沥青路面裂缝的成因及防治维修技术

黑龙江省龙建路桥第四工程有限公司论文论文题目：沥青路面裂缝的成因及防治维修技术作者：王崇振单位：黑龙江省龙建路桥第四工程有限公司项目：第五项目专业：道路桥梁工程技术2015年11月目录摘要Abstract第一章绪论...................................................................................................................................41.1概述..................................................................................................................................41.2沥青路面裂缝防治研究概况..........................................................................................51.3本课题的提出..................................................................................................................51.4本课题的主要研究内容..................................................................................................5第二章沥青路面裂缝类型及成因...............................................................................................52.1反射裂缝..........................................................................................................................52.2荷载裂缝..........................................................................................................................72.3温度裂缝..........................................................................................................................72.4沉降裂缝..........................................................................................................................8第三章沥青路面裂缝的机理分析.............................................................................................103.1反射裂缝的形成机理....................................................................................................103.2温度裂缝的形成机理....................................................................................................123.3荷载裂缝的形成机理....................................................................................................133.4沉降裂缝产生的机理....................................................................................................14第四章沥青路面裂缝的防治措施.............................................................................................164.1反射裂缝的防治............................................................................................................164.2温度裂缝的防治............................................................................................................184.3荷载裂缝的防治............................................................................................................184.4沉降裂缝的防治............................................................................................................18第五章裂缝的维修技术.............................................................................................................205.1裂缝的维修方法.............................................................................................................205.2裂缝的维修.....................................................................................................................20第六章结论.................................................................................................................................22参考文献附录致谢黑龙江省龙建路桥第四工程有限公司1沥青路面裂缝成因及防治摘要由于沥青路面具有行车舒适、抗滑性好、安全性好及扬尘少等优点，而且便于施工和维修，所以是一种较理想的面层结构。但由于沥青材料自身的特性以及施工中不可避免的存在各种问题，沥青路面裂缝是一个普遍存在的结构顽疾，一直无法得到彻底解决。但实践证明，通过改善原材料性能，采用适宜的配比，以及在施工中采取各种行之有效的措施，就能够减少沥青路面上出现各种裂缝的数量，大大地减缓裂缝出现的时间，延长沥青路面的使用寿命。荷载的分类方法有很多，按其成因分类有：反射裂缝、荷载裂缝、温度裂缝、沉降裂缝。1．反射裂缝反射裂缝是由于下卧层的不连续引起的。反射裂缝发生的基本机理是受拉疲劳、受拉屈服与剪切屈服，在它们的联合或单独作用下导致产生反射裂缝常采用的方法有使用土工织物，对旧混凝土路面采取碎石化处理，在面层下设应力吸收层或过渡层等方法。2．荷载裂缝路面使用期间经受车轮荷载的反复作用，长期处于应力应变的交迭状态，致使路面结构强度逐渐下降。当荷载重复作用超过一定的次数后，在荷载作用下路面内产生的应力就会超过强度下降后的结构抗力，使路面产生裂纹。3．温度裂缝沥青面层温度开裂有两种形式，一种形式为由单一的低温作用造成的温度收缩而产生的温度应力超过沥青混凝土的抗拉应力时开裂，称之为温度收缩裂缝另一种形式是温度疲劳裂缝即经长时间温度环境，沥青混凝土产生疲劳，即使温度应力小于其抗拉强度时也能产生开裂。4．沉降裂缝主要是由于填土固结沉陷或路基不均匀下沉、路基或基层强度不足引起面层的局部变形导致的裂缝关键词：沥青路面裂缝成因防治维修黑龙江省龙建路桥第四工程有限公司2CausesandpreventionsoftheasphaltpavementAbstractAstheasphaltpavementhasthecharactersofcomfortabletraffic,goodantiskidproperty,cleanness,alsoconvenientforconstructionandmaintenance,itisakindidealpavementstructure.However,becauseoftheasphaltconcreteitselfcharactersandvariousproblemsinconstruction,thecrackusuallyisunavoidable.Itiscertifiedthatbyimprovingthepropertyofmaterials,adoptingreasonableratioofmixture,andvariouseffectivemeasures,theasphaltpavementcrackscanbereduced,prolongedthelife.Theoccurrencetimecanalsobedelayedgreatly.Theclassificationofcrackshavealotthemethods,andaccordingtoitsbecomingcause,theelementsofcracksarereflectioncrack,loadcrack,temperatureaffectcrack,consolidationcrack.1.reflectioncrackThediscontinuityofsubjacentlayercausereflectioncrack.Thebasicmechanismofreflectioncrackincludtensilefatigue,tensileyieldandshearyield,ontheactionofuniqueorcombinedactionofthem,reflectioncrackwilloccur.Themethodsusuallyadoptedareusinggeotextilepolymer,smashingoldcementconcretepavement,settingupstressabsorptionlayerortransitionlayer,etc.2.loadcrackIntheperiodoftheroad,becauseofthewheelloadagainandagainontheroad,theroadinalongtimeisplacedindintorcontingency,sothestrengthofroadstructuregraduallydescend.Whentheloadrepeatedexceedthenumberoftimes,withtheload,thestrengthinpa