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精选45句托福阅读长难句翻译及词汇注释(涵盖部分句子简化题翻译)1.Thesamethinghappenstothisday,thoughonasmallerscale,whereverasediment(沉积物)-laden(装满的)riverorstreamemergesfromamountainvalleyontorelativelyflatland,droppingitsloadasthecurrentslows:thewaterusuallyspreadsoutfanwise,depositing(沉积)thesedimentintheformofasmooth,fan-shapedslope(斜面).虽然是较为小型的,但类似的事情也在当下发生,无论什么地方的、大量携带沉积物的河水或溪流从山谷中流至较为平坦的地带,都会随着流速的减慢会沉淀下它的携带物。河流通常以扇形蔓延,使沉积物以一种平滑的扇形斜面的形式沉积。2.Inlowlandcountryalmostanyspotonthegroundmayoverlie(躺在某上)whatwasoncethebedofariverthathassincebecomeburiedbysoil;iftheyarenowbelowthewater’suppersurface(thewatertable),thegravels(石子,砂砾)andsandsoftheformerriverbed,anditssandbars(沙洲,堤坝),willbesaturated(浸湿)withgroundwater.在地势较低的城市里,地面上几乎所有曾是河床的地方都被土壤掩埋。如果曾是河床的地方现在处于河流(的上表面)之下,旧时河床的石砾、沙子和沙洲就会被地表水浸湿。3.Butnotethatporosity(孔隙度)isnotthesameaspermeability(渗透率),whichmeasurestheeasewithwhichwatercanflowthroughamaterial;thisdependsonthesizesoftheindividualcavities(腔,洞)andthecrevices(裂缝,缺口)linkingthem.但是要注意的在测量水可以从一种材料间通过的轻松程度的时候,孔隙度并不等同于渗透率。这个要依材料中每个独立的洞和裂缝的大小而定。4.Ifthepores(毛孔,气孔)arelarge,thewaterinthemwillexistasdropstooheavyforsurfacetensiontohold,anditwilldrain(使液体流走)away;butiftheporesaresmallenough,thewaterinthemwillexistasthinfilms(薄膜),toolighttoovercometheforceofsurfacetensionholdingtheminplace;thenthewaterwillbefirmlyheld.如果气孔很大,其内部的水分会以滴的形式存在,水分会由于过重、不能被表面张力持住而流走。反之,如果气孔很小,其内部的水分会以薄膜的形式存在,水分太轻以至于不能克服固定它们的表面张力,因此水分就会被以膜的形式保留。5.Butthemythsthathavegrownuparoundtherites(隆重的仪式或典礼)maycontinueaspartofthegroup’soral(口头的;口述的)traditionandmayevencometobeactedoutunderconditionsdivorced(分离)fromtheserites.但是那些围绕着宗教仪式衍生的传说可能会以群体的口述习俗流传下去,甚至在一定条件下可以会表现得与那些宗教仪式分离。201502036.Another,advancedinthetwentiethcentury,suggeststhathumanshaveagiftforfantasy,throughwhichtheyseektoreshaperealityintomoresatisfyingformsthanthoseencountered(遇见)indailylife.在二十世纪进步的另外的一个,显示出人类有幻想的天赋,因为在人们追求把现实重塑成一种比日常生活中遇见的更令人满意的形式。7.Forexample,onesignofthisconditionistheappearanceofthecomicvision,sincecomedyrequiressufficientdetachment(派遣;客观)toviewsomedeviations(偏向;偏差)fromsocialnormsasridiculousratherthanasseriousthreatstothewelfare(福利)oftheentiregroup.举例来说,这个条件的标志之一便是幽默视角的出现,由于喜剧,对于整个群体的健康发展来说,需要足够的独立客观思考去把一些与社会正常的偏差看作是荒谬怪诞而不是严肃的威胁。8.Timberlinetreesarenormallyevergreens,suggestingthatthesehavesomeadvantageoverdeciduoustrees(thosethatlosetheirleaves)intheextremeenvironmentsoftheuppertimberline.树际线上的树通常是常绿林,显示出在树际线上端的极端环境下常绿林比落叶林更有优势。9.Thisisparticularlytruefortreesinthemiddleandupperlatitudes,whichtendtoattain(达到;实现)greaterheightsonridges(山脊),whereas(考虑到)inthetropicsthetreesreachtheirgreaterheightsinthevalleys.