材料加工复试英语专业名词

材料科学MaterialScience物料科学定义MaterialScienceDefinition加工性能Machinability强度Strength抗腐蚀及耐用Corrosion&resistancedurability金属与合金MetalandAlloy铁及非铁金属Ferrous&NonFerrousMetal金属的特性FeaturesofMetal晶体结构CrystalPattern金相及相律MetalPhaseandPhaseRule固熔体Solidsolution置换型固熔体Substitutionaltypesolidsolution插入型固熔体Interstitalsolidsolution金属间化物Intermetalliccompound金属变态TransformationAllotropicTransformation合金平衡状态ThermalEquilibrium相律PhaseRule自由度Degreeoffreedom临界温度Criticaltemperture共晶包晶温度PeritecticTemperature包晶反应PeritecticReaction包晶合金PeritecticAlloy亚共晶体HypoeuteticAlloy过共晶体Hyper-ectecticAlloy金属塑性PlasticDeformation滑动面SlipPlan畸变Distortion硬化WorkHardening退火Annealing回复柔软CrystalRecovery再结晶Recrystallization金属材料的性能及试验Properties&testingofmetal化学性能ChemicalProperties物理性能PhysicalProperties磁性Magnetisum比电阻Specificresistivity&specificresistance比重Specificgravity&specificdensity比热SpecificHeat热膨胀系数Coefficientofthermalexpansion导热度Heatconductivity机械性能Mechanicalproperties屈服强度(降伏强度)(Yieldstrangth)弹性限度、阳氏弹性系数及屈服点elasticlimit,Yeung´smoduleofelasticitytoyieldpoint伸长度Elongation断面缩率Reductionofarea金属材料的试验方法Non–destructiveinspections显微观察法DestructiveInspection冲击测试ImpactTest疲劳测试FatigueTest钢铁的主要成份Themajorelementofsteel铁相SteelPhases钢铁的名称Nameofsteel纯铁体Ferrite渗碳体Cementitle奥氏体Austenite珠光体及共析钢Pearlite&Eutectoid奥氏体碳钢AusteniteCarbonSteel单相金属SinglePhaseMetal共析变态EutectoidTransformation珠光体Pearlite亚铁析体Hyppo-Eutectoid初释纯铁体Pro-entectoidferrite过共释钢Hype-eutectoid珠光体Pearlite粗珠光体Coarsepearlite中珠光体Mediumpearlite幼珠光体Finepearlite磁性变态点MagneticTransformation钢铁的制造ManufacturingofSteel连续铸造法Continuouscastingprocess电炉Electricfurnace均热炉Soakingpit全静钢Killedsteel半静钢Semi-killedsteel沸腾钢(未净钢)Rimmedsteel钢铁生产流程SteelProductionFlowChart钢材的熔铸、锻造、挤压及延轧TheCasting,Fogging,Extrusion,Rolling&Steel熔铸Casting锻造Fogging挤压Extrusion延轧Rolling冲剪Drawing&stamping特殊钢SpecialSteel硬化性能Hardenability钢的脆性BrittlenessofSteel低温脆性Coldbrittleness回火脆性Temperbrittleness硬度及拉力Hardness&Tensilestrengthtest拉伸测试(顺纹测试)Elongationtest钢的种类TypeofSteel表面处理SurfaceFinish常用尺寸CommonlyUsedSize不锈钢StainlessSteel不锈钢的定义DefinitionofStainlessSteel不锈钢之分类，耐腐蚀性及耐热性Classification,CorrosionResistant&HeatResistanceofStainlessSteel铁铬系不锈钢片ChromeStainlessSteel马氏体不锈钢MartensiteStainlessSteel低碳马氏体不锈钢LowCarbonMartensiteStainlessSteel含铁体不锈钢FerriteStainlessSteel镍铬系不锈钢NickelChromeStainlessSteel铁锰铝不锈钢Fe/Mn/Al/StainlessSteel不锈钢的磁性GeneralSpecificationofTensionAnnealedStainlessSteelStrips耐热不锈钢Heat-ResistanceStainlessSteel镍铬系耐热不锈钢特性、化学成份、及操作温度Heat-ResistanceStainlessSteel铬系耐热钢ChromeHeatResistanceSteel镍铬耐热钢Ni-CrHeatResistanceSteel