基于GIS的某城市绿地交通可达性分析

I安徽建筑工业学院毕业设计（论文）专业地理信息系统班级②班姓名马超学号08203050236课题名称基于GIS的某城市绿地交通可达性分析指导教师朱传华二〇一二年六月十日IIAnalysisofurbangreenspacetrafficaccessibilitybasedonGISinacertaincityByMaChaoUndertheSupervisionofZhuChuanhuaAThesisSubmittedtoAnhuiInstituteofArchitectureandIndustryforBachelorDegreeofScienceJune,2012III摘要城市绿地是城市景观的重要组成元素，作为城市中各种动植物的主要栖息场所，在功能上起着改善城市生态环境，维持城市生态平衡的重要作用。同时，城市绿地是城市中最富有自然元素的生态空间，可以为城市提供各种社会效益和生态服务，具有为市民提供休闲娱乐场所，体现城市的历史文化价值，改善城市形象等重要作用，对于提高城市居民生活质量具有重要的意义。随着经济发展，城市居民也开始更加关注自己周围生活环境的质量，在这种背景下，城市绿地所起的这些作用正受到越来越多的重视，如何建设一个完善的城市绿地系统，使其发挥出更高的社会及生态效益，正是目前城市绿地建设工作中所面临的一个问题。本文通过结合地理信息系统中的空间分析工具，提出了空间可达性和服务面积的绿地评价指标。并希望能够基于此建立更加完善的评价体系，在公园绿地的布局上兼顾到公平和效率的原则。在以建设生态城市为目标稳步发展的今天，以绿地可达性作为评价指标，结合了遥感平台的数据提取与GIS系统的空间分析能力的这套城市绿地评价系统，将可以更好的实现科学配置绿地资源，提高现有资源利用效率，提早发现不足，有效分析不利因素，为该城市城市绿地建设工作的发展提供一个可靠的决策支持系统。关键词:空间分析;城市绿地;GIS;绿地可达性IVAbstractUrbangreenspaceisanessentialcomponentofurbanlandscape.Asthemainhabitatofallpropagationlivinginurbanenvironment,urbangreenspacecanimprovetheconditionsofurbanenvironmentandmaintaintheecologicalbalanceofurbanecosystem.Furthermore,asaspacewhereisfullofnatureelements,urbangreenspacewouldalsobringmanysocialbenefitstothecity,suchasenhancecityinfluence,providingexercisesitesforresidents,andimprovingqualityofcitylife.Nowadayscityresidentshavebegantopaymoreattentionstothequalityoftheenvironmentwheretheylive.Becauseofthisbackground,theeffectsofurbangreenspacehavealsoattractedmorenoticefromthescholarallovertheworld,aimtodesignabetterurbangreensystemwithbothhighersocialandecologicalbenefits.ThearticleusesspatialanalysttoolsinGISandproposestheappraisalindicatorsbasedonaccessibilityandservingarea,andhopesitwillintroducemorecompleteappraisalsystemresearch．Themethodsusedinthisresearchshowedagoodapplicationpotentialinmanyaspects,suchaslookingforavailableresources，estimatingurbangreenspaceconditions,displayingthevariationofspacedistributionsvisuallyandsoon,thusprovidinganeffectivedecisionsupportsystemtogreenspaceconstructionsofthecityinthefuture.Keywords:spatialanalyst;urbangreenspace;GIS;greenspaceaccessibilityV目录摘要..........................................................................................................................................IIIAbstract....................................................................................................................................IV第一章研究背景................................................................................................................11.1城市绿地的生态效应................................................................................................21.1.1改善空气质量....................................................................................................21.1.2调解城市小气候.....................................................................................................21.1.3城市生物多样性保护.............................................................................................31.2城市绿地的社会功能....................................................................................................41.2.1美化城市环境.........................................................................................................41.2.2满足城市居民休闲娱乐需求.................................................................................41.2.3体现城市文化价值.................................................................................................51.2.4社会经济效益.........................................................................................................6第二章研究概况.....................................................................................................................72.1研究现状........................................................................................................................72.1.1景观生态学研究......................................................................................................72.1.2绿地评价指标体系计算..........................................................................................92.1.3城市绿地与居民之间交互关系的调查研究.......................................................112.1.4基于GIS工具的城市绿地研究............................................................................122.1.5绿地生态效益量化计算及模型研究...................................................................132.2城市绿地系统规划.......................................................................................................152.2.1生态城市建设........................................................................................................152.2.2绿地可达性............................................................................................................162.2.3景观生态学............................................................................................................18第三章研究目标及方法.......................................................................................................20VI3.1技术路线......................................................................................................................203.2研究目标........................................................................................