金融英语常见词汇

金融英语常见词汇宏观经济的macroeconomic通货膨胀inflation破产insolvency有偿还债务能力的solvent合同contract汇率exchangerate紧缩信贷tightencreditcreation私营部门privatesector财政管理机构fiscalauthorities宽松的财政政策slackfiscalpolicy税法taxbill财政publicfinance财政部theMinistryofFinance平衡预算balancedbudget继承税inheritancetax货币主义者monetariest增值税VAT(valueaddedtax)收入revenue总需求aggregatedemand货币化monetization赤字deficit经济不景气recessionaperiodwhentheeconomyofacountryisnotsuccessful,businessconditionsarebad,industrialproductionandtradeareatalowlevelandthereisalotofunemployment经济好转turnabout复苏recovery成本推进型costpush货币供应moneysupply生产率productivity劳动力laborforce实际工资realwages成本推进式通货膨胀cost-pushinflation需求拉动式通货膨胀demand-pullinflation双位数通货膨胀double-digitinflation极度通货膨胀hyperinflation长期通货膨胀chronicinflation治理通货膨胀tofightinflation最终目标ultimategoal坏的影响adverseeffect担保ensure贴现discount萧条的sluggish认购subscribeto支票帐户checkingaccount货币控制工具instrumentsofmonetrycontrol借据IOUs(Ioweyou)本票promissorynotes货币总监controllerofthecurrency拖收系统collectionsystem支票清算或结算checkclearing资金划拨transferoffunds可以相信的证明credentials改革fashion被缠住entangled货币联盟MonetaryUnion再购协议repo精明的讨价还价交易horse-trading欧元euro公共债务membershipcriteria汇率机制REM储备货币reservecurrency劳动密集型labor-intensive股票交易所bourse竞争领先frontrun牛市bullmarket非凡的牛市aragingbull规模经济scaleeconomcies买方出价与卖方要价之间的差价bid-askspreads期货（股票）futures经济商行brokeragefirm回报率rateofreturn股票equities违约default现金外流cashdrains经济人佣金brokeragefee存款单CD(certificateofdeposit)营业额turnover资本市场capitalmarket布雷顿森林体系TheBrettonWoodsSystem经常帐户currentaccount套利者arbitrager远期汇率forwardexchangerate即期汇率spotrate实际利率realinterestrates货币政策工具toolsofmonetarypolicy银行倒闭bankfailures跨国公司MNC(Multi-NationalCorporation)商业银行commercialbank商业票据comercialpaper利润profit本票，期票promissorynotes监督tomonitor佣金（经济人）commissionbrokers套期保值hedge有价证券平衡理论portfoliobalancetheory外汇储备foreignexchangereserves固定汇率fixedexchangerate浮动汇率floating/flexibleexchangerate货币选择权（期货）currencyoption套利arbitrage合约价exerciseprice远期升水forwardpremium多头买升buyinglong空头卖跌sellingshort按市价订购股票marketorder股票经纪人stockbroker国际货币基金theIMF七国集团theG-7监督surveillance同业拆借市场interbankmarket可兑换性convertibility软通货softcurrency限制restriction交易transaction充分需求adequatedemand短期外债shorttermexternaldebt汇率机制exchangerateregime直接标价directquotes资本流动性mobilityofcapital赤字deficit本国货币domesticcurrency外汇交易市场foreignexchangemarket国际储备internationalreserve利率interestrate资产assets国际收支balanceofpayments贸易差额balanceoftrade繁荣boom债券bond资本captial资本支出captialexpenditures商品commodities商品交易所commodityexchange期货合同commodityfuturescontract普通股票commonstock联合大企业conglomerate货币贬值currencydevaluation通货紧缩deflation折旧depreciation贴现率discountrate归个人支配的收入disposablepersonalincome从业人员employedperson汇率exchangerate财政年度fiscalyear自由企业freeenterprise国民生产总值grossantionalproduct库存inventory劳动力人数laborforce债务liabilities市场经济marketeconomy合并merger货币收入moneyincome跨国公司MultinationalCorproation个人收入personalincome优先股票preferredstock价格收益比率price-earningratio优惠贷款利率primerate利润profit回报returnoninvestment使货币升值revaluation薪水salary季节性调整seasonaladjustment关税tariff失业人员unemployedperson效用utility价值value工资wages工资价格螺旋上升wage-pricespiral收益yield补偿贸易compensatorytrade,compensateddeal储蓄银行savingbanks欧洲联盟theEuropeanUnion单一的实体asingleentity抵押贷款mortgagelending业主产权owner'sequity普通股commonstock无形资产intangibleassets收益表incomestatement营业开支operatingexpenses行政开支administrativeexpenses现金收支一览表statementofcashflow贸易中的存货inventory收益proceeds投资银行investmentbank机构投资者institutionalinvestor垄断兼并委员会MMC招标发行issuebytender定向发行introduction代销offerforsale直销placing公开发行publicissue信贷额度creditline国际债券internationalbonds欧洲货币Eurocurrency利差interestmargin以所借的钱作抵押所获之贷款leveragedloan权利股发行rightsissues净收入比例结合netincomegearingFixedRateLoan固定利率贷款Aloaninwhichtheinterestratewillremainthesameduringthetermoftheloanorspecifiedperiod.在贷款期间或确定期间利率保持不变的贷款。BorrowingLimit借款额度Themaximumamountabankiswillingtoloanaborrower.银行愿意贷款给借方的上限。VariableRateLoan可变利率贷款Aloaninwhichtheinterestrateisadjustedperiodicallyduringthetermoftheloanbasedonapre-selectedindexandtimeadjustment.利率在贷款期间按照预先确定的指标和时间不时调整的贷款。Guarantee保证Toacceptresponsibilityforrepaymentobligationsunderaloancontractiftheborrowerisunabletomeettheloanobligations.如果借方不能履行还款义务，保证承担贷款合同下的还款义务。Security担保Assetspledgedbyaborrowertosecurealoanorothercredit,andsubjecttoseizureintheeventofdefault.借方用来担保贷款或其他信贷的资产，银行在违约时可以就这些资产变现所得价款优先受偿。CreditStandingCertificate资信证明Arecordofacustomer’spastborrowingandrepayingbehavior.Itwillalsoshowcreditlinescurrentlyinthecustomer’sname.客户以往借贷和还款行为的记录。它还显示目前客户的信用级别。InterestOffsetAccount利息抵消账户Asavingsaccountattachedtotheloanearningthesameinterestrateastheloan.Anyfundsintheaccountreducetheloaninterestpaid.附于贷款的储蓄账户，其利率与贷款利率相同。该账户中的资金将减少应付贷款利息。MortgageAloantofinancethepurchaseofrealestate,usuallywithspecifiedpaymentperiodsandinterestrates.按揭用于提供房地产买卖融资的贷款，通常有确定的还贷期间和利率