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当前位置:首页 > 中学教育 > 高中教育 > 山东省临沂市2015年中考数学试题(含答案)
-1-2015年临沂市初中学生学业考试试题数学一、选择题(本大题共14小题,每小题3分,共42分)1.12的绝对值是()(A)12.(B)12.(C)2.(D)2.2.如图,直线a∥b,∠1=60°,∠2=40°,则∠3等于()(A)40°.(B)60°.(C)80°.(D)100°.3.下列计算正确的是()(A)2242aaa.(B)2363()abab.(C)236aaa.(D)824aaa.4.某市6月份某周内每天的最高气温数据如下(单位:℃):24262926293229则这组数据的众数和中位数分别是()(A)29,29.(B)26,26.(C)26,29.(D)29,32.5.如图所示,该几何体的主视图是()(A)(B)(C)(D)6.不等式组2620xx,≤的解集,在数轴上表示正确的是()(A)(B)(C)(D)7.一天晚上,小丽在清洗两只颜色分别为粉色和白色的有盖茶杯时,突然停电了,小丽只好把杯盖和茶杯随机地搭配在一起.则其颜色搭配一致的概率是()(A)14.(B)12.(C)34.(D)1.-3-2-1012-3-2-1012ab132(第2题图)-3-2-1012-3-2-1012(第5题图)-2-8.如图A,B,C是Oe上的三个点,若100AOCo,则ABC等于()(A)50°.(B)80°.(C)100°.(D)130°.9.多项式2mxm与多项式221xx的公因式是()(A)1x.(B)1x.(C)21x.(D)21x.10.已知甲、乙两地相距20千米,汽车从甲地匀速行驶到乙地,则汽车行驶时间t(单位:小时)关于行驶速度v(单位:千米/小时)的函数关系式是()(A)20tv.(B)20tv.(C)20vt.(D)10tv.11.观察下列关于x的单项式,探究其规律:x,3x2,5x3,7x4,9x5,11x6,….按照上述规律,第2015个单项式是()(A)2015x2015.(B)4029x2014.(C)4029x2015.(D)4031x2015.12.如图,四边形ABCD为平行四边形,延长AD到E,使DE=AD,连接EB,EC,DB.添加一个条件,不能..使四边形DBCE成为矩形的是()(A)AB=BE.(B)BE⊥DC.(C)∠ADB=90°.(D)CE⊥DE.13.要将抛物线223yxx平移后得到抛物线2yx,下列平移方法正确的是()(A)向左平移1个单位,再向上平移2个单位.(B)向左平移1个单位,再向下平移2个单位.(C)向右平移1个单位,再向上平移2个单位.(D)向右平移1个单位,再向下平移2个单位.14.在平面直角坐标系中,直线y=-x+2与反比例函数1yx的图象有唯一公共点.若直线yxb与反比例函数1yx的图象有2个公共点,则b的取值范围是()(A)b﹥2.(B)-2﹤b﹤2.(C)b﹥2或b﹤-2.(D)b﹤-2.二、填空题(本大题共5小题,每小题3分,共15分)15.比较大小:2_______3(填“﹤”,“=”,“﹥”).16.计算:2422aaaa____________.17.如图,在YABCD中,连接BD,ADBD,4AB,3sin4A,则YABCD的面积是________.OABC(第8题图)ADECB(第12题图)(第14题图)xyO22BCDA-3-18.如图,在△ABC中,BD,CE分别是边AC,AB上的中线,BD与CE相交于点O,则OBOD_________.19.定义:给定关于x的函数y,对于该函数图象上任意两点(x1,y1),(x2,y2),当x1﹤x2时,都有y1﹤y2,称该函数为增函数.根据以上定义,可以判断下面所给的函数中,是增函数的有______________(填上所有正确答案的序号).①y=2x;②y=x+1;③y=x2(x>0);④1yx.三、解答题(本大题共7小题,共63分)20.(本小题满分7分)计算:(321)(321).21.(本小题满分7分)“保护环境,人人有责”,为了了解某市的空气质量情况,某校环保兴趣小组,随机抽取了2014年内该市若干天的空气质量情况作为样本进行统计,绘制了如图所示的条形统计图和扇形统计图(部分信息未给出).请你根据图中提供的信息,解答下列问题:(1)补全条形统计图;(2)估计该市这一年(365天)空气质量达到“优”和“良”的总天数;(3)计算随机选取这一年内的某一天,空气质量是“优”的概率.(第21题图)某市若干天空气质量情况扇形统计图轻微污染轻度污染中度污染重度污染良优5%某市若干天空气质量情况条形统计图363024181260优良天数空气质量类别重度污染轻微污染轻度污染中度污染1236321OBCDEA-4-22.(本小题满分7分)小强从自己家的阳台上,看一栋楼顶部的仰角为30°,看这栋楼底部的俯角为60°,小强家与这栋楼的水平距离为42m,这栋楼有多高?23.(本小题满分9分)如图,点O为Rt△ABC斜边AB上的一点,以OA为半径的⊙O与BC切于点D,与AC交于点E,连接AD.(1)求证:AD平分∠BAC;(2)若∠BAC=60°,OA=2,求阴影部分的面积(结果保留).24.(本小题满分9分)新农村社区改造中,有一部分楼盘要对外销售.某楼盘共23层,销售价格如下:第八层楼房售价为4000元/米2,从第八层起每上升一层,每平方米的售价提高50元;反之,楼层每下降一层,每平方米的售价降低30元,已知该楼盘每套楼房面积均为120米2.若购买者一次性付清所有房款,开发商有两种优惠方案:方案一:降价8%,另外每套楼房赠送a元装修基金;方案二:降价10%,没有其他赠送.(1)请写出售价y(元/米2)与楼层x(1≤x≤23,x取整数)之间的函数关系式;(2)老王要购买第十六层的一套楼房,若他一次性付清购房款,请帮他计算哪种优惠方案更加合算.CABDαβ(第22题图)BCEAOD(第23题图)-5-25.