新建必修七unit1基础知识

1Unit1Livingwell——好好生活1．adaptvt.使适应；改编①Afterenteringtheuniversity,everystudentmustadapttouniversitylife.进入大学后，每个学生都要适应大学生活。②Ittookhimawhiletoadapthimselftohisnewsurroundings.他过了好一阵子才适应新环境。[归纳拓展](4)adaptableadj.有适应能力的；可改编的adaptationn.适应；改编点拨：adapt≠adopt,adopt意为“收养，采纳”；注意拼写不同。I'msureshe'llcopewiththechangesverywell—she'sveryadaptable.我相信她会很妥善地应付这些变化——她适应能力很强。[运用提升]用适当的介词填空(1)Theplayisadapted________anovel.(2)Mosttoolshavebeenspeciallyadapted________usebydisabledpeople.(3)Whenyougotoanewcountry,youmustadaptyourself________newcustoms.2．absencen.缺席；不在某处(1)absenceofmind心不在焉intheabsenceofsb.(＝inone'sabsence)某人不在时intheabsenceof...在缺乏……的情况下absencefromschool缺课(2)absentadj.缺席的；不在的v.缺席；不参加；不在beabsentfrom不参加；缺席；不存在bepresentat出席；参加①Intheabsenceofanyfurtherevidencethepolicewereunabletosolvethemurder.由于缺乏更确实的证据，警方破不了这宗谋杀案。②Howmanystudentsareabsent(fromclass)today?今天有多少学生缺席？[运用提升]Therebeingnowitnessonthespot,thepoliceweredelayedbythe________ofinformationaboutthecrime.A．analysisB．disappearanceC．absenceD．consideration3．annoyvt.使……不悦；惹恼①Thesefliesareannoyingme.这些苍蝇使我烦恼。②Don'tannoyyourneighborsbysingingloudly.不要大声唱歌，以免打扰邻居。(1)beannoyedat/about因……而生气with对某人生气；对某人厌烦by被……惹恼(2)annoyancen.恼怒；烦恼；烦扰；不高兴；烦恼的事情annoyingadj.使人不高兴的；恼人的；烦人的annoyedadj.感到恼火的；觉得生气的①Iwasannoyedat/abouthisbadhabits.他的不良习惯使我生气。2②Theteacherwasannoyedwithhimforhisnaughtiness.他的顽皮使老师生气。③Myhusband'stalkingwithfullfoodinhismouthannoysme.Muchtomyannoyance,althoughIamannoyedwithhimabouthisannoyinghabit,hecan'tgetridofit.我的丈夫含着满嘴的食物说话使我很恼火。使我大为恼怒的是，尽管我因为他这令人生气的习惯对他很气愤，但是他就是改不掉这个毛病。[运用提升]—Whydoyoulooksoblue?—Myson'sbehaviorinschoolgreatly________me.A．punishedB．damagedC．annoyedD．disturbed4．conductn.行为；品行vt.指挥；管理；主持①Hisconductdisagreeswithhiswords.他言行不一。②Thecompanyconductedasurveytofindoutlocalreactiontotheirproducts.公司进行了一次调查以了解当地人对他们产品的反应。③Theguideconductedusonatouroftheoldestmuseuminthecountry.导游带我们浏览了这个国家最古老的博物馆。④Metalconductselectricity.金属导电。[运用提升]Somepeoplesaythattheparentsshouldexpectschoolto________theirchildrenwellandtellthemwhatis“right”and“wrong”．A．manageB．controlC．conductD．drive5．resignvi.&vt.辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)；放弃[归纳拓展](1)resignfrom辞去……职务resignassth.辞去当……的职务resignsb.to把某人托付给……(2)resignationn.辞职；辞呈handinone'sresignation递交辞呈①IfPaulresigns,whowillgetthejob?如果保罗辞职，谁会得到这份差事呢？②IresignmydaughtertothecareoftheState.我将女儿交给国家照顾。③Youmustresignyourselvestowaitingabitlonger.你们只好耐心多等一会儿。④Sheresignedfromthecommittee/resignedasamemberofthecommittee.她辞去了委员会(委员)的职务。⑤Hisfatherwillhandinhisresignation.他的父亲将要递交辞呈。[运用提升](1)She________________(辞去)theunionlastyear.