基于单片机的指纹识别门禁系统设计

中文摘要-I-摘要人们在生活中需要安全的门禁设施，来保证自己的财产安全，各种各样的门禁系统随之而生。但随着数字化和网络化的不断发展，以前的门禁方式在鉴别方式、速度和性能方面越来越不能满足人们的需要，比如射频卡、数字密码等方式，其安全性不够高。在新的方式开发的过程中，由于人的身体特点具有不可复制性，所以人们把目光转移到这上面来，开始了生物识别的门禁系统的开发。指纹识别作为生物特征识别，它是独特的，它的特点是不易伪造，以为它的这些特点目前已被广泛应用于安全访问。对于企业来说，办公楼的安全性和规范性就显得尤为重要，对于进入楼内的人员需要严格的管理，并且需要保密的楼层也需要限制人员的进入。指纹识别技术正好可以解决这个问题，每个人的指纹就相当于每个人的身份标识，对指纹的识别和管理，就能够实现对人员的管理。本文设计的系统是基于单片机的指纹识别门禁系统，它是在指纹识别技术的基础上加以开发扩展得来的，主要目的是加强人员的出入管理和提高门禁的安全性。整个门禁系统主要包括上位机和下位机两部分，对于下位机，单片机作为主体，另带多个子模块，包括指纹识别模块、液晶显示模块、网络模块、继电器和蜂鸣器等；对于上位机，主要负责用户信息的管理，并且通过网络模块，对多个下位机行进远距离控制。论文基于对指纹识别技术和指纹识别系统的发展研究的意义的分析，介绍了指纹识别门禁系统总体框架，阐述了各子模块的硬件和软件资源。论文首先简要介绍了指纹识别算法，重点介绍了指纹识别模块（FM-180）的使用方法，包括它的硬件连接和软件指令的使用方法。在此基础上，设计了以STC89C52单片机为核心的指纹识别门禁系统，指纹识别模块负责识别指纹，并传输给单片机结果，单片机根据结果来控制液晶显示和蜂鸣器的声音提示，再控制继电器的开闭，单片机还能通过网络模块与上位机实现远程通讯。之后，介绍了软件部分的设计，包括单片机、液晶屏、指纹识别模块和上位机的软件设计。系统测试部分，通过对系统的模型样机的测试表明，系统能够完成基本功能并具有较好的稳定性，初步达到了预期的设计目标。在论文最后，做出了简单的总结与期望。关键词：指纹识别；门禁；单片机英文摘要-II-AbstractPeopleneedinlifesafetyentranceguardfacilities,toensurethesafetyoftheirproperty,andallkindsofentranceguardsystem.Butwiththecontinuousdevelopmentofdigitalizationandnetworking,theentranceguardbeforewayintermsofspeedofidentificationmethods,andperformanceismoreandmorecan'tsatisfypeople'sneeds,Suchasradiofrequencycard,digitalcode,itssecurityisnothigh.Inanewwayintheprocessofdevelopment,becauseofthehumanbodycharacteristicsisreplication,sopeoplefocustothis,startedthebiometricaccesscontrolsystemdevelopment.Fingerprintidentificationasakindofbiometricrecognition,ithasthecharacteristicsofuniquenessanddifficulttocounterfeit,makeitwidelyusedinsecurityaccess.Forenterprises,buildingsecurityandstandardizationisparticularlyimportant,forpeopleenteringthebuildingneedstostrictmanagement,andneedtobekeptsecretflooralsoneedtolimitpersonneltoenter.Fingerprintidentificationtechnologycansolvetheproblem,eachperson'sfingerprintsareequivalenttoeachperson'sidentity,thefingerprintidentificationandmanagement,canrealizethemanagementofthepersonnel.Inthispaper,basedonfingerprintidentificationtechnologyisintroduced,anddesignasetoffingerprintentranceguardsystembasedonSTC89C52single-chipcomputer,torealizetheunificationofthebuildingentranceguardmanagementandpersonnelmanagementofpermissions.Theentranceguardsystemmainlyincludestwopartsoftheuppermachineandlowermachine.Forthemachine,includingfingerprintidentificationmodule,liquidcrystaldisplaymodule,networkmodule,relayandbuzzer,controlledbysinglechipmicrocomputer.ForPC,ismainlyresponsibleforuserinformationmanagement,andthroughthenetworkmodule,amachineunderthemultipleremotecontrol.Papersontheanalysisofthefingerprintrecognitiontechnologydevelopmentpresentsituationandresearchsignificanceoffingerprintentranceguardsystem,onthebasisofintroducedtheoverallframeworkoffingerprintentranceguardsystem,thispaperexpoundstheeachmodule'shardwareandsoftwareresources.Paperfirst英文摘要-III-brieflyintroducesthefingerprintidentificationalgorithm,andintroducedtheuseofthefingerprintidentificationmodule,includingthehardwareconnectionandtheuseofthesoftwareinstructions.Onthisbasis,designedaSTC89C52MCUasthecoreoffingerprintentranceguardsystem,fingerprintidentificationmoduleisresponsibleforidentifyingfingerprint,andtransfertothesinglechipmicrocomputerasaresult,asaresultofthesingle-chipmicrocomputertocontroltheliquidcrystaldisplayandabuzzervoiceprompt,andtheopeningofthecontrolrelay,microcontrollercanrealizetheremotecommunicationmoduleandtheuppermachinethroughthenetwork.Later,thepaperintroducesthedesignofthesoftwarepart,includingMCU,LCDscreen,fingerprintidentificationmoduleandPCsoftwaredesign.Systemtestpart,throughtothemodelofthesystemprototypetestshowthatthesystemcancompletethebasicfunctionandhasgoodstability,preliminaryachievedtheexpecteddesigngoal.Infinally,thethesishasmadethesimplesummaryandexpectation.Keywords:fingerprintidentification;Entranceguard;Singlechipmicrocomputer英文摘要-IV-目录-IV-目录摘要................................................................................................................................IAbstract.........................................................................................................................II第一章绪论............................................................................................................-1-1.1引言............................................................................................................-1-1.2指纹识别技术的发展状况........................................................................-2-1.3课题的研究内容........................................................................................-3-第二章指纹识别技术介绍与整体设计方案........................................................-4-2.1指纹特征...................................................................................................-4-2.2指纹识别技术介绍....................................................................................-6-2.3整体设计方案...........................................................................................-7-2.4本章小结........................................................................................