中国商业银行的产权结构和市场结构变迁19791999

广西师范大学硕士学位论文中国商业银行的产权结构和市场结构变迁（1979-1999）姓名：孟繁菁申请学位级别：硕士专业：经济史指导教师：周建明20080401I1979-19992005“”1978200012111979-1999“”11979-198421985-1999EVIEWS1979-19992020IITheChangesofPropertyRightsStructureandMarketStructureofCommercialBanksinChina(1979-1999)Major:EconomicHistoryResearchOrientation:TheHistoryofFinanceandCapitalMarketPostgraduate:MengFanjingGrade:2005Tutor:ProfessorZhouJianmingABSTRACTComradeDengXiaopingoncesaid:Financeisveryimportant,itisthecoreofmoderneconomy,ifthefinancedoingagoodjob,thewholeeconomywillbebetter.Andthereformofthebankingsystemisthecoreoffinancialreform.Fromthe1978reformoftheeconomicsystem,Chineseeconomicreformhasbeenmadenoteworthyachievements:Firstofall,theendoftheunificationofthebankingsystem,theestablishmentofadualbankingsystem;secondly,thecommercialbanksmarketstructurehaschangedalot:fromthemonopolymarketstructuretoanoligopolythenchangestothemonopolisticcompetition;Finally,thecommercialbanks’operatingperformanceisalsogrowingrapidly.However,Chinesebankingsystemislaggingseriouslybehindtheprocessofreformofthenationaleconomy.OnDecember11,2000,China'saccessedtotheWorldTradeOrganization,andpromisedtoopenthebankingfieldsstepbystepinfiveyears.Sotheperiodfrom1979-1999isanveryimportantstageinthedevelopmentofChinesebankingindustry,itcanbesaidthatitis“theinitialstage”ofthereformofChinesecommercialbanks,andtofurtherdeepenthereformofcommercialbankslaidthefoundation.Inthispaper,inthefirstandsecondpart,descriptthechangesinpropertyrightsstructureandmarketstructureinthehistoricalstageinvestigation,accordingtothechangesofoperaterightsofthecommercialbanks,thechangesofpropertyrightsmaybedividenedinto3stages:(1)1979-1984,fromsinglebanksystemtodualbankingsystem,(2)1985-1993,theenterprisedreformofspecializedbanks,(3)1994-1999,theestablishmentofmoderncommercialbanks.UsethetheoryofIndustrialEconomics—marketorganizationtheory,inspectthechangesinassetshares,depositshares,loansharesandprofitshares,analysesthechangesofthemarketstructure:completelymonopoly-oligopoly-monopolisticcompetition.Thenanalysesthesechangesontheimpactoftheoperationsandmanagementsofthecommercialbanks;inthethirdpartusethesoftwareofEconometric--EVIEWS,toanalysesthestructureofpropertyrightsandmarketchangesinthestructureofChina'scommercialbankingbusinessperformanceimpactthatthestructureofpropertyrightsreformandmarketstructurechangesarecomplementaryrelationship;inthelastpart,summarizedthesuccessfulexperiencesandtheproblemsstillexistafter20years’IIIreform.The20years’reformmakesthebankingsystemmoreandmoredeveloped,thecommercialbanks(especiallythestate-ownedcommercialbanks)domuchcontributiontotheeconomicreform,withtheprocessofthestate-ownedenterprisereform,butthebanksaccumulatehugebadassets,andtheadministrativeinterventionsarestillexistinthebanks’operation.Ultimatelythoseallbecausethereformofpropertyrightsisnotcomplete.KEYWORDSPropertyrightsstructureMarketstructureOperatingperformanceComplementaryrelationship11979-19991979-200724662000398WTO116972030Fisher12050Gurley(Shaw)22060Goldsmith3FriedmanSchwartz41980Fama52090MertonBodiefinancialinnovationsspiral6EichbergerHarper7McKinnonShaw19891019991FisherTheDebt-DeflationTheoryofGreatDepressionsEconometrica[J]1933pp337-357.2Gurley&ShawFinancialAspectsofEconomicDevelopmentAmericanEconomicReview[J]1955pp516-522.3Goldsmith:FinancialStructureandDevelopment[M]NewHeaven1969.4Friedman&SchwartzAMonetaryHistoryoftheUnitedStates:1867-1960[M]Princeton1969.5FamaBankingintheTheoryofFinanceJournalofMonetaryEconomics[J]1980pp39-58.6Merton&BodieAFunctionalPerspectiveofFinancialIntermediationFinancialManagement[J]1995pp23-41.7Eichberger&HarperFinancialEconomics[M]Oxford1997.22080209020901978-200727319781978-20001978-2000111994-20011978-2000“”,,,,,,,,3199819992001“————”SCP,,2002,1995-19995451978WTO1979-19991978-19991979-1999206(”ownership”propertyrights”8Ownership91011——128-1996945919942341019911311200591220042371979-199911979-198321984-199911979-19831979101319791978-1983197811319993381-11979.21979.31980.91979.81983921984-19991984(1)(2)1411985“”1419851309“”“”21986198727151987(1)(2)(3)20%(4)“”(5)(6)161988“”()17198819891992199311,151988103161719896010,,,,181994“”1234199661996519199419941995510“19982700199914000“”201979-199920182006419199512120200467111979-199111097.5518037.141992-199648546.831957.8821212003131121-21987.472%28%1987.21987.41987.1261988.81988.91992.81992.1019881714199489828.470.35%6.5%5.47%0.81%16.87%199243A67500040.002219951996156221.9%23199619991110A40000000010.00242219937023“”1985“”1986-19951-119942693.72199362%1995199914528.07“”1985“”“”1-219921992-1999“”“”10141-11-221979-1999199310010000200003000040000500006000070000198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998020004000600080001000019871988198919901991199219931994199519961997199815“”2519941994664211“”2632060206020701978197919931994-19991994-199819981979-1993198927199253100400025200559271989-19982003891613.42281994:19941994199419941994291994411995199811“”“”28P902918%275%37%48%58%1741979-19991978-198419841987-1993743894