英语著名诗歌赏析

英语名诗赏析Farewell,LoveSirThomasWyatt(1503~1542)Farwell,Love,andallthylawsforever,Thybaitedhooksshalltanglemenomore;SenecandPlatocallmefromthylore,Toperfectwealthmywitfortoendeavor,InblinderrorthenIdidpersever,Thysharprepulse,thatprickthayesosore,HathtaoughtmetosetintriflesnostoreAndscapeforthsincelibertyisleverThereforefarewell,gotroubleyoungerhearts,AndinmeclaimnomoreauthorityWithidleyouthgousethyproperty,Andthereinspendthymanybrittledarts,ForhithertothoughIhavelostallmytime,Melustethnolongerrottenboughstoclimb.·注释：1.thy:your“Thy”and“thine”arebotholduses.Thyarethepossessiveformsof“thou”and“thee”.Thereflexiveformof“thy”is“thyself”.2.thybaitedhooksshalltanglemenomore:此处“baitedhooks”是比喻，诗人把爱情比作放上诱饵的钩，人一量上钩便被缠住难以脱身（tangle）.3.Senecandplatocallmefromthylore,Toperfectwealthmywitfortoendeavor:I.e.“senec”(Seneca,theRomanmoralphilosopherandtragedian)andplatocallmetoeducatemymindtoperfectwell-being(wealth)塞尼卡和柏拉图教我教育自己的心灵，使自己的身心臻于完美4.Iblind…lever:whenIdidpreserverinblinderror,thysharprepuls,thatprickethayesosore,hathtaugntmetosetnostoreintriflesandescapeforthsincelibertyislever:当我盲目地一错再错，你尖刻的拒绝，总是深深地刺痛我的心教训我不要再为这无聊的琐碎小事伤心，而是从中挣脱出来，因为更可贵。Persever:persevere;pricketh:pricks;aye:always(olduse);lever:morepleasing5.Andthereinspendthymanybrittledarts:让你那尖刻的伤害在年轻人那里显身手吧6.Melustethnolongerrottenboughstoclimb:Icarenolongertoclimbrottenboughs.Melusteth:Icaretoclimbrottenboughs:攀登已腐烂的树枝，此处诗人把追求爱情比喻为攀登已腐烂的树枝，含义是：它浪费时间，且徒劳无功。Sonnet75EdmundSpenser(1552-1599)OnedayIwrotehernameuponthestrand,Butcamethewavesandwasheditaway;AgayneIwroteitwithasecondhand,Butcamethetyde,andmademypayneshispray.“Vayneman,”,saidshe,“thatdoesinvainassay,”Amortalthingsotoimmortalize.ForImyselveshalllyketothisdecay,Andeekmynamebeewipedoutlykewize.”“NotI”,quodI,“letbaderthigsdevize,”Todyindust,butyoushalllivebyfame;Myverseyourvirtuesrareshalleternize,Andintheheavenswryteyourgloriousname.Wherewhenasdeathshallallthewordsubdew,Ourloveshalllive,andlaterliferenew.·注释1.strand:beach2.Agayne:again3.Mademypayneshispray:使我的心血和努力白费。Pray:preytyde:tide4.Thatdoestinvaineassay:Thatdoesattemptinvain.作徒劳无功的努力。Doest=doesassay:attempt5.Formyselveshallyketothisdecay:因为我自己也要经历这一腐朽，败落的过程。Myselve:myselflyke:like6.eek:also7.likewise:likewise同样的8.quod:quoth=said9.devise:contrive图谋10.myverseyourvirtuesrareshalleternize=myverseshalleternizeyourrarevirtues:我的诗歌将使你罕见的美德永恒11.wryte:write12.deathshallalltheworldsubsew=deathshallsubdewalltheworld.Subdew:subdue使屈服，征服EdmundSpenser(1552-1599)OnedayIwrotehernameuponthestrand,Butcamethewavesandwasheditaway;AgayneIwroteitwithasecondhand,Butcamethetyde,andmademypayneshispray.