(本小题满分11分)如图1,在正方形ABCD的外侧,作两个等边三角形ADE和DCF,连接AF,BE.(1)请判断:AF与BE的数量关系是,位置关系是;(2)如图2,若将条件“两个等边三角形ADE和DCF”变为“两个等腰三角形ADE和DCF,且EA=ED=FD=FC”,第(1)问中的结论是否仍然成立?请作出判断并给予证明;(3)若三角形ADE和DCF为一般三角形,且AE=DF,ED=FC,第(1)问中的结论都能成立吗?请直接写出你的判断.26.(本小题满分13分)在平面直角坐标系中,O为原点,直线y=-2x-1与y轴交于点A,与直线y=-x交于点B,点B关于原点的对称点为点C.(1)求过A,B,C三点的抛物线的解析式;(2)P为抛物线上一点,它关于原点的对称点为Q.①当四边形PBQC为菱形时,求点P的坐标;②若点P的横坐标为t(-1<t<1),当t为何值时,四边形PBQC面积最大,并说明理由.BAEFCD图1备用图BACD图2BAECDF(第26题图)OxyACB21yxyx-6-参考答案及评分标准一、选择题(每小题3分,共42分)题号1234567891011121314答案ACBADCBDABCBDC二、填空题(每小题3分,共15分)15.;16.2aa;17.37;18.2;19.①③.三、解答题20.解:方法一:(321)(321)=[3(21)][3(21)]·············································1分=22(3)(21)······························································3分3(2221)······························································5分32221·································································6分22.············································································7分方法二:(321)(321)22(3)323123(2)21131211·········3分363622321··················································5分22.·····························································································7分21.解:(1)图形补充正确.······································································2分某市若干天空气质量情况条形统计图363024181260优良天数空气质量类别重度污染轻微污染轻度污染中度污染12363216-7-(2)方法一:由(1)知样本容量是60,∴该市2014年(365天)空气质量达到“优”、“良”的总天数约为:123636529260(天).··········································································5分方法二:由(1)知样本容量是60,∴该市2014年(365天)空气质量达到“优”的天数约为:123657360(天).·················································································3分该市2014年(365天)空气质量达到“良”的天数约为:3636521960(天).···············································································4分∴该市2014年(365天)空气质量达到“优”、“良”的总天数约为:73+219=292(天).···················································································5分(3)随机选取2014年内某一天,空气质量是“优”的概率为:121.605··································································································7分22.解:如图,α=30°,β=60°,AD=42.∵tanBDAD,tanCDAD,∴BD=AD·tanα=42×tan30°=42×33=143.·····························3分CD=ADtanβ=42×tan60°=423.·········································6分∴BC=BD+CD=143+423=563(m).因此,这栋楼高为563m.·········································································7分23.(1)证明:连接OD.∵BC是⊙O的切线,D为切点,∴OD⊥BC.···································1分又∵AC⊥BC,BCEAODCABDαβ-8-∴OD∥AC,·································2分∴∠ADO=∠CAD.·········
本文标题:山东省临沂市2015年中考数学试题(含答案)
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