电子教案Unit5

司爱侠张强华宋德富张美兰编著《计算机英语实用教程》电子教案☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆Unit5ComputerLanguage【教学目的】○LearnabouttheEnglishtermsofthedatastructures,includingAssemblylanguage（汇编语言），MachineLanguage（机器语言），BASIC,Java，Pascal，FORTRAN，COBOL，C++，Perl，JavaScript，Lisp，Logo○Improvethestudents’abilitytounderstandthelonganddifficultsentencesinthetext.○Masterthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext.○consolidatethetechnicaltermsandimportantprofessionalphrasebydoingexercises.【教学重点难点】○Importanttechnicalterms:BASIC,Java,Pascal,FORTRAN,COBOL,C++,Perl,JavaScript,Lisp,Logo○Difficultsentences:1.Assemblylanguageisessentiallymachinelanguagethathashadsomeofthenumbersreplacedbysomewhateasiertoremembermnemonicsinanattempttomakeitmorehuman-readable.2.WhileassemblylanguagepredatesFORTRAN,itisnottypicallywhatpeoplethinkofwhentheydiscusscomputerlanguages.Althoughcalled“machinelanguage”,itisnotusuallywhatpeoplethinkofwhentalkingaboutcomputerlanguages.3.Machinelanguagedressedupwithmnemonicstomakeitabitmorehuman-readableiscalledassemblylanguage.4.Fastandsimple,itcanbeappliedtoallmannerofgeneralpurposetasks.5.Intruthofcoursebymakingthecreationofmorecomplexsoftwarepractical,computerlanguageshavemerelycreatednewtypesofsoftwarebugs.6.Onintranetswherethereareusuallyfewerbrowserversionsinuse,JavaScripthasbeenusedtoimplementmuchmorecomplexandimpressiveprograms.○ReviewtheimportantpointsofessentialEnglishBeboundtoforuseonsecondarytogainon…losethetitleto…【教学步骤】StepOneReadandexplainTextAtothestudentsandaskthestudentstokeepinmindthefollowingprofessionalterms:BASIC:TheBeginners’All-purposeSymbolicInstructionCode司爱侠张强华宋德富张美兰编著《计算机英语实用教程》电子教案☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆Java:Acomputerlanguagedesignedtobebothfairlylightweightandextremelyportable.Pascal：NamedafterthemathematicianBlaisePascal,PascalisalanguagedesignedbyNiklausWirthoriginallyin1968(andheavilyrevisedin1972)mostlyforpurposesofeducationandtrainingpeoplehowtowritecomputerprograms.FORTRAN：Standsforformulatranslationandistheoldestcomputerlanguageintheworld.COBOL：TheCommonBusinessOrientedLanguageisalanguagedevelopedbackin1959andstillusedbysomebusinesses.C++：C++isacompiledobject-orientedlanguage.BasedheavilyonC,C++isnearlyasfastandcanoftenbethoughtofasbeingjustCwithaddedfeatures.Perl:Perlisaninterpretedlanguageextremelypopularforwebapplications.JavaScript：JavaScript(inspiteofitsname)hasnothingwhatsoevertodowithJava.JavaScriptisaninterpretedlanguagebuiltintoabrowsertoprovidearelativelysimplemeansofaddinginteractivitytowebpages.Lisp：Lispstandsforlistprocessingandisthesecondoldestcomputerlanguageintheworld.Logo：LogoisaninterpretedlanguagedesignedbyPapertin1966tobeatoolforhelpingpeople(especiallykids)learncomputerprogrammingconcepts.StepTwoHelpthestudentstoanalyzethefollowinglongdifficultsentences:1.Assemblylanguageisessentiallymachinelanguagethathashadsomeofthenumbersreplacedbysomewhateasiertoremembermnemonicsinanattempttomakeitmorehuman-readable.that引出是一个定语从句给machinelanguage下定义；somewhateasiertoremembermnemonics其中的somewhateasiertoremember是定语修饰mnemonics（记忆术/技巧），整个短语的意思是“使记忆容易一点的记忆术”；inanattempttodosth.表示目的。全句的参考译文：“汇编语言本质上是机器语言。所谓机器语言就是其中的某些数字采用一些容易记忆一点的技巧所替代，以便更容易为人所读”。2.WhileassemblylanguagepredatesFORTRAN,itisnottypicallywhatpeoplethinkofwhentheydiscusscomputerlanguages.predate是vt.“在…前面”；根据后面主句的内容，while应该表示让步；itis+notusually(typically…)whatpeoplethinkofwhendoingsth.可以看作是一个句型，意思是：“当人们做（或谈论/讨论）某事时通常/一般想不起来…”。本句的参考译文是：“虽然汇编语言比FORTRAN语言出现的还早，但当人们讨论计算机语言时，人们并不把它当作典型语言”。本文中还有一句：Althoughcalled“machinelanguage”,itisnotusuallywhatpeoplethinkofwhentalkingaboutcomputerlanguages.“虽然叫做‘机器语言’，但当人们谈论计算机语言时通常不会想到它”。3.Machinelanguagedressedupwithmnemonicstomakeitabitmorehuman-readableiscalledassemblylanguage.dressedupwithmnemonicstomakeitabitmorehuman-readable这个长长的-ed份词短语作后置定语。Dressedupwith…原义是“用…打扮”，这里表示“配以…”；由于后置修饰语太长，应该拆分翻译。参考译文为：“配以记忆技巧的机器语言更容易被人们记忆，人们把这种语言叫做汇编语言”。司爱侠张强华宋德富张美兰编著《计算机英语实用教程》电子教案☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆4.Fastandsimple,it(Clanguage)canbeappliedtoallmannerofgeneralpurposetasks.两个形容词用逗号和句子分开，但仍然是为主与服务的，读者应该领会到时表示原因的，相当于Becauseitisfastandsimple…,因此全句可以译成：“由于又快又简单，C++可以应用于常规任务的全部方式”。5.Intruthofcoursebymakingthecreationofmorecomplexsoftwarepractical,computerlanguageshavemerelycreatednewtypesofsoftwarebugs.本句讲的是FORTRAN，前面的一句为：ItissomewhatamusingtonotethatwhenFORTRANwasfirstreleasedbackin1958itsadvocatesthoughtthatitwouldmeantheendofsoftwarebugs.“有趣的是，1958年FORTRAN的第一个版本发布时，它的倡导者们认为这意味着软件故障的结束”。Intruth=infact=actually；ofcourse=certainly；makingthecreationofmorecomplexsoftwarepractical“要创建实用的更为复杂的软件”。全句可以译成：“当然实际上，要创建实用的更为复杂的软件，计算机语言只不过又产生了软件故障的新类型”。6.Onintranetswherethereareusuallyfewerbrowserversionsinuse,JavaScripthasbeenusedtoimplementmuchmorecomplexandimpressiveprograms.本句讲的是JavaScript语言。前面说到Itisonlysupportedonafewdifferentbrowsers,andtendsnottoworkexactlythesameondifferentversions.ThusitsuseontheInternetissomewhatrestrictedtofairlysimpleprograms.“它只支持一些不同的浏览器，并且不同版本运做略有不同。因而在因特网上只局限把它用于比较简单的程序。”接着说内联网。“内