那天海滩上，书写她名字波浪几冲击，刷洗无痕迹我换另一手，再次又书写海潮涨又退，掳我苦痛去THEFIRSTSNOWThefirstsnowcame.Howbeautifulitwas,fallingsosilentlyalldaylong,allnightlong,onthemountains,onthemeadows,ontheroofsof(1)theliving,onthegravesofthedead!Allwhitesavetheriver,thatmarkeditscoursebyawindingblacklineacrossthelandscape;andtheleaflesstrees,thatagainsttheleadenskynowrevealedmorefullythewonderfulbeautyandintricaciesoftheirbranches.Whatsilence,too,camewiththesnow,andwhatseclusion!Everysoundwasmuffled,everynoisechangedtosomethingsoftandmusical.Nomoretrampinghoofs,nomorerattlingwheels!Onlythechimingofthesleigh-bells,beatingasswiftandmerrilyastheheartsofchildren.(1)theliving:活着的人；thedead:死去的人。形容词（有时是分词）前面加上定冠词the表示具有某一特性的一类人。(2)Allwhite=Allwaswhite,省略句。(3)save:除……以外，介词。(4)markeditscourse:标示出它所经过的路线。(5)againsttheleadensky:在铅灰色天空的衬托下。(6)intricacies:这里指树枝的缠结交错。(7)wasmuffled:(声音)被压抑而变得低沉。(8)beating...astheleartsofchildren=beating...astheleartsofchildrenbeat,这个被省略的beat作（心脏）搏动解，前面那个beating指铃儿的碰击。初雪初雪飘临。多么美啊！它整日整夜那么静静地飘着，落在山岭上，落在草地上，落在世人的屋顶上，落在死者的坟墓上！在一片白茫茫之中，只须河流在美丽的画面上划出一道曲曲弯弯的黑线；还有那叶儿落净的树木，映衬着铅灰色的天空，此刻更显得枝丫交错，姿态万千。初雪飘落时，是何等的宁谧，何等的幽静！一切声响都趋沉寂，一切噪音都化作柔和的音乐。再也听不见马碲得得，再也听不见车轮辚辚！唯有雪橇的铃铛，奏出和谐的乐声，那明快欢乐的节拍犹如孩子们心房的搏致动。WilliamShakespear（1564~1616）Nomorebegrievedatthatthouhastdone:Roseshavethorns,andsilverfountainsmud.Cloudsandeclipsesstainbothmoonandsun,Andloathsomecankerlivesinsweetestbud.Allmenmakefaults,andevenIinthis,Authorizingthytrespasswithcompare,Myselfcorrupting,salvingthyamiss,Excusingthysinsmorethanthysinsare;FortothysensualfaultIbringinsense—Thyadversepartyisthyadvocate—And’gainstmyselfalawfulpleacommence.Suchcivilwarisinmyloveandhate,ThatIanaccessoryneedsmustbeTothatsweetthiefwhichsourlyrobsfromme.·注释1.grieved:痛苦；难过2.andsilverfountainsmud:andsilverfountainshavemud3.eclipses:[天]食4.stain:dim使变得阴暗；使失去光泽5.canker:roseworm一种伤害植物芽和叶的害虫6.bud:蓓蕾7.andevenIinthis:甚至我也在为你的过错辩护的同时犯了错误。This指的是以下诗人的种种做法。8.trespass:冒犯；违规9.myselfcorrupting,salvingthyamiss:玷污我自己，来减轻你的罪过here“corrupt”means“tomakemorallybad.”“amiss”此处用作名词，意为“过错”10.sense:reason11.Thyadversepartyisthyadvocate:你的原告变成了你的辩护士。“thyadverseparty”指的是“我”即最初对你的错误提出批语的人。“adverseparty”:敌对的一方。Advocate:辩护者，诗人的含义是：最初我想批评你的过失，但后来逐渐站到了你的一边，因为我已经逐渐原谅了你。12.And’gainstmyselfalawfulpleacommence:=Andcommencealawfulpleaagainstme.我对你起诉，反而把自己出卖，意为“我”原谅了你的过失，因而也就违反了我原先的本意。Plea:[古]诉讼commence:开始。13.suchcivilwarisinmyloveandhate:爱和憎老在我自己的心中作斗争。即“我”的情感变化不定。一会儿原谅爱人，从而爱的情感占了上风；一会儿又追究爱人的过失，从而恨的情感占了上风。14.accessory(to