语言学教程-选择题

选择题Chapter11.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?A.Languageisameansofvocalcommunication.B.Languageisnotinstrumental.C.Languageissocialandconventional.【答案】B1.Whenlanguageisusedtogetinformationfromothers,itservesanfunction.A.informativeB.directiveC.interrogative【答案】C2.Themostimportantsociologicaluseoflanguageisthefunction,bywhichpeopleestablishandmaintaintheirstatusinasociety.a.performativeb.interpersonalc.phaticd.metalingual【答案】b1.dealswiththewayinwhichspeechsoundsareproduced.a.Acousticphoneticsb.Articulatoryphoneticsc.Segmentalphonologyd.Suprasegmentalphonology【答案】b2.Whichofthefollowingisamainbranchoflinguistics?A.Macrolinguistics.B.Psycholinguistics.C.Sociolinguistics【答案】A3.Thestudyofphysicalpropertiesofthesoundsproducedinspeechiscloselyconnectedwith.A.articulatoryphoneticsB.acousticphoneticsC.auditoryphonetics【答案】B1.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotbelongtothecomputationallinguistics?a)machinetranslationb)corpuslinguisticsc)speechrecognitiond)empiricalstudy【答案】d1.Saussuretooka(n)viewoflanguage,whileChomskylooksatlanguagefromapointofview.A.sociological...psychologicalB.psychological...sociologicalC.applied...pragmaticD.semantic...linguistic【答案】A2.AccordingtoF.deSaussure,referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunity.A.paroleB.performanceC.langueD.Language【答案】CChapter21.Oftheconsonants/p/,/t/,/k/,/f/,/m/,/z/and/g/,whichhasthefeaturesofvoicelessandvelar?A./k/B./p/C./g/D./t/【答案】A2.Thevowelisalowbackvowel.a./i:/b./u/c./æ/d./a:/【答案】d3.Pointoutwhichitemdoesnotfallunderthesamecategoryastherest,andexplainthereasoninONEsentence.A./f/B./z/C./v/D./k/[Focusonmannerofarticulation]【答案】D(Reason:A,BandCarefricatives,butDisaplosive.)Chapter31.Whichtwotermscanbestdescribethefollowingpairsofwords:table—tables,day+break—daybreak.A.inflectionandcompoundB.compoundandderivationC.inflectionandderivation【答案】A2.Compoundwordsconsistofmorphemes.A.boundB.freeC.bothboundandfree【答案】B1.Vocabularychangeinlanguagecanincludeallexcept.a)additionofnewwordsb)simplificationofwordformsc)lossofwordsd)changesofwordmeaning【答案】d2.Wordslikebrunch,guesstimateareexamplesof.a.acronymsb.contractionsc.blendsd.cohyponyms【答案】c3.ThewordUNisformedinthewayof.A.acronymyB.clippingC.initialismD.blending【答案】C4.Languagehasbeenchanging,butsuchchangesarenotsoobviousatalllinguisticaspectsexceptthatof.a.phonologyb.lexiconc.syntaxd.semantics【答案】b5.“Wife”,whichusedtorefertoanywoman,standsfor“amarriedwoman”inmodernEnglish.Thisphenomenonisknownas.A.semanticshiftB.semanticbroadeningC.semanticelevationD.semanticnarrowing【答案】DChapter41.________refertotherelationshipthatlinguisticunitshavewithotherunitsbecausetheymayoccurtogetherinasentence.a.Syntagmaticrelationsb.Hypotacticrelationsc.Paradigmaticrelationsd.Paratacticrelations【答案】a2._____________referstotherelationholdingbetweenelementsreplaceablewitheachotheratparticularplaceinstructure,orbetweenoneelementpresentandtheothersabsent.a.Syntagmaticrelationb.Paradigmaticrelationc.Co-occurrencerelation【答案】B1.Forstructuralists,________isonewhosedistributionisfunctionallyequivalenttothatofoneormoreofitsconstituents.a.coordinateconstructionb.subordinateconstructionc.endocentricconstructiond.exocentricconstruction【答案】c2.ICistheshortformofimmediate___________usedinthestudyofsyntax.【答案】constituent3.Endocentricconstructionsmaybedividedintotwosubtypes—s______andcoordinateconstructions.【答案】subordinateChapter51.dealswiththerelationshipbetweenthelinguisticelementandthenon-linguisticworldexperience.A.ReferenceB.ConceptC.SemanticsD.Sense【答案】A2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinG.Leech’sseventypesofmeaning?A.Connotativemeaning.B.Denotativemeaning.C.Conceptualmeaning.【答案】B1.pointoutwhichitemdoesnotfallunderthesamecategoryastherestandexplainthereasoninONEsentence.A.school/collegeB.move/runC.furniture/tableD.mature/ripe【答案】C(Reason:thetwowordsinChaveasemanticrelationshipofHyponymy,whiletheothersSynonymy.)2.Birdandcuckoohavethesenserelationofhyponymy.Whichofthefollowingpairsofwordshasthesamesenserelation?A.VowelandconsonantB.MouthandtongueC.LexiconandwordD.Numberandgender【答案】B1.Thesenserelationshipbetween“Johnplaysthepiano”and“Johnplaysamusicalinstrument”is.A.synonymyB.antonymyC.entailment【答案】CChapter91.“formal”and“informal”arefeaturesof.A.slangB.linguafrancaC.styleD.jargon【答案】C2.Thepartoflinguisticsthatstudiesthelanguageofliteratureiscalled.Itfocusesonthestudyoflinguisticfeaturesrelatedtoliterarystyle.【答案】stylistics1.isafigurativeuseoflanguagewhichimpliesacomparisonbetweentwounlikeelements.a.Simileb.Metaphorc.Metonymyd.Synecdoche【答案】b