基于单片机AT89S51的交通灯设计

摘要I摘要本系统由单片机系统、键盘、LED显示、交通灯演示系统组成。系统包括人行道、左转、右转、以及基本的交通灯功能。系统除基本的交通灯功能外，还具有倒计时、时间设置、紧急情况处理、分时阶调整信号灯的点亮时间以及根据具体情况手动控制等功能。随着社会经济的发展，城市交通问题越来越引起人们的关注。人、车、路三者关系的协调，已经成为交通管理部门需要解决的重要问题之一。城市交通控制系统是用于城市交通数据监测、交通信号灯控制与交通疏导的计算机综合管理系统，它是现代城市交通监控系统中最重要的组成部分。交通信号灯控制方式有很多。本系统采用美国ATMEL公司生产的单片机AT89S51，以及其它芯片来设计交通灯控制。设计了一种基于AT89S51单片机芯片的交通信号灯控制系统。该系统除具有交通灯控制功能外，增加了现场实时控制及交通信号灯故障检测功能，提高了交通灯的智能化、可靠性和实用性，可有效提高交叉口的通行能力，减缓交通要道的行车压力。关键字：单片机交通灯AT89S51ABSTRACTIIABSTRACTThissystemiscomposedofsingle-chipmicrocomputersystem,keyboard,LEDdisplay,trafficlightdemonstrationsystem.Thesystemincludessidewalks,leftturn,rightturn,aswellasbasictrafficlightsfunction.Systeminadditiontothebasicfunctionofthetrafficlights,butalsohasacountdown,timesetting,emergencytreatment,timetoadjustthetimingofthesignallamplighttimeandaccordingtothespecificcircumstancesofthemanualcontrolandotherfunctions.Withthedevelopmentofsocialeconomy,theurbantrafficproblemhasdrawnmoreandmoreattention.Man,car,road,thecoordinationofthethreerelations,hasbecomeoneoftheimportantissuestobeaddressedinthetrafficmanagementdepartment.Urbantrafficcontrolsystemisacomputerintegratedmanagementsystemforurbantrafficdatamonitoring,trafficsignalcontrolandtrafficguidance,anditisthemostimportantpartofmodernurbantrafficcontrolsystem.Therearemanywaystocontrolthetrafficlights.ThissystemproducedbyAmericaATMELcompanyAT89S51microcontroller,andotherchiptodesignthecontroloftrafficlights.ThedesignofacontrolsystemoftrafficlightsbasedonAT89S51singlechip.Thesystemexceptwithtrafficlightcontrolfunction,anincreaseofon-sitereal-timecontrolandtrafficsignallampfaultdetectionfunction,improvethetrafficlightsoftheintelligence,reliabilityandpracticability,andcaneffectivelyimprovethetrafficcapacityofintersectionsandeasetrafficpressureonroads.KeyWords:officesTrafficlightofsinglechipmicrocomputer目录III目录第1章引言.................................................................................................................51.1交通灯的研究背景及意义.......................................................................................51.2交通灯国内外发展状况...........................................................................................51.3交通灯控制系统设计意义.......................................................................................6第2章总体方案设计.................................................................................................72.1设计任务...................................................................................................................72.2设计方案...................................................................................................................72.3设计目的.................................................................................................................10第3章系统硬件电路的设计....................................................................................113.1单片机简介..............................................................................................................113.1.1AT89S51芯片........................................................................................................113.1.2AT89S51的引脚功能...........................................................................................123.1.3单片机的发展趋势..............................................................................................133.2系统构成.................................................................................................................143.3外围硬件电路设计.................................................................................................153.3.1数码管显示模块..................................................................................................153.3.2复位电路模块......................................................................................................173.3.3外部晶振时钟电路设计......................................................................................173.3.4显示模块电路设计..............................................................................................183.4交通灯控制线路图.................................................................................................203.5实物图.....................................................................................................................21第4章交通信号灯控制系统程序编制......................................错误!未定义书签。4.1软件设计应用环境.................................................................................................224.2延时的设定.............................................................................................................244.2.1定时器..................................................................................................................244.2.2实现1秒的方法..................................................................................................254.2.3相应程序代码......................................................................................................254.3程序的主控制循环调用.........................................................................................27目录IV4.4对现有程序的扩充....................................................