练习八卦掌对心脏功能的影响

1练习八卦掌对心脏功能影响的调查研究ASurveyontheInfluenceofPracticingEightDiagramsPalmonHeartFunction作者:刘栋Author:LiuDong八卦掌是中国武术中著名的内家拳法，身心兼修的它以其卓越的品质，得到各个阶层习练者的喜爱。本文就八卦掌本身具有的特殊拳理、练习形式，以首都体育学院研究生班和武术套路专项班学生为研究对象，对基础八掌练习过程中第一掌到第八掌每变换一掌的心率指数加以统计、分析、对比研究，旨在通过观察“心率”——这一在实践中易被人们测量的指标,研究八卦掌的运动时间、运动量及健身效果；通过对练习八卦掌的老师和有关专家进行访谈，并结合相关文献资料和调查结果，综合阐述练习八卦对人体心脏健康的影响，以期为更科学地进行八卦掌拳术的锻炼，提供一些相关的依据。EightdiagramspalmisafamousfoxingwithinthefamilyinChinesemartialarts.Itisrefinedphysicallyandmentally,andwiththisdistinguishedquality,itislovedbypracticersofdifferentcircles.Intermsofthespecialboxingtheoryandpracticeofeightdiagramspalm,thisthesistakesstudentsfromthepostgraduateclassofCapitalInstituteofPhysicalEducationandstudentsfromthespecialclassonmartialartsroutineasresearchobjects,carriesoutstatistics,analysisandacomparativestudyontheheartrateindexthatoccursinthevariationofthe8palms.Theaimistostudytheexercisetime,amountofexerciseandbodybuildingeffectbyobserving“heartrate”——anindexwhichiseasytobemeasuredinpractice;byinterviewingteacherspracticingeightdiagramspalmandrelevantexperts,andcombinedwithrelevantdocumentsandfindings,theauthorhasacomprehensiveexplanationontheinfluenceofpracticingeightdiagramsonthehealthofhumanheartsoastooffersomerelevantreferencetoscientificpracticingofeightdiagramspalm.研究对象与方法ResearchObjectsandmethods研究对象Researchobjects首都体育学院研究生班10人和武术套路专项班20名同学为实验对象，年龄在19～25岁。运动年限为：专项班均为4～10年，研究生班均为0～1年。10studentsfromthepostgraduateclassofCapitalInstituteofPhysicalEducationand20studentsfromthespecialclassonmartialartsroutine;age:from19to25.Practicingterm:thespecialclassisfrom4to10years,andthepostgraduateclassiswithin1year.2研究方法文献资料法、访谈法、实验法。ResearchMethodLiteraturedatamethod,interviewingmethodandexperimentalmethod实验内容：测试练习八卦掌“基础八掌”过程中每一名受试者在从第一掌到第八掌的心率指数的变化，并记录分析将研究生班与套路专项班、安静时的平均心率、练习八卦掌运动中的第四掌的平均心率和运动后恢复期的平均心率加以比较。分析不同的心率数据并得出结论。TheContentsofExperiment:Intheprocessofpracticingthe“basic8palms”ofeightdiagramspalm,measurethevariationofeveryobject’sheartrateindexchangingfromthefirstpalmtotheeighthpalm,recordandanalyze;comparethepostgraduateclassandthespecialclassintermsoftheaverageheartrateinresting,theaverageheartratewhenpracticingthefourthpalmaswellastheaverageheartrateintherecoveryphaseafterpractice.Byanalyzingdifferentheartratedata,cometoaconclusion.实验器材与场地使用polar表进行心率测试。八卦掌练习均在武术专用训练场地进行。ExperimentalEquipmentandSitePolarwatchisusedtomeasuretheheartrate.Eightdiagramspalmispracticedinthespecifiedtrainingfield.实验要求由首都体育学院武术教研室孟涛老师带领研究生班和武术套路专项班，共30名同学分别进行每周三次课的八卦掌练习，每节课时长90分钟。