石墨烯的制备与研究进展

学号11055113哈尔滨学院学士学位论文石墨烯的制备及应用研究进展院（系）名称：理学院专业名称：化学学生姓名：刘洋指导教师：田玫哈尔滨学院2015年6月学号11055113密级公开你石墨烯的制备及应用研究进展Studyprogressofpreparationandapplicationsofgraphene学生姓名：刘洋所在学院：理学院所在专业：化学指导教师：田玫职称：教授所在单位：哈尔滨学院论文提交日期：2015年5月29日论文答辩日期：2015年6月17日学位授予单位：哈尔滨学院哈尔滨学院本科生学士学术论文学生承诺书承诺书本人刘洋，哈尔滨学院理学院化学专11-1班学生，学号：11055113。本人郑重承诺：本人撰写的毕业论文《石墨烯的制备及应用研究进展》，是个人的研究成果，数据来源真实可靠，无剽窃行为。承诺人：2015年月日石墨烯的制备及应用研究进展I目录摘要.......................................................................................................................................IIABSTRACT............................................................................................................................III第1章石墨烯概述.................................................................................................................1第2章石墨烯的制备方法.....................................................................................................32.1微机械剥离法..............................................................................................................32.2气相或液相直接剥离法..............................................................................................42.3化学气相沉积法........................................................................................................52.4晶体外延生长法.........................................................................................................52.5氧化还原法.................................................................................................................62.5.1金属还原............................................................................................................62.5.2有机还原剂还原................................................................................................62.5.3绿色还原剂的还原............................................................................................7第3章石墨烯的应用.............................................................................................................83.1新型光量子器件..........................................................................................................83.2分散技术......................................................................................................................83.3导电储能......................................................................................................................93.4化学电源......................................................................................................................93.5高分子化学................................................................................................................103.6催化载体.....................................................................................................................113.6.1石墨烯负载Ir..................................................................................................113.6.2石墨烯负载Pd.................................................................................................113.7复合材料.....................................................................................................................11第4章展望.......................................................................................................................13参考文献.................................................................................................................................14致谢...................................................................................................................................16哈尔滨学院学士学位论文II摘要因为石墨烯是一种由碳原子紧密堆积构成的二维晶体，二维石墨烯只有一个碳原子厚度的单层碳材料，它是目前最薄的材料，是由类似苯环的六边形的结构连接而成的，它具有超强的力学强度、高透光率、高热导率和高比表面积等优异的性能，所以石墨烯引起人们的广泛关注与普遍研究。本文主要综述了石墨烯的结构特性及重要的制备方法，其中包括物理方法(微机械剥离法、液相或气相直接剥离法)与化学法(化学气相沉积法、晶体外延生长法、氧化还原法)。并且分析比较了各种方法的优点与缺点，本文总结了石墨烯的应用包括导电储能、化学电源、高分子化学、催化载体、和复合材料等诸多领域的应用，并且对石墨烯在未来的发展进行了展望。关键词：石墨烯；制备；应用；展望石墨烯的制备及应用研究进展IIIABSTRACTBecauseofgraphenehasstrongmechanicalstrength,highlighttransmittance,highheatconductivityandhighspecificsurfacearea,excellentperformance,itisacomposedofcarbonatomstightlypackedtwo-dimensionalcrystal,two-dimensionalgrapheneisonlyonecarbonatomthicknessofsingle-layercarbonmaterial,isbyfarthemostthinmaterial,issimilartoabenzeneringcanbeconnectedwiththehexagonalstructure,sothegraphenearousedpeople'swideattentionandresearchgenerally.Thisarticlemainlysummarizesthestructuralcharacteristicsofgrapheneandimportantpreparationmethods,includingphysicalmethod(micromechanicalstrippingmethod,liquidorgasphasedirectlystrippingmethod)withchemicalmethod,chemicalvapordepositionmethod,crystalepitaxialgrowthmethod,oxidation-reductionmethod.Andcomparingtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofvariousmethods,includingREDOXprocesspreparationofgrapheneisthemostpromisingmethod,thispapersummarizestheapplicationsofgrapheneincludeconductingenergystorage,chemicalpowersupply,highpolymerchemistry,catalystcarrier,andtheapplicationofcompositematerials,andmanyotherfields,andthedevelopmentofgrapheneinthefuturewasprospected.Keywords:Graphene;Preparation;Application;Lookingforwardto第1章石墨烯概述1第1章石墨烯概述石墨烯是一种由碳原子紧密堆积构成的二维晶体，从严格意义上来说，二维石墨烯只有一个碳原子厚度(约0.335nm)的单层碳材料，是目前最薄的材料[2