这点对于中纬和高纬的山脊上那些趋向于达到更大的高度的树木尤为正确,而在热带树木会在山谷中达到他们的巅峰。10.Asthesnowisdeeperandlastslongerinthevalleys,treestendtoattaingreaterheightsontheridges,eventhoughtheyaremoreexposedtohigh-velocity(迅速;快速)windsandpoor,thinsoilsthere.因为雪在山谷中会更深、留存的时间更长,所以树木倾向于在山脊上达到更大的高度,尽管他们需要暴露在凛冽的风里,扎根在浅薄贫瘠的土壤中。11.Windvelocity(速度;高速)alsoincreaseswithaltitudeandmaycauseseriousstressfortrees,asismadeevidentbythedeformed(畸形的)shapesathighaltitudes.风速也会随着海拔的升高而增大,并可能会给树木施加相当大的压力。显而易见,高海拔的地方树木会明显的畸形。12.Somescientistshaveproposed(提议,建议)thatthepresence(出席;存在)ofincreasinglevelsofultravioletlightwithelevationmayplayarole,whilebrowsingandgrazinganimalsliketheibex(巨角塔尔羊)maybeanothercontributingfactor.一些科学家指出出现紫外线等级提高或许是一个原因,而饲养放牧像巨角塔尔羊这样的动物可能是另外的有力原因。13.Probablythemostimportantenvironmentalfactoristemperature,forifthegrowingseasonistooshortandtemperaturesaretoolow,treeshoots(幼苗,新枝)andbuds(花蕾;嫩芽)cannotmaturesufficientlytosurvivethewintermonths.最重要的环境因素大概就是温度了,因为如果生长期过短并且温度过低,树木的幼枝和嫩芽不能充分生长来在冬季的月份存活。14.Immediatelyadjacent(相邻的;接近的)tothetimberline,thetundra(冻原,苔原)consistsof(组成)afairlycompletecoveroflow-lying(洼)shrubs,herbs,andgrasses,whilehigherupthenumberanddiversityofspeciesdecreaseuntilthereismuchbaregroundwithoccasionalmosses(藓;苔)andlichens(地衣)andsomeprostrate(伏地的;卧倒的)cushion(柔软如垫的)plants.在极为接近树际线的地方,是原先由几乎完全覆盖的灌木和草丛组成的冻原,随着海拔越高,植物的种类的数量和多样性就越会减少,直到出现只偶尔会有苔藓、地衣、以及一些伏倒的、柔软如垫的植物的大片不毛之地。15.Inorderforthestructuretoachievethesizeandstrengthnecessarytomeetitspurpose,architectureemploysmethodsofsupportthat,becausetheyarebasedonphysicallaws,havechangedlittlesincepeoplefirstdiscoveredthem-evenwhilebuildingmaterialshavechangeddramatically.为了使结构实现规模和承重都达到它用途的需求,由于建立在物理定律的基础上,建筑用于支撑的方法几乎从人们一开始发现就没有改变过,而建筑材料却在飞快地变化。16.Someoftheworld’sfineststonearchitecturecanbeseenintheruinsoftheancientInca(印加)cityofMachuPicchu(马丘比丘)highintheeasternAndesMountainsofPeru.一些世界最好的石质建筑可以在在秘鲁的安第斯山脉东侧马丘比丘这个古印加城市的废墟中看见。17.Itworksincompression(压缩)todivert(转移)theweightaboveitouttothesides,wheretheweightisborne(支撑)bytheverticalelementsoneithersideofthearch.它用压缩的方法来把它上面承受的重量转移到有垂直结构支撑的两边。18.TheOgallala(奥加拉拉)aquiferisasandstoneformation(形成物)thatunderliessome583,000squarekilometersoflandextendingfromnorthwesternTexastosouthernSouthDakota.奥加拉拉蓄水层是一个砂岩层,位于从德克萨斯州西北到南达科他州南部583000平方千米的土地下。19.Unfortunately,thecostofwaterobtainedthroughanyoftheseschemeswouldincreasepumpingcostsatleasttenfold,makingthecostofirrigatedagriculturalproductsfromtheregionuncompetitiveonthenationalandintern
本文标题:托福阅读精选45句长难句翻译
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