(2)Pauleventually________________________(辞去了……的职务)asCEO.6．congratulatevt.祝贺；庆贺①Wecongratulatedhimonhisbirthday.我们为他庆祝生日。②Allowmetocongratulateyou.请允许我祝贺你。[运用提升]Thethreesistersdecidedtoholdafamilypartyto________theirparents'silverwedding.A．welcomeB．congratulateC．memorizeD．celebrate37．accessn．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性freeaccessto...免费使用……点拨：access前通常不加冠词，且access短语中的to为介词。①Disabledvisitorsarewelcome;thereisgoodwheelchairaccesstomostfacilities.欢迎残疾人士参观，坐轮椅可以方便地到达多数设施。②Studentsmusthaveaccesstogoodresources.学生必须有机会使用好的资源。③Thebooksareeasilyaccessibleasalltheshelvesareopen.所有的书架都是开敞式的，易于取拿阅读书籍。④Theaccesstothesuccessistomakegooduseoftheaccesstoeducation.通向成功的方法是好好利用受教育的机会。完成句子(1)Youcaneasilyget________________________(接近他)．(2)Heiseasyof________________(接近)．(3)Medicineshouldnotbekeptwhereitis________________(易接近的)children.8．cutout切去；省略；停止(做某事)①Shecuttheadvertisementoutofthenewspapersothatshewouldrememberit.她把广告从报纸上剪下来，以便记住它。②Pleasecutoutmyovercoataccordingtothispattern.请照这个式样裁剪我的大衣。③MydoctorsaysImustcutoutsmokingandstrongdrinks.我的医生说我必须戒烟和戒烈酒。[归纳拓展]cutinto插进来；参加(谈话)；打断(别人的话)cutoff切断；隔断；断绝cutin插入；插话；插队；超车cutdown砍倒；削减；压缩；缩减[运用提升]I'msickofyoutwoarguing—just________it______！A．cut;offB．cut;upC．cut;outD．cut;down9.inotherwords换句话说Inotherwords，therearenotmanypeoplelikeme.换句话说，像我这样的人并不多见。10．Justacceptthemforwhotheyare,andgivethemencouragementtoliveasrichandfullalifeasyoudo.接受他们，给予他们鼓励，让他们能像你一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满。“as＋形容词＋as”的结构是用来比较说明前后两者在某方面相同。例如：4①Ithinkthetemperaturetodayisashighasitwasyesterday.我觉得今天气温与昨天的一样高。②Look,amanwhosefaceisasblackascoaliscomingtowardsus.看，一个脸似煤炭般黑的人朝我们走过来了。[归纳拓展]这种结构有时也可以和形容词与名词连用，其中的形容词必须放在冠词之前，形成“as＋形容词＋a/an＋名词＋as”的结构。①Heisasgentleamanashisfather.他与他父亲一样和蔼。②Itisasclearadayasitwasyesterday.今天的天气与昨天的一样晴朗。[运用提升]Afterthenewequipmentwasintroduced,theyproduced________machinesthisyearastheyearbefore.A．astwicemanyB．asmanytwiceC．twiceasmanyD．twicemanyas11．Sometimes,too,Iwastooweaktogotoschoolsomyeducationsuffered.有时候我的身体太虚弱，上不了学，因此落下了很多功课。too...to...太……以至于不能……Shewastooexcitedtosayawordwhensheheardthenews.当她听到这个消息时激动地说不出话来。too...to...结构一般表示否定含义，意为“太……以至于不能……”。但too...to...在下列情况下却表示肯定含义：(1)当too前或to前有否定词构成双重否定时。Englishisnottoodifficulttolearn.英语并不太难学。(2)当too后是glad,pleased,happy,delighted,satisfied,ready,willing,kind,apt,good,true,easy,near,careful,well,early,delicious,eager,anxious等形容词或副词时。①Theyaretooanxioustoleave.他们急于离开。②Heistooreadytohelpothers.他总是乐于助人。③I'monlytoogladtoseeyou.见到你非常高兴。(3)与cannot连用时。Youcannotbetoocareful(＝Youcanneverbecarefulen