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1.abstractart:抽象派艺术艺术·ArtAnonrepresentationalstylethatemphasizesformalvaluesovertherepresentationofsubjectmatter.强调形式至上,忽视内容的一种非写实主义绘画风格Kandinskyproducedabstractartcharacterizedbyimagerythathadamusicalquality.康定斯创作的抽象派作品有一种音乐美。2.abstractexpressionism:抽象表现派;抽象表现主义Anonrepresentationalstylethatemphasizesemotion,strongcolor,andgivingprimacytotheactofpainting.把绘画本身作为目的,以表达情感和浓抹重涂为特点的非写实主义风格。Abstractexpressionismwasatitspeakinthe1940sand1950s.20世纪四五十年代是抽象表现艺术发展的顶峰时期。3.actionpainting:动作画派Atermusedtodescribeaggressivemethodsofapplyingpaint.指使画布产生强烈动作效果的绘画风格。Actionpaintingoftenlookschildishtothenon-artistbecauseofthetechniquesusedtoapplypaint,suchasthrowingitonthecanvas.在外行看来,动作派的作品通常是幼稚的,这主要是因为画家采用的作画方法,比如将颜料泼洒在画布上。4.airbrush:喷枪;气笔Anozzledtubeusedtoapplypaintinasprayform.一种将颜料喷成雾状的喷嘴管。ThefamoussexyrobotsinJapanareproducedusinganairbrush.那些性感的日本机器人就是用喷枪绘制成的。5.artdeco:装饰派艺术Astyledominantinthe1920sand1930s,characterizedbyrepetitive,ornamental,andhighlyfinishedcurvilinearandgeometricdesigns,esp.insyntheticmaterialssuchasplastics.盛行于20世纪二、三十年代的装饰艺术和建筑艺术风格,以重复的、装饰精美的曲线和几何图案为特点国,多采用塑料等合成材料。Maryattendedhighschoolinabuildingthatwasfamousforartdecostyleofarchitecture.Mary就读的中学以其装饰派建筑而闻名。6.artnouveau:新艺术Adecorativestyleinwhichfluid,biomorphiclinesandswirlingmotifswereemphasized.以曲折有致的天然生物形态为特色的装饰性风格。Beardsleyprintsproducedinthelate19thcenturyareagoodexampleofthestyleofartnouveau.19世纪末比乐兹利的作品是新艺术的典范。7.avent-garde:先锋派Innovativeartinadvanceofpopularideasandimages,characterizedbyunorthodoxandexperimentalmethod.不拘于现有的创作定式,勇于创新超前思维的艺术形式。Theavant-gardehomeofthefamousactresssoldformillions.那位影星的先锋派住宅卖出了几百万美元的好价钱。8.Baroque:巴罗克风格Anemotional,dramaticstyleofthe16th-18thcentury,anticlassicalinformandspirit.流行于16至18世纪,以情感强烈、铺张浮华为特点的反古典主义的艺术风格。StatusandarchitecturefromtheBaroquehaveadark,muscular,loomingqualityaboutthem.巴罗克风格的雕塑和建筑雄伟、高大、格调阴暗。9.batik:蜡防印花Paintingonwax-treatedcloth.在蜡布上作的画。Susanlearnedaboutbatikincollege.苏珊在读大学时学过蜡防印花。10.Bauhaus:包豪斯建筑风格Adesignschoolthatpromotedfunctionalandgeometricelementsindesign.指包豪斯造型学院倡导的强调实用和几何学要素的建筑风格。BauhausschoolofdesigninGermanychangedthewaythattheworldthoughtaboutdesign.德国的包豪斯造型学院倡导的艺术改变了世人的既定设计思维模式。a11.Byzantine:拜占庭艺术风格的(adj.)Atermusedtodescribeastyleofartwithstrongreligiouscontent.艺术风格突出强烈宗教色彩的。TheByzantineeraextendedfromthe13thcenturyandwentintothe16thcenturyandwascharacterizedbyartwithreligiousinfluence.拜占庭式艺术始于13世纪,一直延续到16世纪,其主要特点是浓郁的宗教气息。12.calligraphy书法艺术Handwritingorpenmanship,esp.elegantor“beautiful”writingasadecorativeart.书写的艺术,特别是优雅漂亮可作装饰的笔迹。