机械专业英语模块化训练二

模块化训练二：句子英译汉1.Withglobalcompetitionandtherequirementsforworld-classmanufacturing,corporatestrategiesarecontinuallyundergoingmajorchanges.随着全球竞争和世界级制造业发展的要求，公司策略不断经历重大的改变。2．Inashaperthecuttingtoolreciprocatesduringthecuttingmotion,whichinthecaseofaplanertheworktablereciprocates.2.在牛头刨床刨刀的刨削运动中，刨刀作往复运动，但在刨床中工作台作往复运动。3．Grindingisaprocesscarriedoutwithagrindingwheelmadeupofabrasivegrainsforremovingveryfinequantitiesofmaterialfromtheworkpiecesurface.磨削工艺过程是靠用磨粒组成的砂轮从工件表面去除非常少量材料来完成的。4．Instaticbalancingthegrindingwheelisrotatedonanarbourandthebalanceweightsadjusteduntilthewheelnolongerstopsitsrotationinanyonespecificposition.．调整砂轮的静平衡是在一个平衡支架上旋转砂轮并调整平衡铁的重量直到砂轮在任何位置都旋转而不停止。5．However,theaccuracyofthegearisdependentupontheaccuracyofthedividingheadaswellastheprofileaccuracyofthecutterforthegivengear.那么，齿轮的精度取决于分度头和给定的齿轮刀具的精度。6．Thesizeoftheboringbarisdictatedbythesizeoftheholetobebored,whileitslengthdependsuponthegeometryofthehole.镗杆的大小取决于所要镗空的大小，其长度由空的几何形状决定。7．Heattransferfromthesparktoboththetoolandtheworkpiecemakesthelattertomeltandpartiallyvaporizeandpartiallyionizethemetalinathinsurfacelayer.电火花的热量传递到工具电极和工件之间，使后者融化、部分汽化、部分电离成一薄层细小的金属。8．Spotfacingissimilartocounterboring,butremovesonlyaverysmallportionofmaterialaroundtheexistingholetoprovideaflatsurfacesquaretotheholeaxis.锪端面类似于沉头镗，它只是在已有的孔周围，沿孔的轴为轴去除非常少量材料。9．Thetraveling-wiremethodemploysareelofcopperwirethatisslowlyfedpasttheworkpieceandfunctionsmuchthesameasabandsawexceptthewireisusedonlyonce.移动的电极丝是用成卷铜丝旋转出来的方法，它慢慢通过工件进给，除了只能使用一次外，功能极象带锯。10．Thetoolheadhastheabilitytoswivelthecuttingtoolinanyanglewhileclampingthetoolwithanyoverhang,dependingtherequirement.在牛头刨床中在刀头上，可根据需要以悬挂的方式夹紧的刨刀，刨刀在刀头上可以任何角度旋转。11．Theuniquefeatureofallmachineshopoperationsisthatthepartsarepreciselyformedtothedesiredshapeandsizebyromovingmetalfromtheworkpieceintheformsofchips.所有的车间加工的唯一特征是以切屑的形式从工件表面去除金属来精确形成所渴望的形状和尺寸的工件。12．Therangofspeedandfeedratestobeprovidedinagivenmachinetooldependesuponthecapabilityofthemachinetoolandrangeofworkmaterialsthatareexpectedtobeproceed..一台给定的机床所能提供的切削速度和进给速度的范围决定于机床本身的能力和所希望加工材料的范围。13．Thelatheisoneofthemostusefulandversatilemachineintheworkshop,andiscapableofcarryingoutawidevarietyofmachiningoperation.在车间车床是一种最有用和通用的机床之一，能够完成一个广泛大量的机加工。14．Themeansofattachingalathechucktodifferentmachinetoolshavebeenwellstandardized,sothatchucksmadebydifferentmanufacturerscanbeeasilyinterchanged.不同车床所附带的卡盘的式样已经标准化了，所以由不同厂家制造的卡盘容易互换。15．Initially,thegapbetweenthetoolandtheworkpiece,whichconsistsofthedielectricfluid,isnotconductive.