精读教案3-28

课次3-28课程名称商务英语精读授课教师授课班级商务英语10-301授课日期本次课题LectureThreeWordFormation(3)CompoundingandMinorWordFormation教学目的和技能要求1.TolearnCompoundingandMinorWordFormation2.Totrainthereadingandwritingability教学设计:重点：CompoundingandMinorWordFormation难点：Howtousethekeypoints德育BylearningIntensiveReading,totrainthestudents’interestoflearningExtensiveReading;totrainrigorous,realisticspiritandthebestqualityofconstantlyenterprising,blazingthenewtrails.教学方法:讲授法（主要）授课方式：理论课和习题课教学内容摘要:A.1.CompoundingandMinorWordFormation2.RelativeexercisesB.归纳小结：TosumupthislearningcontentandthesituationinattendingalectureC.练习TocheckupwhileinclassD.辅导答疑：CollectiveorindividualforquestionsandanswersE.1.布置本节课作业：Torecitecompounding2.布置下次课预习要求TopreviewLessonEight参考资料《实用英语语法》主编张道真教学后记大庆职业学院备课用纸第页TheMainTeachingProcessandArrangementStepⅠWarming-up新课引入A.【复习】a.Bycheckingupassignmentsb.ByhavingadictationonapassagePleaselookattheReferenceBookonP165B.【设问并导入新课】ToasksomequestionssoastointroducewhatwearegoingtolearninthisperiodStepⅡPresentationCompoundingA.Definition:合成词是由两个或更多的词合成一个词，之间由连字符“-”连接，或者不用连字符而直接合一起。Eg.face-to-face,handwritingB.Kinds:a.合成形容词,多数用作定语,有些也可用作表语b.合成名词，可以用作主语、宾语等c.合成动词,作谓语d.合成副词,大多用作状语eg.1.Theywereout-and-outpoliticalswindlers.(定语)他们是地地道道的政治骗子。2.Whattheyneedisadown-to-earthspirit.他们需要的是求实精神。.(定语)3.AlltheseplantswereChinese-designed.所有这些厂都是我国自行设计的。(表语)4.Sightseeingtookupthewholemorning.游览观光占去了整个上午。（主语）5.Wewalkedtillwereachedthecross-roads.我们一直走到十字路口。（宾语）6.Everyonemustkeepasharplookoutforthissign.大家都要密切注意这个标记。（宾语）7.Itwillbeair-droppedtonight.这个将于今晚空投下去。（谓语）8.Shegreetedthemwarm-heartedly.她热情地和他们打招呼。（状语）C.Formation:a.CompoundAdjective20’35’构成方式例词形容词+名词+ednoble-minded高尚的good-tempered脾气好的形容词+现在分词good-looking好看的fine-sounding动听的副词+现在分词hard-working勤劳的far-reaching深远的名词+现在分词peace-loving热爱和平的epoch-making划时代的名词+过去分词state-owned国营的heartfelt由衷的副词+过去分词well-known著名的widespread广泛流传的形容词+名词large-scale大规模的high-class高级的名词+形容词duty-free免税的airsick晕飞机的动词+副词broken-down破旧不堪的see-through透明的副词+名词off-campus校园外的out-door户外的另外还有一些其他方式构成的合成形容词，如：1.over-all(plan)总的（计划）2.ever-victorious常胜的3.all-round全面的4.per-mu(yield)每亩（产量）5.ready-made现成的6.everyday日常的7.first-rate第一流的8.face-to-face面对面的9.happy-go-lucky无忧无虑的10.out-and-out彻头彻尾的b.CompoundNoun合成名词常见的构成方法如下：构成方式例词名词+名词Bankaccount银行帐户bloodtest验血形容词+名词double-dealer两面派shorthand速记动名词+名词waiting-room候车室sleeping-pills安眠药动词+名词pickpocket扒手break-water防水堤名词+动名词handwriting书法sun-bathing日光浴动词+副词get-together联欢会break-through突破副词+动词downfall垮台outbreak爆发另外还有一些其他方式或三个词构成的合成名词，如：1.well-being福利2.go-between中间人3.good-for-nothing无用之人4.touch-me-not凤仙花5.commander-in-chief总司令6.by-product副产品c.CompoundVerb构成方式例词名词+动词eavesdrop偷听sleep-walk梦游副词+动词overthrow推翻undergo经历形容词+动词white-wash粉刷blacklist列入黑名单另外还有一些其他方式构成的合成动词1.blow-dry吹干2.court-martial军法审判3.deep-fry炸4.dillydally浪费时间d.CompoundAdverbEg.1.forever2.whole-heartedly3.moreover4.neverthelessD.Pronunciationa.