英语倒装句讲解

(倒装句)InversionInversionSheisanicegirl.英语句子的语序英语句子的自然语序：英语句子的倒装结构:主语在前，谓语动词在后谓语动词放在主语之前自然语序Issheanicegirl?倒装语序naturalorderinvertedorder完全倒装半倒装fullinversionpartialinversion*完全倒装：*部分倒装：全部谓语放在主语之前只把助动词（have/do/be）,情态动词或连系动词放在主语之前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语之后____________________英语倒装句分为两种：Thereisatableintheroom.Whydidyoudoit?Canyoutellthefollowing?完全倒装部分倒装一、完全倒装1.在there,here引导的句子中，谓语是be,exist,live,lie等表示状态的不及物动词。Thereisnobodyintheclassroom.Thereseemssomethingwrongwithmyradio.Therestandsatempleonthetopofthemountain.2、在there,here引导的句子中,谓语动词用come,go,follow,enter,rush,occur(发生)等。Theregoesthebell.Therehappenedaneventlastweek.Herecomesyourhusband.注意主语是人称代词时，则不需倒装。Herehecomes.Hereitis.3、副词now,then,thus（因此，如此）引导的句子里，谓语come,follow,begin,end,be等．Nowcomesyourturn!Thenfollowedanothershotofgun.Thusendedthemeeting.4.in,out,down,up,over,away,off,back,below等副词作状语置于句首时，谓语常用动词有come,go,rush,等不及物动词。Upandupgotheprices.Offwentthehorses.Downcamethebrownwaves!但如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。Backtheyfought.（fightback还击）Upitflew.5、地点状语提前，为了保持句子平衡且谓语是be,stand,sit,lie,come等动词时。Oneverypieceofpaperwasapictureofahorse.Fromaspeakeronthewallcomesthedoctor’svoice.Onthegroundlayagoat.Amanwaslockedbehindthedoor.(He)Behindthedoorwaslockedaman.Agirlissingingoverthere.（She）Singingoverthereisagirl.6、在直接引语全部或部分置于句首时，引用动词和它的主语（名词）往往要倒装。“You’vemadegreatprogressthisterm.”saidtheteacher.“Tom”,saidhisfather,“Youshouldn’tmakefriendswithsuchboys!”注意：1)主语是代词时，倒装不倒装都可以。“Whereareyougoing?”Askedhe.(Heasked.)2)引用动词另有宾语时，即使主语是名词也不倒装。“Whydidn’tyoujoinus!”Ourmonitoraskedus.7、谓语是be,表语提前时，整个句子需倒装。Happyishewhodevotedhimselftothecauseofcommunism.SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asinglemanofgreatachievements.二、部分倒装1、在以so,nor,neither开头的句子里。(…也是;…也不是）AfishcanswimandsocanI.Igetupatsevenandsodoesmybrother.Hedidn’tdoitandneitherdidI.Hedidn’tsmoke,nordidhedrink.１）如果后一个句子只是单纯的重复前面句子的意思，则不倒装.（…确实是）--Itishottoday.--Soitis.--Hefinisheditontime.--Sohedid.注意：２）如按照别人的意思做了什么事，so也不用倒装(…某人照办了）Theteacheraskedmetoreadlouder,andIdidso.3)当前面的句子中主语、谓语或肯否定形式不同时，则用soitiswith….句型来表示。Tomlikessinging,buthedoesn'tlikedancing.SoitiswithMary.Tomiscleverandhestudieshard.SoitiswithMary.2、在疑问句里。DoyouhaveanEnglishclasseveryday?Whatdidthetwocheatspretendtobedoing?3、在不带if的虚拟条件从句中。(=Ifheshouldbeinterestedinthissubject,hemightworkhardatit.)Shouldhebeinterestedinthissubject,hemightworkhardatit.HadIknowntheanswer,Ishouldhavetoldyou.(=IfIhadknowntheanswer,Ishouldhavetoldyou.)never,hardly,scarcely几乎不，仅仅，决不seldom,little,barely仅够，几乎没有rarely不常，很少nowhere无处，到处都无bynomeans决不innocase,atnotime决不not…untilhardly(scarcely)…when,nosooner….than(一…..就)4.在否定或半否定词放句首表示强调时，部分倒装。NeverbeforehaveImethim.HardlydidIthinkitpossible.Seldomdidtheboyreadnewspaper.RarelydoIdreamofseeingsuchwonderfulscenery（风景，景色）.直到妈妈回来她才知道真相。Shedidn'tknowthetruthuntilmomcameback.Notuntilmomcamebackdidsheknowthetruth.他一进房子就开始下雨了。Hardlyhadheenteredthehousewhenitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadtheyenteredthehousethanitbegantorain.1)当上述单词不提前时，则不倒装。Iseldomreadnewspaperbefore.Hehadhardlyfinishedhishomeworkwhenthelightwentout.注意2)当这些词作形容词修饰主语时且置句首时，句子不倒装。Littleworkwasdoneyesterday.5.Neither..nor连接的两个句子都要倒装；notonly…butalso连接的两个句子时，notonly后面的句子要倒装,butalso不倒装1)Neitherhashecalledonher,norwillhedoso.2)Notonlyshallwelearnfrombooks,butalsoweshouldlearnfrompractice.6.当so(such)...that...结构中的so或such位于句首时,构成部分倒装句。Sobusyisthedentistthathehasnotimetospare.7.only位于句首,修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时,要用部分倒装。注意:only修饰状语从句时,主句中倒装,从句中不倒装;only修饰的不是状语时,则不用倒装语序。Onlytheteacherscancomein.only+Prep.phrase时间副词When--clause+助动词+主语+谓语OnlyyesterdaydidheleaveforTokyo.Onlywhenhecamebackcouldweknowtheresults.他只有昨天动身去东京。只有当他回来时我们才能知道结果。主句从句Onlyinthiswaycanweworkoutthemathproblem.只有用这种方式我们才能算出这道数学题。Exercises1.ontheothersideofthefence__________.(A)amanstoodwithblackhair(B)hadamanwithblackhair(C)stoodamanwithblackhair(D)wereamanwithblackhairExercises2.Nowhere____________tobefound.(A)canthemissingbook(B)isthemissingbook(C)themissingbookis(D)themissingbookcanExercises3.atthegate___________.(A)waitingthebeggar(B)waitedthebeggar(C)thebeggarwaiting(D)didthebeggarwaitExercises4.Anorderwasgiven,and___________.(A)awaytheydashed(B)awaydashedthey(C)awaydashedthem(D)dashedtheyawayExercises5.Hardlyhadsheseenherhusband__________.(A)when(B)than(C)as(D)that6.Notonly__________apromise,buthealsokeptit.(A)didhemade(B)hemade(C)didhemake(D)hemakesExercises7.__________succeedindoinganything.(A)Onlybyworkinghardwecan(B)Byonlyworkinghardwecan(C)Onlybyworkinghardcanwe(D)OnlywecanbyworkinghardExercises3.atthegate___________.(A)waitingthebeggar(B)waitedthebeggar(C)thebeggarwaiting(D)didthebeggarwaitExercises3.atthegate___________.(A)waitingthebeggar(B)waitedthebeggar(C)thebeggarwaiting(D)didthebeggarwaitExercises3.atthegate___________.(A)waitingthebeggar(B)waitedthebeggar(C)thebeggarwaiting(D)didthebeggarwaitExercises3.atthegate___________.(A)waitingthebeggar(B)waitedthebeggar(C)thebeggarwaiting(D)didthebeggarwait