2014年湖北博士研究生入学考试英语真题1

routinelvremovepleasant-lookingbutwhollyimpracticalcanechairs,andonce,whileinterv'iew.ingtheactressJennySeagrove,snappedthestnngsofahammock-typechairinhergarden.Itisnoteas;ytogetyourinterv'ieweetotakeyouseriouslyafteryourvasrbulkhasbeerLplungedsuddenlyontotheirmanicuredlawn.l.ThebesttitleofthispassagemightbeA.PoorQualir,vofChairsB.TroublervithBeingTallC.EmbarrassmentofBeingRejectedD.DifficultiesinTakinqPlanesandBuses2.WhatistoneofthewriterwhenheisdeprctinghisrecenttravelinaneasyJetplane?A.Angry.B.Sarcastic.C.Humorous.D.Envious.3.Accordingtothecontext,thewordgnomes(Para.5)mightbeA.peopleofvastbulkB.peopleofsmallsizeC.representativesofAmericansD.representativesofbaseballplayersso-calledmiraclematerial(andajointNobelPrizeinPhysicsin20i0).Now,ofcourse,theraceisontoputgraphenetouse.Eventhemoresoberpredictionsreadlikesciencefiction.Fromcheapdesalinationfilterstosolvetheworld'screepingwatercrisis,tonext-generationelectronicswithfoldabletouch-screensandultra-speedybiodegradablepr,rcessors,tosuper-strongbutsuper-lightweightcarsandairplanes,ifjustafractionofgraphene'spotentialisfulfilleditwillchangetheworld.Andthatiswir:houtevenconsideringeitherthebiomedicalorthemilitarypossibilities.Norareresearchershangingback;in2012alone,some10,000paperswerepublishedorLthesubject.Britainmaybethebirthplaceofgraphene,butwewillstillhavetoworkhardtohangontoourgloballeadasscientistsandenffepreneursacrosstheworlddashforcompetitiveadvantage.Thegoodnewsisthatrealeffortsarebeingmadetobridgethelong-standinggapbenveenuniversityresearchandcommercialproductsthatsooftenleavestheUKlaggingbehind,forexample,theUS.TheGovernmenthasgivenmorethanf60m,andgrapheneresearchcentersareunderconstructioninbothManchesterrlndCambridge.Buttherearealreadysignsofprogress.\-esterday,AppliedGrapheneMaterials-aspin-offfromDurhamUniver:sity-becamethesecondmanufacfurerofthematerialtolistsuccessfullyonthestockmarketthisyear.Bothitsfounders'ambitionsandinvestors'beliefinthemarewhollyiustified.Graphene'spotentialislimitedonlybyourimaginittions.5.ThearticleiswrittenmainlytoA.urgeBritonstoholdtheleadingrapheneB.introducethenewmaterialgraphenetoreadr:rsC.informreadersofthelimitlesspotentialsofgrapheneD.reporttheconstructionofUK'sgrapheneres;earchcentres6.WhichisNOTapropertyofgrapheneaccordingtothepassage?A.Itisthethinnestandstrongestsubstance.B.Itisasuperbconductorofgas.C.Itisoneofthemoststretchablematerials.D.Itisaspecialkindofcarbon.J.ItcanbeinferredthatthepastgrapheneresearchintheUKwasA.puttodashforcompetitiveadvantageB.faraheadoftheU.S.inmarketingC.turnedintoalotofsciencefictionD.isolatedinuniversitvexperimentlabsTherearegoodreasonsforinvestorstobeiieveinthefounders'ambitionsforgraphenebecauseA.humanimaginationscangoasfarastheyctrnB,thereisnogapbetw'eenresearchandprodur:tsC.thestockmarketintheUKissuccessfulD.thenewmaterialhashuseroomfororofitQuestions9-12arebasedonthefollowingpassage:ithaslongbeenrecognizedthattheimmigrarLtgenerationoftenarrivesinaneu'landaspioneerswithdreamsofmakingabetterlifeforthemselvesaswellasfortheirchildren.Theobjectivesoff,rrstgenerationarerelativelyclear:getajob,earnmoney,learnanew'language.rfpossibieofferaneducationtothechildren.andingeneralimprovetheirlotinlife.Familyreunificationisanotherpowerfulmotivedrivingmanynervarrivals.Sornenew'immigrants.perhapsmorethanthecurrentanti-immigrationlobbymayrealize,oftenwisheventuallytoreturnhometosettlethereoncefinancialconsiderationsallowit.Theobviousdifficultiesthatmostmigrantsfaceincludelanguageinadequacies,ageneralunfamiliaritywiththecustomsandexpectationsofthenewcountry(whatanthropoiogistsrefertoascuhuraldiscontinurties).limitedeconomicopportunities,poorhousingconditions.discrimination,xenophobia,andwhatpsychologiststeffnthestressesofacculturation.Despitetheseobstacles.inman)/casesimmisrantsexperiencetheirlotasbeingbetterthanitwasintheircountryofongin.Becauseofaperceptionofrelativematerialimprovement.manymigrantsmayfailtointernalizetheanti-immigrantnegatir,'eattirudesofthehostcountrytorvardthem,maintainingtheircountryofonginasapointofreference.Ir.addition,recentimmigrantscommonlyviewandexperiencetheircurrentlotrLotintermsoftheidealsandexpectationsofthemajoritysocietybutratherrntermsoftheidealsandexpectationsoftheoldculture.Thisispartofaninterestingorientationthathasbeentermedtheimmigrant'sdualfiameofreference.TheSudrez-Orozcoshavenoticedimmigrantsareconstantlycomparingandcontrastingtheircurrentlotinthehostsocietyagainsttheirexperiences,opporrunities.andexpectationsinthecountryoforigin.Duringtheearliestphasesofirnmigratron,thenervarrivalsmaycometorealizetheneu'countryaslandofunlimitedopporfunities,concentratingonthenegatir-easpectsoflifeinthelandleftbehind.Thesecondgeneration,incontrast.cannotcomparetheir,ru'ncunentexperiencestopreviousexperiencesofrelativedeprivatron.Instead,theirstandardofassessmentmaybethehostculfures'aftluentideal(oftenrepresentedintelevisionandfilm)w.heretheyarelikelytofindthemselr,eslacking.Fromthesecondgeneration'sperspective,theirlotinlifehasdecidedlynotimproved.Researchershave