其练习的内容是八卦掌“基础八掌”的练习。基础八掌是在走圈前提下以单势动作进行练习的，走转圆圈的直径为3.5米，每一掌左右各走转5圈、完成整套基础八掌动作所走圈数为80圈、完成时间约为40分钟。连续练习两周后,保证30名学生能基本掌握基础八掌的动作要领、练习方法、并遵循八卦掌特殊拳理的基础上，使用polar表对受试者进行心率测量。ExperimentalRequirementsMengTao,ateacherfrommartialartteachingandresearchofficeofCapitalInstituteofPhysicalEducation,leads30studentsfromthepostgraduateclassandthespecialclassofmartialartsroutinetopracticeeightdiagramspalmthreetimesaweek,with90minuteseverytime.Thepracticecontentisthe“basic8palms”,whichispracticedwithsinglemovementunderthepremiseofcirclewalking.Thediameterofthecircleis3.5meters,andforeverypalm,5circlestotheleftandfivecirclestotherightshouldbewalked.Thetotalnumberofcompletingthewholebasic8palmsis80circlesandthetotaltimeis40minutes.Afterpracticingfortwoweeks,itmakessurethat30studentscanbasicallygrasp3theactiontipsandpracticemethodsandbasedonthespecialboxingtheoryofeightdiagramspalm,polarwatchisusedtomeasuretheheartrateoftheresearchobjects.数据统计法:对实验数据进行归类整理，运用计算机EXCEL程序统计工具进行分类、使用SPSS统计软件对数据进行分析及验证。DataStatisticsMethod:Theexperimentaldataisclassified,andEXCELisusedtoclassifydata,andSPSSisusedtoanalyzeandverifythedata.八卦掌运动是以掌为主，以走为先，身随掌转，步随身行。其运动路线是沿着八卦图线循环往复、不停走转，迈步时脚面绷直,脚底与地面平行，前涌似趟水，落地似踩泥，平稳而有力。练掌时要双目平视、提项直颈、舌抵上腭，含胸裹背、沉肩坠肘、坐腰溜臀。行走中抽腰顺胯、合膝掩裆、十趾抓地、犹如壁虎、落地生根，以摆扣步子来变换方向，两脚不能原地拧转，以及外动其形、内动其神，身法、步法、掌法相互配合，拧肩调臂,拧裹钻翻，腰为主宰。还要做到心气沉静、动中有静乃真静，静极生动，其动神速。Eightdiagramspalmmainlycentersonthepalm,andwalkingisputfirstandthebodygoeswiththepalmandthestepsgowiththebody.Themovementroutemovesincirclesalongtheeightdiagrams.Whentakingastep,thesurfaceoffeetshouldbestretchedtightandthesoleshouldparallelwiththeground.Theforerunningislikegettingintowater,andtouchingthegroundisliketramplingthemud,steadyandforceful.Whenpracticingpalms,eyesshouldfocusonthefronthorizontally,theneckshouldbekeptstraight,thetongueshouldreachthepalate,thechestshouldberelaxed,theshouldershouldbekeptdown,andthebuttockshouldberestrained.Inmovement,waistshouldbeledtofollowthehip,kneesshouldbecombinedtocoverthecrotch;thetoesshouldgrabthefloorlikegeckosdeepdowntotheearth,anddirectionsarechangedbymovingsteps.Thetwofeetcan’ttwistonsite.Thebodyshouldbemovedphysicallyandspiritually;bodymovement,footworkandpalmsshouldcooperatewitheachother;theshouldershouldbetwistedandthearmsshouldbeadjusted;duringthewholeprocess,waistisdominant.Besides,practicersshouldkeepcalm.Calmnessinmovementisthetruecalmness,theextremecalmnesswillleadtomovement,whichismarvelouslyquick.道家医理认为“精从足底生”。常言道:“人老先从腿上老”，一个人的健康与两腿两足有着密切的关系。八卦掌恰恰是以走为先，其运动规律就是围绕一个中心不停地走转，主要以足、腿、腰的运动为主，能使足三阳经、足