我国西部地区碳金融的发展水平探究

我国西部地区碳金融的发展水平探究摘要我国西部地区由西南区、西北区和内蒙古、广西共12个省级行政区组成，该区地域辽阔、自然资源丰富，战略位置重要。对比我国东、中部地区，西部地区经济发展相对落后，迫切需要推动经济快速发展。2014年西部地区共实现生产总值138073.5亿元，比上年净增加11465.7亿元，增长9.06%，占全国GDP的比重达到20.18%，与2011年相比提高了0.17个百分点，进一步缩小了与东部地区的经济落差。但是，西部地区明显具有高碳经济发展特征，相当一部分地区的经济增长是依靠开采资源拉动，这使西部成为了全国减排的重点地区。西部地区是我国的生态脆弱区，大部分区域属于国家限制开发区与禁止开发区，也是全球气候变化的“敏感区”，保护西部地区生态环境，减少西部地区经济发展碳排放，提升西部地区应对气候变化能力，实现西部地区从高能耗、高污染传统经济模式向低碳经济模式的转变，成为未来西部大开发的工作重心之一。此外，本文还通过构建面板模型研究了碳金融发展的影响因素。实证结果表明：2007-2009年，产业结构的调整、创新能力、清洁技术和政策激励对碳金融的发展有积极的影响，但不显著影响能源强度的变化对碳金融的发展，中国目前的碳金融发展通过影响产业结构的调整和政策影响很大。基于碳金融的发展在不同区域的面板，使东中西部碳金融发展水平不均衡：东部地区的碳金融发展水平的影响因素是产业结构调整的主要功能、技术创新激励政策，产业结构调整和政策激励是碳金融的发展东部地区高水平的主要因素。影响中部地区碳金融发展的主要因素是能源强度和清洁技术水平，而能源强度的变化是中部地区碳金融发展的主要驱动力。影响西部地区碳金融发展的主要因素是产业结构调整、科技创新能力和清洁技术水平。关键词：碳金融；低碳经济；层次分析法（AHP）；面板模型AbstractThewesternregionofChinaiscomposedof12provincialadministrativeregions,whicharesouthwest,northwestandInnerMongolia,Guangxi.ComparedwiththeeasternandcentralregionsofChina,theeconomicdevelopmentofthewesternregionisrelativelybackward,soitisurgenttopromotetherapideconomicdevelopment.Thewesternregionin2014toachieveatotalGDPof13trillionand807billion350millionyuanoverthepreviousyear,anetincreaseof1trillionand146billion570millionyuan,anincreaseof9.06%,accountingfortheproportionofGDPreached20.18%,comparedto2011increasedby0.17percentagepoints,tofurthernarrowtheeconomicgapwiththeeasternregion.However,thewesternregionhasobviouscharacteristicsofthedevelopmentofhighcarboneconomy,aconsiderablepartoftheregion'seconomicgrowthisdependentontheexploitationofresources,whichmakesthewesternregionhasbecomethefocusofemissionreduction.Thewesternregionistheecofragileregioninourcountry,mostoftheareabelongstothenationallimiteddevelopmentzoneandprohibiteddevelopmentzone,andglobalclimatechangesensitiveareastoprotecttheecologicalenvironmentinthewesternregion,theeconomicdevelopmentofthewesternregiontoreducetheemissionofcarbon,enhancetheabilityofregionalclimatechange,realizethetransformationfromhighenergyconsumptionandhighpollutionoftraditionaleconomymodetothemodeoflowcarboneconomyinthewesternregion,thewesterndevelopmenthasbecomeoneofthefocusoftheworkofthefuture.Inaddition,thispaperalsostudiesthefactorsaffectingthedevelopmentofcarbonfinancebybuildingpanelmodel.Theempiricalresultsshowthat:2007-2009years,theadjustmentofindustrialstructure,innovationability,cleantechnologyandpolicyincentiveshavepositiveimpactsonthedevelopmentofcarbonfinance,butnotsignificantlyaffectthechangeofenergyintensityonthedevelopmentofcarbonfinance,Chinacurrentcarbonfinancedevelopmentislargelyaffectedbytheadjustmentofindustrialstructureandpolicies.Basedonthedevelopmentofcarbonfinanceindifferentregionsofthepanel,itcausesEastMidwestcarbonfinancedevelopmentlevelisnotbalanced:theinfluencefactorsofcarbonfinancialdevelopmentleveloftheeasternregionisthemainfunctionoftheadjustmentofindustrialstructure,technologicalinnovationandincentivepolicy,theindustrialstructureadjustmentandpolicyincentivesarethemainfactorsineasternareaofthedevelopmentofcarbonfinancehighlevel.Themainfactorsthataffectthedevelopmentofcarbonfinanceinthecentralregionaretheintensityofenergyandthelevelofcleantechnology,andthechangeofenergyintensityisthemaindrivingforceforthedevelopmentofcarbonfinanceinthecentralregion.Themainfactorsthataffectthedevelopmentofcarbonfinanceinthewesternregionaretheindustrialstructureadjustment,thescientificandtechnologicalinnovationabilityandthecleantechnologylevel.KeyWords:PCarbonfinance;lowcarboneconomy;analytichierarchyprocess(AHP);panelmodel目录摘要.................................................................................................................................IAbstract............................................................................................................................II目录..............................................................................................................................4第1章绪论..................................................................................................................61.1研究背景..............................................................................................................61.2研究意义.............................................................................................................71.2.1理论意义.....................................................................................................71.2.2现实意义.....................................................................................................71.3国内外研究现状.................................................................................................71.3.1国外研究现状............................................................................................71.3.2国内研究现状..........................................................................................101.3.3国内外研究述评.......................................................................................141.4研究方法与创新点.........................................................................................151.4.1研究方法..........