DNA生物传感器在环境污染监测中的应用-王建龙

DNA＊王建龙(,,100084)　.,,,DNA.、DNA,.(prioritypollutant).　DNA,,,　X835.5　　.,(、)..DNA.,,.DNA[1].　　DNA,,DNA,(,,).　　DNA.1　　　DNA.DNA(32P),,,.DNA,,,.　　DNA.DNADNA,.DNA,(-),,(1).,[1].　　Wang[2]DNA,Cryptosporidium,Escherichiacoli.、、.DNA.,,、、、,.　＊863(818-Q-08).　Tel:[phone],E-mail:[e-mail]　:1999-11-30,:2000-03-31·125·2001;28(1)　　　　　　Prog.Biochem.Biophys.1　DNAFig.1　SchematicfigurefordeterminationofpollutantbyelectrochemicalDNAbiosensor　　DNA,DNA.,,,,PNADNA.　　Nielson[3](peptidenucleicacids,PNA).DNA,DNARNA,,.PNA2.　　N-(2-)-[4].PNA,(pseudopeptidechain)DNA(2).,DNA,DNAPNA,PNA-DNA.PNA-DNA3[5].2　PNADNAFig.2　ThestructureofPNAandDNA3　PNADNAFig.3　ThebasepairingofPNAandDNA2　　　DNADNA,DNA,·126·　　Prog.Biochem.Biophys.　　　　　2001;28(1)(、).　　Pandey[6]DNA.DNA,,,.　　Pulecek,,,,DNA.　　Wang[7]DNA.DNA(dsDNA),,,.4.(3min),4×10-7mol/L8×10-7mol/L2-,.(4b、cⅡ).2-.Ⅰ+1.0V,DNA.,,.dsDNA.4　DNA2-(a)2-;(b)4×10-7mol/L2-;(c)8×10-7mol/L2-.Fig.4　Determinationof2-amino-anthraceneintheconta-minatedgroundwaterbycarbonelectrodeofDNAbiosensor　　DNA.dsDNA,N-,(N7).,.　　DNADNA.,DNA,Palecekγ-DNA.DNADNA.　　Wang[1]DNA-,.DNA.　　DNA,DNA,.,DNADNA.DNA,-DNA,DNA.3　　　　　DNA.,.DNA,DNADNA.,,DNA.　　　1　WangJ,RivasG,CaiX,etal.DNAelectrochemicalbiosensorsforenvironmentalmoniitoring.Areview.AnalChimActa,1997,347(1):1～82　WangJ,ChicharroM,RivasG,etal.DNAbiosensorforthedetectionofhydrazines.AnalChem,1996,68(13):2251～22543　NielsonP,EgholmM,BergR,etal.Sequence-selectiverecognitionofDNAbystranddisplacementwithathymine-substitutedpolyamide.Science,1991,254(8):1497～15004　　,,,.DNA.,1999,19(2):83～88WanQ,WeiDZ,YuanQS,etal.LifeChem,1999,19(2):83～885　.———.,1999,11(3):107～110·127·2001;28(1)　　　　　　Prog.Biochem.Biophys.HeDM.LifeChem,1999,11(3):107～1106　PandeyP,WeetallH.DetectionofaromaticcompoundsbasedonDNAintercalationusinganevanescentwavebiosensor.AnalChem,1995,67(4):787～7927　WangJ,CaiX,JohnsonC,etal.TracemeasurementsofRNAbypotentiometricstrippinganalysisatcarbonpasteelectrodes.AnalChem,1995,67(22):4065～4070TheApplicationofDNABiosensorsfortheEnvironmentalMonitoringWANGJian-Long(StateKeyJointLaboratoryofEnvironmentSimulationandPollutionControl,DepartmentofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084,China).Abstract　Thebiosensorsbasedonbiocatalyticandimmunosensorshavegainedincreasingapplicationsinenvironmentalbiomonitoring.Alongwiththeadvancesinmolecularbiologyandbiotechnology,theDNAbiosensors,basedonDNAinteractionandusingnucleicacidasrecognitionelement,wasdeveloped.Theycanbeusedforthehybridizationdetectionofnucleicacidsequencesfrominfectiousmicroorganisms,formonitoringofprioritypollutantsandfortheinteractingstudyofpollutantsandDNA.Theypossessagreatpotentialforenvironmentalmonitoring.Theprincipleofnucleicacidhybridizationbiosensorsandtheirapplicationsforthedetectionofenvironmentalmicroorganismsandtheprioritypollutantswasbrieflydescribed.Keywords　DNAbiosensor,nucleicacidhybridization,environmentalmonitoring,prioritypollutant　＊Thisprojectissupportedby863foundation.Theprojectis“RapiddeterminationofBODbybiosensor”.　Tel:[phone],E-mail:[e-mail]　Received:November30,1999　　Accepted:March31,2000　　,,,。,,,,。45,,,。　　():,,,　　:　　:0411-7619142　　E-mail:[e-mail]·128·　　Prog.Biochem.Biophys.　　　　　2001;28(1)