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一种新型杀菌剂制备及性能研究一种新型杀菌剂制备及性能研究完成日期:指导教师签字:答辩小组成员签字:一种新型杀菌剂制备及性能研究1一种新型杀菌剂制备及性能研究摘要本论文对高分子质量的壳聚糖进行分子修饰,在水浴条件下使一定量的壳聚糖、二甲基亚砜和碘甲烷在碱性环境中反应适当时间,合成一种N上取代季铵盐的壳聚糖抗菌剂,季铵盐壳聚糖。所得水溶性季铵盐壳聚糖(TMC)采用傅里叶红外光谱检测(FT-IR)进行表征和分析。研究TMC对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌性能,以未修饰的壳聚糖作为对照。结果表明:TMC对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌都有一定的抑菌效果,而壳聚糖对两种受试菌则没有明显的抑菌效果。针对TMC筛选出中和试剂,卵磷脂。研究TMC与细菌接触作用5分钟,10分钟,15分钟和20分钟时的抑菌效果。结果显示:接触时间越长,TMC的抑菌效果越好。本项研究对更好的开发利用季铵盐壳聚糖,使其成为成熟的杀菌剂具有十分重要的意义。关键词:壳聚糖;季铵盐;杀菌剂;中和剂一种新型杀菌剂制备及性能研究2ThePreparationofANewFungicideAndItsPropertiesAbstractInthispaper,thepolymermolecularmassofchitosanmodifiedconditionsunderthewaterbathacertainamountofchitosan,dimethylsulfoxideandmethyliodideanappropriatetimeinanalkalineenvironment,thesynthesisofanN-substitutedseasonammoniumsaltofchitosanantimicrobialagent,aquaternaryammoniumsaltofchitosan.Theresultingwater-solublequaternaryammoniumsaltofchitosan(TMC)usingFourierTransformInfraredSpectroscopy(FT-IR)werecharacterizedandanalyzed.StudyontheantimicrobialpropertiesTMCEscherichiacoli,Staphylococcusaureus,unmodifiedchitosanasacontrol.Theresultsshowedthat:TMCforEscherichiacoliandStaphylococcusaureushascertaininhibitoryeffect,whilethetwotestedbacteriaChitosanisnosignificantinhibitoryeffect.TMCscreenedforneutralizingagents,lecithin.ResearchTMCcontactwithbacteriafor5minutes,10minutes,15minutesandantibacterialeffectsof20minutes.Theresultsshow:Thelongerthecontacttime,thebetterinhibitoryeffectTMC.Studyforabetterexploitationofthequaternaryammoniumsaltofchitosan,makingitaprovenfungicidehasveryimportantsignificance.Keywords:chitosan;quaternaryammoniumsalt;germicide;neutralizingagent一种新型杀菌剂制备及性能研究3目录0前言...............................................................................................................................................41实验材料及仪器............................................................................................................................61.1实验材料与试剂................................................................................................................61.2实验仪器............................................................................................................................62实验方法........................................................................................................................................82.1季铵盐壳聚糖的合成........................................................................................................82.2壳聚糖和季铵盐壳聚糖物的红外光谱表征....................................................................82.3季铵盐壳聚糖的抑菌性能检测........................................................................................82.3.1培养基的配制及试剂的准备...............................................................................82.3.2菌株接种与培养....................................................................................................92.3.3测定与分析..........................................................................................................102.4季铵盐壳聚糖中和剂的筛选..........................................................................................102.5季铵盐壳聚糖的抑菌效能评价......................................................................................113实验结果分析..............................................................................................................................123.1季铵盐壳聚糖物的红外光谱表征..................................................................................123.2季铵盐壳聚糖的抑菌性能检测......................................................................................123.3季铵盐壳聚糖中和剂的筛选..........................................................................................143.4季铵盐壳聚糖的抑菌效能评价......................................................................................153.4.1季铵盐壳聚糖对金黄葡萄球菌的抑菌效能......................................................153.4.2季铵盐壳聚糖对大肠杆菌的杀菌效能..............................................................174总结.............................................................................................................................................194.1论文主要结论..................................................................................................................194.2存在的问题与可持续研究的问题..................................................................................194.3季铵盐壳聚糖作为杀菌剂的前景展望..........................................................................19参考文献.........................................................................................................................................20致谢................................................................................................................................................22一种新型杀菌剂制备及性能研究10前言自然界中存在大量的有害微生物,不仅危害人们的健康,而且引起各种材料的分解、变质和腐败,危害环境和工农业生产,带来重大经济损失[1]。阻止有害微生物,目前最有效的方法是依靠化学试剂,也就是杀菌剂[2]。杀菌剂又称杀生剂、杀菌灭藻剂、杀微生物剂等,通常是指能有效地控制或杀死水系统中的微生物——细菌、真菌和藻类的化学制剂[3]。壳聚糖(CS)是一类资源丰富的天然氨基多糖,可由广泛存在于节肢动物外壳和真菌类细胞壁中提取的甲壳素经脱乙酰化制得,具有良好的生物降解性、生物相容性,且无毒副作用[4],其优越的生物活性功能、良好的成膜特性和较强的抗菌防腐保鲜能力已引起国内外研究人员的广泛关注和重视[5]。但是壳聚糖由于分子中含大量的-OH和-NH2,形成复杂的氢键作用,只能在酸性条件下使用,而且壳聚糖不溶于水及大部分有机溶剂,抑菌应用场合受到了很大的限制[6]。季铵盐类化合物于191
本文标题:毕业论文一种新型杀菌剂制备及性能研究
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