学术综合英语-罗立胜U3

mainUnit3Traffic2012PartASectionAPre-listening-BackgroundInformationPaceCarInmotorsport,apacecarorsafetycarisacarwhichlimitsthespeedofcompetingcarsonaracetrackinthecaseofacautionperiodsuchasanobstructiononthetrack.Duringacautionperiodthepacecarentersthetrackaheadoftheleader.Withfewexceptions,competitorsarenotallowedtopassthepacecarorothercompetitorsduringacautionperiod,andthepacecarleadsthefieldatapre-determinedsafespeed,Pre-listeningNewWordsandExpressionsBackgroundInformationPartAPartBListeningSectionAPre-listening-BackgroundInformationwhichmayvarybyseriesandcircuit.Attheendofthecautionperiod,thepacecarleavesthetrackandthecompetitorsmayresumeracing.Pre-listeningNewWordsandExpressionsBackgroundInformationPartAPartBListeningSectionAPre-listening-BackgroundInformationPre-listeningNewWordsandExpressionsBackgroundInformationPartAPartBListeningDrivingSimulatorDrivingSimulatorsareusedforentertainmentaswellasintrainingofdriver’seducationcoursestaughtineducationalinstitutionsandprivatebusinesses.Theyarealsousedforresearchpurposesintheareaofhumanfactorsandmedicalresearch,tomonitordriver’sbehavior,performance,andattentionandinthecarindustrytodesignandevaluatenewvehiclesornewadvanceddriverassistancesystems.SectionAtollbridgesmotorsport:acollectionofsportswhichprimarilyinvolvetheuseofmotorizedvehicles,suchasmotorcycleracing,truckracingandmotorboatracing.PartAPartBSectionAfueltaxadvanceddriverassistancesystem:asystemtohelpthedriverinitsdrivingprocess.WhendesignedwithasafeHuman-MachineInterface,itshouldincreasecarsafetyandmoregenerallyroadsafety.PartAPartBSectionA.NewWordsandExpressionsPre-listeningNewWordsandExpressionsBackgroundInformationPartAPartBListeningpacecarprescribedcoursedrivingsimulatorinebriatedrear-endingpickupspeedtheoverallflowoftrafficdriverperformancehands-freemodel领驶车规定车道驾驶模拟器喝醉的追尾加速整个车流量驾驶员行为免提式SectionAListenTask1Pre-listeningTask1ListenandTakeNotesTask2ListenforDetailsPartAPartBListeningAnewsreporterisgoingtogiveareportonaresearchstudyondrivingwhiletalkingonacellphone.SectionAListenTask1Listentothereportandtrytogetitsmainideasbytakingnotes.Fillintheblanksaccordingtoyournotes.Pre-listeningTask1ListenandTakeNotesTask2ListenforDetailsPartAPartBListening1.Whatisthisnewsreportabout?2.Whyisdrivingwhiletalkingonacellphoneworsethandrivingwhiledrunk?Thisnewsreportisaboutdrivingwhiletalkingonacellphone.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Becausetheresearchfindsthatthosetalkingonaphonearemoresluggishandslowerinreacting.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________SectionAListenTask1Pre-listeningTask1ListenandTakeNotesTask2ListenforDetailsPartAPartBListening3.Whoholdsthatdrivingwhiletalkingonacellphoneisworsethandrivingwhiledrunk?4.Whenwasthisstatementmade?TheresearchersattheUniversityofUtah,USA.________________________________________________________Inthesummerof2006.________________________________________________________SectionAListenTask1Pre-listeningTask1ListenandTakeNotesTask2ListenforDetailsPartAPartBListening5.Howwastheconclusionobtainedthatdrivingwhiletalkingonacellphoneisworsethandrivingwhiledrunk?Usingadrivingsimulator,theresearcherscompared40people’sdrivingabilitiesinthreegroups:onthephone,drunk,andwithnodistractions.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Task2.1Listentothereportagainandtrytoanswerthefollowingquestions.Pre-listeningListeningTask1ListenandTakeNotesTask2ListenforDetailsPartAPartB1.Howdangerousisdrivingwhiletalkingonthecellphoneaccordingtothereport?Itwillincreasethelikelihoodofanaccidentfive-fold.2.Inwhatwayisdrivingwhiletalkingonthephonedifferentfromdrivingwhiledrunk?Drunkdriversareaggressive,whilethosetalkingonthephonearemoresluggish.Task2.2Pre-listeningListeningTask1ListenandTakeNotesTask2ListenforDetailsPartAPartB3.Howmuchwilldrivingwhiletalkingonthephoneaffectthedriver?4.Whatisthegovernmentalresponsetodrivingwhileonthecellphone?Itwillreducethedriver’sreactiontimeby9percentinbrakingand19percentinpickingupspeedafterbraking.Somestateshavemadelawstoprohibittheuseofcellphoneswhiledriving.Task2.2Pre-listeningListeningTask1ListenandTakeNotesTask2ListenforDetailsPartAPartB5.Isthegovernmentallegislationeffectiveandwhy?Itisnoteffectivebecausethedriverswillusethehands-freemodel,whichisalsodangerous.ScriptPartAPartBDrivingWhileonaCellPhoneWorseThanDrivingWhileDrunk21:44:27EDTJune29,2006Thursday,June29－Maneuveringthroughtrafficwhiletalkingonthephoneincreasesthelikelihoodofanaccidentfive-foldandisactuallymoredangerousthandrivingdrunk,U.S.researchersreport.Thatfindingheldtruewhetherthedriverwasholdingacellphoneorusingahands-freedevice,theresearchersnoted.ScriptPartAPartB“Asasociety,wehaveagreedonnottoleratingtheriskassociatedwithdrunkdriving,”saidresearcherFrankDrews,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofUtah.“Thisstud