汉英翻译讲义第2部分

1第三章词语的翻译3.1词的指称意义(denotation)和蕴涵意义(connotation)的理解与表达A)翻译下列句子，注意句中划线部分词语指称意义和蕴涵意义的表达1.他两岁就学会看表了。Hecould_________________evenwhenhewastwo.2.我能看出你在想什么。Ican__________yourmind.3.你要是觉得这东西还看的过去，就买下来吧。Ifyouthink________________________,thenbuyit.4.他看出了她的破绽。He____________herweakpoints.5.那是万万不行的。That’s_________________outofthequestion.6.我万万没有想到。Theidea____________occurredtome.7.党员应该虚心倾听群众的意见。Apartymembershouldlistencarefullytothe______________ofthemasses.8.他们对这项计划提出了修改意见。Theymadesome___________________fortherevisionoftheplan.9.大家对你很有意见。Peoplehavealotof____________________aboutyou.10.他们就推举谁做下届总统侯选人取得了一致意见。Theyhavereached___________________onwhowillbethepresidentialcandidateforthenextgeneralelection.11.他们在会上闹起了意见.Theygotinto_____________________atthemeeting.12.两位领导人就双边关系及共同关心的问题交换了意见。Thetwoleadersexchanged__________________onbilateralrelationsandissuesofcommonconcern.13.那件大衣的面子很漂亮。_________________________ofthecoatisverybeautiful.14.如果怕丢面子，就说不好英语。Ifoneisafraidof________________________________,hecannotexpecttospeakEnglishwell.15.我是个爱面子的人，这种事我可做不出。Iwouldnotdosuchathing---I’m_______________________________.16.不是我不买你的面子，实在是这事儿不好办。Ihaveshown_____________________________________,butthereisreallynothingIcandoforyou.I’dliketo________________________________________,butthereisreallynothingIcandoforyou.17.南京的风俗：但凡新媳妇进门，三日就要到厨下收拾一样菜，发个利市。这菜一定是鱼，取“富贵有余”的意思。ThecustominNanjingisforallbridesto__________________________bygongtothekitchenonthethirddayand_________afish,_____________standsforfortune.18.他是我父亲。这姑娘是漂亮。此人是书就读。He_____myfather.Thisgirlis______beautiful.Thismanreads_________________________.是古非今是可忍，孰不可忍。________thepasttocondemnthepresent.___________canbetolerated,whatcannot?B)请判断下列汉语成语的蕴涵意义与英文的equivalent是否相符1.打草惊蛇——toalerttheenemybyaccidentaleventsbeforecarryingouttheplannedattacktobeataboutthebush-----trytosaysthindirectly(旁敲侧击）2.亡羊补牢——torepairthestableafterasheepisgone,stillintimetoavoidfurtherlossestolockthestableafterthehorsehasbeenstolen---贼走关门，为时已晚3.骨鲠在喉——tohaveanopinionthatonecannotsuppresstohaveaboneinone’sthroat-----toavoidmakingone’sopinionknown4.同舟共济——tocooperateandhelpeachotherinordertoovercomeadifficultytobeinthesameboat-----tobeinthesamedifficultsituationordanger5.怒发冲冠——bristlewithanger;tobeinviolentanger;flyintoaragetohaveone’shairstandonend-----frightensb;tofillonewithhorrororfright6.翻天覆地——earth-shaking;epoch-makingtomoveheavenandearth-----doone’sutmost7.洗手不干——(ofathief.etc)tostopdoingwrongandreformoneselftowashone’shandofsb/sth-----torefusetotakeanymoreresponsibilityforsb/sth8.扯后腿——tohinder;tobeahindrancetosbtopullsomebody’sleg-----makefunofsbC)请选择最合适的表达来翻译各句中的“心”。Heartmindbrainintentionwishpopularityfeeling必要时可更改单复数形式1.心有余而力不足One’sabilityfallsshortofone’s________________.2.您的建议我会永远铭记在心。Iwillalwaysbearyouradvicein_________________.23.如果你忘了她的生日她会很伤心的。You’llhurther___________________ifyouforgetherbirthday.4.居心叵测Tonurseevil_____________________5.得人心者得天下Thosewhogain______________________amongthepeoplewillgainthepower.6.劳心者治人，劳力者治于人。Thosewhoworkwith___________ruleandthosewhowiththeirbrawnareruled.7.哀莫大于心死Thegreatestdespaircomesfromadevastated______________.3.2词语英译与语言语境1.我在学校读书的时候，有所谓的“强迫运动”，我踢破过几双球鞋，打断过几只球拍。因此侥幸维持下来最低的体力。Inmyschooldays,________________________theso-called“________________physicalexercises”,Iwentinformanysports___________________manypairsofsneakersandrackets,thusluckilybuildingupaminimumofgoodphysique.2.身体好，学习好，工作好。Keep____________,study________,andwork_________.3.《天下第一鼓------陕北安塞腰鼓》译文1：No.1DrumintheWorld,AnsaiWaistDrumofNorthernShannxi译文2：TheMajesticAnsaiWaistDrumDanceofNorthernShaanxi4.布衣素食译文1：wearclothesofcottonandeatvegetables译文2：wear___________clothesandeat_______________food5.西风，秋水，雁阵，衔着落日的远山，交融在一起，更增添打猎者的无限兴致。译文1：Thejoyofhunterswasenhancedbythewestwind,theautumnstreamandthewildgeesemingledwiththedistantmountainsthatheldthesinkingsun.译文2：Anautumnstreamruffledbythewestwind,andthelinesofwildgeesesetagainstthebackgroundofdistantmountainsembracingthesinkingsun,harmoniouslymergedtoenhancethejoyofhunters.6.他昨天擦破了皮，现在到医院换药去了。译文1：Hehadascratchyesterdayandnowhasgonetochangemedicineinthehospital.译文2：Hehadascratchyesterdayandnowhasgoneto________________________inthehospital.7.富华家具带给您典雅的欧陆风情。译文1：YouwillbeenchantedbytheuniqueEuropeanamorousfeelingsofFuhuafurniture.译文2：YouwillbeenchantedbytheuniqueEuropean_______________ofFuhuafurniture.8.不搞改革，不坚持开放政策，我们制定的战略目标就不可能实现。这是一个关，这个关必须过。译文1：Wecannotreachourstrategicgoalunlesswecarryoutreformsandadheretotheopenpolicy.Thisisabarrierwemuststrideacross.译文2：Wecannotreachourstrategicgoalunlesswecarryoutreformsandadheretotheopenpolicy.___________________________________________________________________.9.宜昌是巴楚文化的发源地，诞生了屈原、王昭君等千古风流人物。YichangCityisthebirthplace/origin/sourceofChineseBachuCulture____________________manygreatpersonalitiesthroughtheages,suchas_____________________________QuYuanand_________________________WangZhaojun.3.3请改译（假朋友）1.密码—secretcode2.救火—saveafire3.“银耳”汤—“whitefungus”soup4.(美国)大片—bigmovie5.“金三角”经济开发区—aspecialeconomicdevelopmentzone:a“GoldenTriangle”