Calligraphyhaspracticallybecomealostartintoday’scomputerizedsociety.在今天的电脑时代,书法艺术差不多要消亡了。13.cartoon草图,底图Afull-size,preliminarypaintingorsketchforacompletedwork.一部完整艺术作品的雏形。LeonardodaVinci’scartoonoftheVirginMaryandSaintAnnehangsintheBritishNationalGallery.达·芬奇的圣母马丽亚和圣安妮画像的草图现存于英国国家美术馆。14.ceramics(1)Theartofmakingobjectssuchaspotteryorclay.(2)Theobjectsthemselves.陶器制作艺术;陶器制品。Savannahenjoysmakingceramicpottery.萨文喜欢做陶器。15.collage:拼贴艺术Acompositionoffoundobjects,newspaper,andclothoverothermaterialonasinglesurface.把拣得的报纸、碎布等在画面上粘贴成画。WeusedtomakecomputercollageswhenIwasincollegebyfirstpastingvariousitemstogetherandthenusingavideocameratotransmittheimageontoacomputerscreen.我们在大学时曾用电脑制作拼贴画。其步骤是:首先,将各种材料粘在一起,然后用摄像机将图像传送到电脑上。16.composition:艺术作品Aestheticallypleasing,harmonious,andeffectivearrangementofpartstoformawhole.各部分和谐生动、符合美学规律的作品。Matisseusedcolorandshapesandworkedbackandforthuntilhefelthehadachievedabalancedcomposition.马蒂斯反复调试色彩、构思图案,终于画了一幅布局和谐的作品。17.computerart计算机艺术Electronicallyproducedimagesdisplayedonvideoscreen.在屏幕上显示运用电子手段设计图像的艺术。Computerartbecomepopularinthe1980swhencomputersstartedtobecomemoreavailabletothepublic.当80年代个人电脑开始普及之后,计算机艺术也流行起来。18.cubism:立方主义;立体派Astyleofartthatdepartsfromtraditionalreality,andemphasizesmultifaceted,simultaneousviewsofsubjectanddistortedperspectives.(early20thcentury)20世纪初出现的一个艺术流派。它抛弃传统现实,强调艺术作品的形体结构,即同时性、多角度性及扭曲的视角。PabloPicassoplayedaprincipalroleintheearlymovementofcubism.帕勃洛·毕加索在立体派早期发展中起首重要的推动作用19.Dada:达达主义Astyle(1915-1925)withantirationalapproachandnihilistic,absurdist,andincongruousthemes.流行于1915年至1925年间的艺术流派,其特点是反理性的创作手法和虚无、荒诞。矛盾的主题。Dadaismasked“whatisart?”andusedhumorandshockvalueascommunicativeelements.达达主义设问“什么是艺术?”并用幽默和让人震惊的色彩对比手法作答。20.drawing:素描Apicture,design,orsketchdonewithlinesinpenorpencil.用钢笔或铅笔勾勒出的图画、图案或写生图。ThedrawingsofMichelangelowererecentlyexhibitedinNewYork.米开朗基罗的素描最近在纽约展出。21.expressionism:表现主义Anearly20th-centurystyleemphasizingemotionalexpression,strongcolorandcomposition,andadistorted,theatricaltreatmentofimage.20世纪的一种艺术风格,强调情绪的表现,以浓重的色彩、鲜明的构图,扭曲、夸张的形象处理为特点。ProfessorBryerwillbegivingalectureonexpressionismtonight.今晚布莱恩教授有一个关于表现主义的讲座。22.fresco:温壁画技法;湿壁画Atechniqueofpaintingdirectlyonawet,plastersurface.在潮湿的石膏表面上直接作画。Weallmarveledatthebeautyofthe17thcenturyfresco.23.funkart:非理性艺术;恶臭艺术Acombinationofpaintingandsculpture,deliberatelymessingandrough,oftenhumorouslydepictingprovocativesubjects.(U.S.,mid-20thcentury)20世纪中期出现在美国的一种艺术流派。故意杂乱无章、不加修饰的绘画与雕塑的融合。多以幽默的方式描绘刺激性的场面。Jesonhasbeencollectingfunkartsi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