开始时，组成工件和电极间的电介质是不导电的。16．Thehobbingprocessthoughusedforgearsandsplinesmorefrequently,isalsosuitableforothershapessuchasratchetsandsprockets.齿轮滚铣刀工艺尽管经常用于加工齿轮和花键，也适合于其它形状像棘齿和链轮齿的加工。17．Inthecounterboringoperation,theholeisenlargedwithaflatbottomtoprovideaproperseatingfortheboltheadoranut,whichisflushedfromtheoutersurface.在沉头镗加工中，孔以平底扩大为螺栓或螺母提供合适的位置，并与外表面平齐。18．Thevaporofthemetalisquenchedbythedielectricmediumwhenthearcisterminatedbytheelectricpulseandthustheweardebrisisalwayssphericalinnature.当电脉冲结束电弧后金属汽化被工作液电解质淬火，因此蚀处除的碎屑自然呈小球状。19．Countersinkingisalsosimilartocounterboring,expectthattheadditionalmachiningdoneonaholeisconicaltoaccommodatethecountersunkmachinescrewhead.除了加工孔成锥形配合机制螺丝头的锥形外，锪锥孔类似于沉头镗。20．Selectionofaparticularmanufacturingprocess,orasequenceofprocesses,dependsnotonlyontheshapetobeproducedbutalsoonotherfactorspertainingtomaterialproperies.某一制造工艺或一系列工艺的选择不仅取决于要加工的形状，而且取决于与材料有关的因素。1．正如全文所述，每个制造工艺有它的优点和局限性，也有各自的生产率和产品成本。Asdescribedthroughoutthistext,eachmanufacturingprocesshasitsownadvantagesandlimitations,aswellasproductionratesandproductcost.2．镗削用一个一端带有刀刃的镗刀的主要问题是镗杆缺乏稳定性。Themajorproblemofboringwithaboringbarwithasinglepointturningtoolisthelackofrigidityoftheboringbar3．在制造机器的车间的工作是把每个零件加工成要求的形状和尺寸。Theworkofthemachineshopinbuildingmachinesistomakeeachparttotherequiredshapeandsize.4．那么与其它的传统金属切削加工相比，磨削加工效率较低。Thusthegrindingprocessisaveryinefficientonecomparedtotheotherconventionalmetalcuttingprocesses.5．夹具是一种将工件夹紧和定位，并为刀具导向的装置。Ajigisadevicethatholdsandlocateaworkpiecebutalsoguidethecuttingtools.6．齿轮能够用具有齿轮齿状的成形铣刀切削（而成）。Gearscanbecutusingaformmillingcutter,whichhastheshapeofthegearteeth.7．在加工中工件的夹紧的重要作用是会影响到可获得精度。Workholdinginmachiningisanimportantfunctionwhichaffectsthegainedaccuracy.8．滚齿是一个不断去除多余材料回到齿轮形状加工运动的工艺。Gearhobbingisacontinuousprocesseliminatingtheunproductivereturnmotionofthegearshapingoperation.9．在卡盘中所有的卡爪可一起移动自动定心，主要用于圆形工件的夹持。Chucksinwhichallthejawsmovetogetherareselfcenteringandareusedprimarilyforroundwork.10．因此以齿轮形状修正的刀具称为滚刀，其中齿条像蜗杆一样以螺旋结构在外圆周围包络。Itthereforeismodifiedintheformagearcuttercalledhob,wheretherackiswoundroundthecylinderinahelixlikeaworm.11．铣削加工可分为两大类：圆周铣削和端面铣削。Millingoperationscanbeclassifiedintotwobroadcategoriescalledperipheralmillingandfacemilling.12．信息技术领域的迅速发展能提供有助于迎接全球重大挑战的工具。Therapidlygrowingfieldofinformationtechnology(IT)canprovidethetoolstohelpmeetthesemajorglobalchallenges.13．拉力机构的动力和拉削运动通常是由液压系统提供。Thepowerforthepullingmechanismandthemovementofthebroachisgenerallyprovidedbyahydraulicfluid14．一个典型工艺系统由四部分组成：机床、