现在分词作状语详解

Welcometomyclass现在分词作状语北京西藏中学潘辉文2008-7-1Leading-in测一测看一看Areyoufamiliarwiththesesentences?Readthemandtrytogetthemeaningofeachsentence.•1.FewvisitorsleaveRiofeelingdisappointed.•2.NotknowingmuchEnglish,Ifoundithardtounderstandthem.•3.Whilewalkingalongtheshore,wesawthatthewaterwasverydirty.•4.Beingtheheadofthevillage,heoftentellsthevillagerstoprotectthefarmland.•(chosenfromUnit15ofSeniorBookII)思考一下以上四句话中划线部分的用法以上四句话都属于现在分词作状语的用法，那么现在分词作状语有那些用法呢？DiscoveringProblemsSolvingProblems现在分词作状语的用法1.时间状语相当于when,while,after等引导的时间状语从句1.Hearingthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.=Whenheheardthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.2.HavingturnedofftheTV,hebegantodohishomework.3.Becarefulwhencrossingthestreet.=AfterheturnedofftheTV,hebegantodohishomework.=Becarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.4.Seeingthosepictures,hecouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedaysinTibet.5.Arrivingatthestation,hefoundthetrainwaslate.=Whenhesawthosepictures,hecouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedaysinTibet.=Whenhearrivedatthestation,hefoundthetrainwaslate.实践练习•完成学案中练习一Answers2.Hearingthebadnews,hefeltverysad.3.Arrivingatthestation,hefoundtheshopwasclosed.4.SeeingZhaXi,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofthehappydaysinTibet.5.Havingreceivedhisletter,Idecidedtowriteback.1.见黑板2.原因状语(相当于原因状语从句）1.Beingsoangry,hecouldn’tgotosleep.=Becausehewassoangry,hecouldn’tgotosleep.=BecauseIamateacher,Imustworkhard.=Becausehehadnotreceivedhisfather’sletter,hedecidedtotelephonehim.2.Nothavingreceivedhisfather’sletter,hedecidedtotelephonehim.3.Beingateacher,Imustworkhard.实践练习•完成学案中练习二Answers2.Beingtoonervous,hecouldn’tspeakaword.3.Beingastudent,Imuststudyhard.1.见黑板3.伴随状语(没有相应的状语从句可以转换，但可以转换成并列句）1.Theycameintotheclassroom,singingandlaughing.3.Hesatthereinsilence,consideringhowtosolvetheproblem.=Theycameintotheclassroomandtheysangandlaughed.2.Shesatinanoldchair,watchingTV.=ShesatinanoldchairandwatchedTV.=Hesatthereinsilenceandconsideredhowtosolvetheproblem.实践练习完成学案中练习三Answers2.Hewentoutoftheroom,singingasong./1.见黑板3.Hesatthereinsilence,consideringhowtoanswerthequestion.holdingabookinhishand.4.结果状语(可转化为结果状语从句）1.Igotuplatethismorning,notcatchingtheearlybus.2.Heshoutedinsuchaloudvoice,makingthegirlcry.=Igotuplatethismorning,soIdidn’tcatchtheearlybus.=Heshoutedinsuchaloudvoicethathemadethegirlcry.实践练习完成学案中练习四Answers1.见黑板2.Shetoldusamovingstory,makingallofuscry.3.Shereturnedhome,findinghisparentswerenotathome.findingthecameraonthedeskmissing.•学习了，实践了，问题解决了吗？•赶快来小试牛刀吧！高考点击1._____thatshewasgoingofftosleep,Iaskedifshe’dlikethatlittledollonherbed.(08北京卷24题）A.SeeingB.ToseeC.SeeD.Seen2.HeisastudentatOxforduniversity,_____foradegreeofcomputerscience.(07北京29题）A.studiedB.studyingC.tohavestudiedD.tobestudying3._____,themoreexpensivethecamera,thebetteritsquality.(07全国卷二17题）A．GeneralspeakingB．SpeakinggeneralC．GenerallyspeakingD．SpeakinggenerallyABc4.Thestormleft,_______alotofdamagetothisarea.(05全国二卷32题）A.causedB.tohavecausedC.tocauseD.havingcaused5.Don’tsitthere_____nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.(06湖北卷34题）A.doB.todoC.doingD.anddoing6.“Youcan’tcatchme！”Janeshouted,______away.(05全国二卷20题）A.runB.runningC.torunD.ran7.____withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.(06四川33题）A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.TofaceDCBATips•1.凡是见到havingdone,havingbeendone,都是“已经……”，或“动作分先后”。•2.记住下列常用短语•Judgingby/from根据……判断•Generallyspeaking一般说来•Speakingof谈到•Accordingto根据•Considering考虑到•Supposing假使，如果Summary1.现在分词作状语，可以表时间，原因，伴随，结果等，大部分可转化成相应的状语从句2.现在分词作状语，可放在句首或句尾。3.现在分词的否定式在前面加not4.状语从句要转化成现在分词作状语，其从句的主语和主句的主语必须保持一致，否则不能转化。PerfectWayofLearningEnglish•Showconfidence•Discoverproblems•Solveproblems•Remembermore•Practisemore•KeepwalkingHomework•1.Reviewthepointsandthesentencesinthehandout.•2.Finishthelastexerciseinthehandout.•3.PreviewtheV-edform.提出一个问题往往比解决一个问题更重要,所以我们要善于发现。解决问题就像战场上炸碉堡，所以要善于各个击破。•Thanksforyourtimeandpatience!转化时主语一致2.Whentheteachercamein,thestudentswerereading.1.Whenhearrivedatthestation,hefoundthetrainwaslate.hehe=Arrivingatthestation,hefoundthetrainwaslate.theteacherthestudents从句和主句主语不一致，不宜改成现在分词作状语•Optionone:过去分词分词包括现在分词和过去分词，区别:分词时间语态Doing进行主动Done完成被动•分词做状语的基本原则：分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。分词作状语时必须和句中主语有逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系，否则不能用分词作状语主谓关系用doing,动宾关系用done•例：•Youshouldbecarefulwhencrossingthestreet.(you与cross之间是主谓关系）•Givenenoughtime,hewilldothejobbetter.(he与give之间是动宾关系，所以用given)•Theteacherwaswipinghertears,surrounedbythestudentswhowouldgobackhome.(身边围着即将返回家的学生们，theteacher和surround是动宾关系）•1.Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons___fortheday.(07重庆25题）•A.finishingB.finished•C.hadfinishedD.wentfinished•2.____forthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.（06福建33）•A.BlamingB.Blamed•C.ToblameD.Tobeblamed练习•Optiontwo:独立分词结构•主句中主语与分词无主、被动关系时，在分词前加上主语。•句型：•N/Pron.+V-ing/V-ed…,S+V•S+V,N/Pron.+V-ing/V-ed…•Timepermitting,we’llvisitthePotalaPalacetomorrowaftrenoon.•Itbeingfine,theywentfishing.•Theycameintotheroom,handstied.