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当前位置:首页 > 临时分类 > 有机化学课程考试试题卷1
第1页共8页4.5.OOOOHC6H5OH6.CCCHHCH3CH3HC2H5有机化学课程考试试题卷1一、写出下列化合物的名称或结构式(10分)2.CH2CHCH2=3.1.NCH3CH2CH37.4-甲基酰氨基己酰氯8.7,7-二甲基二环[2.2.1]-2,5-庚二烯9.α-呋喃甲醛10.α-D-甲基吡喃葡萄糖苷二、回答下列问题(20分)1.下列物种中的亲电试剂是:;亲核试剂是。a.H+b.RCH2+c.H2Od.RO—e.NO2+f.CN—g.NH3h.RC=O+2.下列化合物中有对映体的是:a.CH3CH=C=C(CH3)2b.NC3H7C6H5C2H5CH3+Ic.d.C(CH3)2OHCH3O3.写出下列化合物的最稳定构象a.OHCH(CH3)2H3CHHHb.FCH2CH2OH第2页共8页4.按亲电加成反应活性大小排列的顺序是:()>()>()>()a.CH3CH=CHCH3b.CH2=CHClc.CH2=CHCH=CH2d.CH3C≡CCH35.下列化合物或离子中有芳香性的是:a.=OH+b.c.CH3Na+d.NNe.6.按SN1反应活性大小排列的顺序是:()>()>()>()a.(CH3)3CClb.Clc.CH2CH2Cld.CH3CH2CHCH3Cl7.按E2消除反应活性大小排列的顺序是:()>()>()a.H3CCH3BrH3CCH3BrH3CCH3Brb.c.8.按沸点由高到低排列的顺序是:()>()>()>()>()a.3–己醇b.正己烷c.2–甲基–2–戊醇d.正辛醇e.正己醇。9.按酸性由强到弱排列的顺序是:()>()>()>()>()a.COOHCOOHCOOHCOOHCH3BrNO2b.c.d.SO3Hf.10.按碳正离子稳定性由大到小排列的顺序是:()>()>()>()a.b.c.CH3CH=CHCH2+d.CH3CHCH2CH3+++三、完成下列反应(打“*”号者写出立体化学产物)(20分)1.CH3CH3CH3+HCl2.BrCH2CH2COCH3(CH2OH)2H+Mg乙醚①②CH3CHOH3O+①②3.KMnO4/H2O稀,冷CH3CH3*写出稳定构象4.CCH3CH2=NOHH+5.CH2=CHCH2CCH+CH3CH2OHKOH第3页共8页6.CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2BrAlBr3+7.CH3COCH2CH2CH3COCH2CH2dil.OH8.H5C6H3CC6H5BrHH+OHE2*9.C6H5CH2CH2COOHSOCl2AlCl3Zn-HgHCl10.*CCH3OHHn-C3H7SOCl211.OHOHPBr3OH12.SNO2Br2HOAc13.*CCOC6H5HCH3C6H5①②C6H5CH2MgBr/纯醚H3O+14.C2H5C2H5HHhν15.+COOCH3COOCH3四、用化学方法鉴别(5分)乙醛、丙烯醛、三甲基乙醛、异丙醇、丙烯醇、乙烯基乙醚第4页共8页五、写出下列反应的反应历程(15分)1.+Br2NaBr-H2OBrBrHHBrHHOH+2.OOCH3+COCH2=CHCH3EtONaEtOHOCH3OOH3.CH3CCH3H3CCH3CH3=CHCH2CH2CH=CHCH3CH3H+CCH2=六、合成题(20分)1.完成下列转化:CHCHCH3=(1)(2)CH3CH2CH2OHCH3CH2CH=CCH2OHCH3第5页共8页2.用三个碳以下的烯烃为原料(其它试剂任选)合成4-甲基-2-戊酮。3.以乙醇和苯为原料(其它试剂任选)合成3-苄基-2-戊醇。4.以甲苯为原料(其它试剂任选)合成间甲基苯胺。七、推导结构(10分)1.下列1H-NMR谱数据分别相当于分子式为C5H10O的下述化合物的哪一种?A.(CH3)3CCHOB.(CH3)2CHCOCH3C.CH3CH2CH2COCH3D.CH3CH2OCH2CH3E.(CH3)2CHCH2CHO(1)δ=1.02(二重峰),δ=2.13(单峰),δ=2.22(七重峰)相当于:。(2)δ=1.05(三重峰),δ=2.47(四重峰)相当于:。(3)二组单峰相当于:。2.某烃A(C4H8),在较低温度下与氯气作用生成B(C4H8Cl2);在较高的温度下作用则生成C(C4H7Cl)。