超耐热钢SpecialHeatResistanceSteel抗热超级合金HeatResistanceSuperAlloy耐热不锈钢比重表SpecificGravityofHeat–resistancesteelplatesandsheetsstainlesssteel不锈钢材及耐热钢材标准对照表StainlessandHeat-ResistingSteels高碳钢片HighCarbonSteelStrip用含碳量分类–即低碳钢、中碳钢及高碳钢ClassificationAccordingtoCarbonContains弹簧用碳钢片CarbonSteelStripForSpringUse冷轧状态ColdRolledStrip回火状态AnnealedStrip淬火及回火状态Hardened&TemperedStrip/Precision–QuenchedSteelStrip贝氏体钢片BainiteSteelStrip弹簧用碳钢片材之边缘处理EdgeFinished淬火剂QuenchingMedia碳钢回火Tempering回火有低温回火及高温回火Low&HighTemperatureTempering高温回火HighTemperatureTempering退火Annealing完全退火FullAnnealing扩散退火DiffusionAnnealing低温退火LowTemperatureAnnealing中途退火ProcessAnnealing球化退火SpheroidizingAnnealing光辉退火BrightAnnealing淬火Quenching时间淬火TimeQuenching奥氏铁孻回火Austempering马氏铁体淬火Marquenching高碳钢片用途EndUsageofHighCarbonSteelStrip镀镍NickelPlated镀铬ChromePlated镀黄铜BrassPlated基层金属BaseMetalofPlatedMetalStrip低碳钢或铁基层金属Iron&LowCarbonasBaseMetal不锈钢基层金属StainlessSteelasBaseMetal铜基层金属CopperasBaseMetal黄铜基层金属BrassasBaseMetal轴承合金BearingAlloy易溶合金FusibleAlloy焊接合金SolderingandBrazingAlloy软焊SolderingAlloyn处理及表面状况Finish&Surface化学成份ChemicalComposition机械性能MechanicalProperties加工方法ManufacturingMethod应用材料MaterialUsed金属材料：metalmaterial(MR)成形工艺：formationtechnology1铸造铸造工艺：castingtechnique铸件：foundrygoods（casting）机器零件：machinepart毛坯：blank力学性能：mechanicalproperty砂型铸造：sandcastingprocess型砂：foundrysand1.1铸件成形理论基础合金：alloy铸造性能：castingproperty工艺性能：processingproperty收缩性：constringency偏析性：aliquation氧化性：oxidizability吸气性：inspiratory铸件结构：castingstructure使用性能：serviceperformance浇不足：misrun冷隔：coldshut夹渣：cinderinclusion粘砂：sandfusion缺陷：flaw,defect,falling流动性：flowingpower铸型：cast(foundrymold)蓄热系数：thermalstoragecapacity浇注：pouring凝固：freezing收缩性：constringency逐层凝固：layer-by-layerfreezing糊状凝固：mushyfreezing结晶：crystal缩孔：shrinkagevoid缩松：shrinkageporosity顺序凝固：progressivesolidification冷铁：ironchill补缩：feeding等温线法：constanttemperaturelinemethod内接圆法：inscribedcirclemethod铸造应力：castingstress变形：deforming裂纹：crack机械应力：mechanicalstress热应力：heatstress相变应力：transformationstress气孔：blowhole铸铁：ingot铸钢：caststeel非铁合金：nonferrousalloy灰铸铁：graycast-iorn孕育处理：inoculation球墨铸铁：spheroidal球化处理：sheroidisation可锻铸铁：ductilecastiron石墨：graphite蠕墨铸铁：vermicularcastiron热处理：heatprocessing铝合金：Al-alloy熔炼：fusionmetallurgy铜合金：copperalloy氢脆：hydrogenbrittleness1.2铸造方法（castingmethod）手工造型：handmoulding机器造型：machinemoulding金属型：metalmoldcasting金属模：permanentmould压力铸造：presscasting熔模铸造：investmentmoulding蜡膜：cere离心铸造：centrifugalcasting低压铸造：castingunderlowpressure差压铸造：counter-pressurecasting陶瓷型铸造：shawprocess1.3铸造工艺设计浇注位置：pouringposition分型面：mouldjoin