双音节合成词，重音多在第一音节上：eg.1.'black,board（但black'board）2.'hot,house(但hot'house)b.少数合成词重音在第二音节上：eg.1.,knee-'deep,2.first-'rate3.back-'firec.三音节或多音节词则有种种情况：eg.1.'lighthouse-,keeper2.vice-'chancellor,3.country(-)'house,4.'countrymand.有个别合成词，重音会因场合而变化，以保持句子节奏：eg.1.Theroomis,down'stairs.(但a'down,stairs'room)2.Hisworkis,first'class.(但his'first,class'work)3.goover'seas（但,overseas'students）E.Notesa.在构成合成词时，是否加连字号，是一个麻烦问题。有的需加连字号，如word-formation,letter-writing,boat-ride,有时不加连字号，如：washingmachine,dancehall,bookreview,有时甚至连写，如：handwriting,haircut,input。有时不同字典会有不同处理法，总的说来美国英语中连字号比英国英语用得少。比较现实的办法是注意观察和多查字典。由三个以上词构成的合成词一般都加连字号，如astate-of-the-artaircraftdesign（最新式的飞机设计）。b.有一种词，前后两部分声音很近似，称为叠声词（Reduplicatives）：eg.1.zigzag弯弯曲曲（形）2.chit-chat闲聊（名）3.walkie-talkie步话器（名）4.dillydally磨蹭，耗费时间（动）5.wish-washy淡而无味，空洞无物（形）6.shilly-shally犹犹豫豫（动）7.hotch-potch大杂烩（名）8.higgledy-piggledy乱七八糟（形，副）9.criss-cross纵横交错（形）10.fiddle-faddle胡闹（动）11.helter-skelter慌乱地（副）12.tittle-tattle说是生非（动）13.goody-goody假正人君子（名，形）14.tip-top极好的（形）c.合成词数量是很大的。有时一个名词可以构成许多合成词。以hand为例，就可构成：handbag手提包handball手球hand-borrow手推车handbill传单handbook手册handcart手推车handcuffs手铐handgrenade手榴弹hand-made手工做的handmaid使女handout施舍物handorgan手摇风琴hand-picked精选的handpump手压泵handshake握手handkerchief手绢handwriting书法handvote举手表决又如water一词，构成的合成词就更多了：waterbird水鸟water-bottle水壶water-cart运水车water-cooled水冷式water-cooler水冷器water-closet厕所water-cure水疗法waterfall瀑布water-faucet水龙头water-filter滤水器waterfowl水禽watergate水闸water-level水位water-lily睡莲water-logged受涝watermelon西瓜waterpipe水管waterpolo水球water-power水力waterproof防水的waterpress水压watershed分水岭water-supply给水water-table地下水位watertight点水不漏water-tower水塔water-waggon运水车waterway航道water-wheel水车waterworks自来水厂这样的合成词详细一些的词典是会收入的。还有一些合成词是词典中查不到的，是由作者或说话人根据情况临时造的，如：1.Somepeopleadoptedawait-and-seepolicyatthebeginning.开始时有些人采取了观望态度。2.Withyournothing-can-be-doneattitude,youcan'thopetoaccomplishanything.抱这种“无法可想”的态度，就什么也干不成。StepⅢMinorWordFormationA.截短法有一种构词法可以称作“截短法(Clippling)”或“缩短法(shortening)”.主要有下面两种情况：a.截头：1.telephone–phone2.violincello-cello3.aeroplane–plane4.helicopter-copter5.omnibus–bus6.bicycle-cycleb.去尾：1.advertisement–ad2.exposition-expo3.gentlemen's–gents4.publichouse-pub5.professor–prof6.stereophonic-s