C与NaOH水溶液作用生成D(C4H7OH),但与NaOH醇溶液作用却生成E(C4H6)。E与顺丁烯二酸酐反应生成F(C8H8O3)。试推断A~F的构造,并写出有关反应式。第6页共8页有机化学课程考试试题卷1参考答案及评分标准一、每小题1分(1×10)1.3,6–二甲基–4–丙基辛烷2.3–烯丙基环戊烯3.N–甲基–N–乙基环丁胺(或甲基乙基环丁胺)4.3–甲基戊二酸单乙酯5.7–甲基–4–苯乙烯基–3–辛醇6.(2Z,4R)-4–甲基–2–己烯CH3CH2CHCH2CH2COClNHCHO7.8.9.OCHOOCH2OHHOHOHOOCH310.二、每小题2分(2×10)1.亲电试剂是:a、b、e、h;亲核试剂是:c、d、f、g2.有对映体存在的是:b、da.OHCH(CH3)2H3Cb.FOHHHHH3.4.(c)>(a)>(d)>(b)5.有芳香性的是:a、c、d6.(a)>(d)>(c)>(b)7.(c)>(a)>(b)8.(d)>(e)>(a)>(c)>(b)9.(f)>(d)>(c)>(a)>(b)10.(a)>(c)>(d)>(b)三、每空1分(1×20)1.(CH3)2CHC(CH3)2Cl2.BrMgCH2CH2CCH3OO;CH3CCH2CH2CHCH3OOH第7页共8页3.OHOH4.CONHCH2CH35.=CH2CHCH2C=CH2OCH2CH36.CCH2CH3CH3CH37.CH3CH3O8.H5C6H3CC6H5HCC9.C6H5CH2CH2COCl;O;10.CCH3Hn-C3H7Cl11.OHBr;O12.SNO2Br;13.C6H5HCH3C6H5CCC6H5HCH3C6H5OHCH2C6H5或HOCH2C6H5或CH2C6H5C6H5OHC6H5HCH314.15.COOCH3COOCH3C2H5C2H5HHC2H5C2H5HH;四、5分五、每小题5分(3×5)1.BrBrHHBrHHOH2+BrBrδ+δ-BrBrδ+δ-Br+BrBr++H2O+H+BrHHOH2.OOCH3EtO(-EtOH)OOCH3COCH2=CHCH3OOCH3CH2CH=COCH3OOCH3CH2CH=COHCH3EtOH(-EtO)乙醛丙烯醛三甲基乙醛异丙醇丙烯醇乙烯基乙醚2,4–二硝基苯肼+黄↓+黄↓+黄↓---Br2/CCl4-+褪色--+褪色+褪色I2+NaOH+黄↓--+黄↓--金属Na---+↑+↑-第8页共8页OOCH3CH2CH2重排COCH3EtO(-EtOH)OOCH3CH2CH2COCH2OCH3OOEtOH(-EtO)OCH3OOH3.CH3CCH3=CHCH2CH2CH=CHCH3CH3H+δ+δCH3CCH3CHCH2CH2CH=CHCH3CH3+δ+δH3CCH3CH3CCH2=H3CCH3CH3CCH3+H+六、第1小题8分(2×4);第2~4小题每题4分(3×4)(1)1.CH3CH2COClAlCl3COCH2CH3①②LiAlH4H3O+H+,(-H2O)TM(2)CH3CH2CH2OHCrO3C5H5Ndil.OH-①②LiAlH4H3O+TM2.CH3CH=CH2O2/PdCl2,CuCl2或水合后再氧化CH3COCH3①②dil.OH-CH3CH3C=CHCCH3O(CH2OH)2H+H2/NiH3O+TM3.CH3CH2OHKMnO4/H+CH3CH2OHH+CH3COOC2H5①②EtONaH+CH3COCH2COOEtCH3CH2OHHClZnCl2CH3CH2Cl;C6H6(HCHO)3+HClZnCl2C6H5CH2ClCH3COCH2COOEt①②EtONaC6H5CH2Cl①②EtONaCH3CH2ClH2O/OH-①②H+H2/NiTM4.CH3HNO3H2SO4Fe+HCl(CH3CO)2OHNO3H2SO4H3O+NaNO2+HCl0~5C。H3PO2H2OTMFeHCl七、第1小题(3分);第2小题(7分)1.(1)相当于:B;(2)相当于:D;(3)相当于:A。2.CH3CH2CH=CH2Cl2Cl2低温高温CH3CH2CHCH2ClClCH3CHCH=CH2ClNaOHH2ONaOHalc.CH3CHCH=CH2OHCH3CH=CHCH2OH=CH2CH2=CHCH=CH2CH2=CHCH+OOOOOO(A)(B)(C)(D)(E)(F)
本文标题:有机化学课程考试试题卷1
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