基于BS的在线考试系统的分析与实现

1基于B/S的在线考试系统的设计与实现软件工程科目随着计算机与互联网的飞速发展，信息技术逐渐应用于各个科目。在教育科目中，各种教务系统，教学管理系统，网上教学平台等相继出现。但考试系统相对较少，且功能不完善。本文给出了一个基于Ｊａｖａ与ＭｙＳＱＬ的稳定高效的Ｂ／Ｓ架构的在线考试系统ＰＳＷＥｘａｍ。该系统允许教师管理一个题库并可自动手动组题。系统除了允许学生进行参加考试之外，还允许学生使用系统进行平时测试和日常练习。有别于其他系统，该系统还为允许题目与知识点进行关联，使学生在平时测试和练习时可以以此巩固知识点。系统同样还可以统计学生做错一道题的次数，进而掌握学生对知识点的掌握情况。可以说这是一套兼具日常学习和最终考核的一套完善的学习和考试系统。该系统使用ＳｐｒｉｎｇＭＶＣ使数据与视图分离，使项目在以后遇到更换界面需求时易于修改和维护。ＳｐｒｉｎｇＭＶＣ提供了便利的Ａｃｔｉｏｎ标注机制，在开发过程中不需要配置繁杂的XML文件，为项目开发提供了便利。系统使用ｉＢａｔｉｓ做数据持久化层。iBatis使用简单，性能优良，避免了业务逻辑代码中出现大量的ＳＱＬ，为以后的维护提供了方便。相比同类类库，使用ｉＢａｔｉｓ为系统带来了优良的性能。因为控制层涉及大量视图相关的代码，所以从控制层中提取出业务逻辑相关代码构成了业务逻辑层（或称服务层）。系统使用Ｂｏｏｔｓｔｒａｐ作为前端类库，该类库与同类类库相比具有高效、美观、自适应等优良特性。系统使用Ｓｐｒｉｎｇ的ＩｏＣ机制管理对象之间的依赖，进一步提高了系统的可扩展性。系统代码管理上采用了Ｍａｖｅｎ管理项目的依赖，使得项目的配置和基于B/S的在线考试系统的设计与实现2编译变得简单。系统的测试采取了黑盒测试和白盒测试相结合的方式，白盒测试使用了ＪＵｎｉｔ等自动化测试工具，对逻辑较复杂的特定方法进行测试。使用黑盒测试的方法对系统的用户注册、登陆、用户列表、用户的禁用与启用，试题库中的试题添加、试题列表、试题修改、试卷管理中的构建试卷、试卷列表、试卷修改、开始考试、考试成绩与报表计算等功能进行了详尽的测试，并在文中给出了测试截图。测试表明，系统已实现了需求分析中对项目需求的相关定义和要求。总之，文中给出的系统具备优良的架构，使用了高效的源代码管理工具，使用了目前开源社区较修行的若干相关技术。这种设计和开源工具为系统带来了高效、稳定、美观等特性。关键词：B/S架构SpringiBatis1DesignandImplementationofOnlineExaminationSystembasedonB/SArchitectureSoftwareEngineeringWiththerapiddevelopmentofcomputerandInternet,informationtechnologyhasbeenappliedinvariousfields.Inthefieldofeducation,allkindsofeducationalsystem,teachingmanagementsystem,onlineteachingplatformappearedinsuccession.Buttheexaminationsystemisrelativelyless,andthefunctionisnotperfect.ThispaperproposesanonlineexamsystembasedonJava,MySQLandB/Sarchitecturewhichisstableandefficient.Thesystemallowstheteacherstomanagesetsofproblems.Comparedwithothersystems,thesystemalsoassociatetheknowledgepointsandproblems.Sothatstudentcanuseitinusualpracticeandsimulatedtesttoconsolidatetheknowledgepoint.Thesystemalsocountthewrongnumberofastudenttoaquestion,andgraspthequalificationofstudenttoquestion.Itcanbesaidthatthisisasystemofboththedailystudyandfinalevaluation.ThesystemusesSpringMVCtomaketheseparationofdataandview,andmaketheprojecteasytomodifyandmaintaininthefuturedevelopment.SpringMVCprovidesaconvenientActionannotationmechanism,whichneednoconfigurationofcomplexXMLdocumentinthedevelopmentprocess.SystemusesiBatisasthedatapersistencelayer.IBatisissimpletouse,excellentinperformance.WithIBatisalargenumberofSQLisavoidinbusinesslogiccode,it基于B/S的在线考试系统的设计与实现2providesaconvenientmaintenanceforthefuture.Comparedtothesimilarclasslibraries,iBatisgivesexcellentperformance.Thecontrollayerrelatestomanycodesthatviewdependent,soweextractbusinesslogiclayer(orsocalledservicelayer)fromcontrollayer.ThesystemusesBootstrapasthefrontendlibrary.Comparedtosimilarlibraries,TheBootstraphastheadvantagesofhighefficiency,excellentcharacteristicssuchasappearance,andadaptive.ThesystemuseSpringIoctomechanicthedependenceofobjects,withimprovethescalabilityofthesystem.ThesystemuseMaventomanagementthedependenceofopensourcelibraries,whichmaketheconfigurationandcompilationsimpler.Thecombinationofblackboxtestingandwhiteboxtestingisusedtotestthesystem.WeuseJUnittoactthewhiteboxtestingtomakesurethespecialcomplexlogicisworkwell.Weuseblackboxtestingtotestuserregistration,login,userlist,enableanddisableofuser,andtesttheaddition,listing,modificationofquestions.Wealsotestthecreating,listing,modificationofexampaperandtesting,testscoresandreportingoftest.Wegivethetestscreensnapoftesinginthispaper.Thetestesshowthatthesystemhasimplementtheneedsthatdefinedinneedsandrequirementsanalysis.Inaword,thesystempresentedinthispaperhasanexcellentarchitecture,useanefficientsourcecodemanagementtool,usemanyrelevanttechnologieswhichareopensource.Thisdesignandopensourcetoolsbringefficient,stable,beautifulcharacteristicsforthesystem.KeyWords：B/SArchitectureSpringIBatis基于B/S的在线考试系统的设计与实现1目录1综述................................................11.1设计背景.............................................................................................................................11.2系统设计目的.....................................................................................................................11.3论文结构.............................................................................................................................22相关技术与框架......................................32.1C/S架构与B/S架构.........................................................................................................32.2MVC架构与SpringMVC..................................................................................................42.3数据持久化与HibernatevsiBATIS...........................................................................102.4控制反转与SpringIoC.................................................................................................142.5面向切面与SpringAOP.................................................................................................162.6依赖管理与Maven...........................................................................................................172.7数据库与MySQL...............................................................................................................182.8JSP容器与Tomcat.................