefantasiesaresometimesverydangeroustoschoolchildren.(对学龄儿童来说这些古怪念头是很危险的。)3）Poets,artistsandinventorsneedimagination.(诗人，艺术家和发明家都需要想像力。)10．underlyingadj.在下面的；根本的；潜在的1）Thereareunderlyingsimilaritiesbetweenallhumanbeings.(人与人之间有着潜在的相似之处。)2）Theunderlyingthemeofthenovelisveryserious.(这本小说的潜在主题是极其严肃的。)3）Canyouunderstandtheunderlyingmeaningofwhathesaid?(你能理解他所说的话的含义吗？)4）Theunderlyingstructureofthisbuildingisnodoubtveryfirm.(这座楼的底层结构无疑是牢固的。)11．motiven.reason,purpose(动机，目的)1）Greedwashisonlymotiveforreceivingbribery.(贪婪是他受贿的唯一原因。)2）Hismotiveincomingwasawishtoachievemutualunderstanding.(他来的动机是想达成相互理解。)3）Thelittleboyopenedhissister'smailthroughmotivesofcuriosity.(那个小男孩出于好奇打开了姐姐的邮件。)4）Youshouldquestionhismotivebeforeyouapprovehisconduct.(在你赞同他的所作所为之前应该先质询他的动机。)12．subtletyn.delicacy；sensitivity微妙之处，细微之处；敏锐subtleadj.隐约的；微妙的1）Nobodynoticedthesubtletyofhisremarks.(没有人听出他话中的微妙含义。)2）Theycansenseeachother'sintentionswithgreatsubtlety.（他们能敏锐地感http//:觉到彼此的意图。）3）Itisdifficult