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非谓语动词第一、二、三课时一、学情分析非谓语动词在英语学习当中占了很大的比例,而学生时常不能很好地处理该部分知识点,经常分不清是什么是谓语,什么是非谓语,更搞不清楚什么时候该用谓语,什么时候该用非谓语;其中过去分词和现在分词的用法尤为混乱,不能很好地判断何种情况该用现分,何种情况该用过分;非谓语动词的相关练习做得不够多,综合运用能力较低。二、教学目标1.知识与技能A.了解非谓语的种类及构成;B.学习各种非谓语动词的主要用法;C.能够在语篇中正确完成非谓语动词的相关练习。2.过程与方法A.举例法B.演示法C.类比法D.图解法3.情感态度与价值观A.培养学生的规范语言表达;B.让学生体会语言的灵活多变。三、教学重、难点1.非谓语动词的种类及其用法;2.语篇中非谓语动词的正确使用;四、渗透法制教育五、教学过程Beforeclass:(先学任务)一、写出你所知道的非谓语动词的结构。基本类型:1.todo2.v-ing4.v-ed二、用所给动词的适当的非谓语形式填空。1.Havingatripabroadisgoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains________(see)whethertheywillenjoyit.答案tobeseen2.Lifeisajourney________(fill)withhardships,joysandspecialmoments.答案filled3.Nowadayspeopleseparatetheirwastetomakeiteasierforit________(reuse).答案tobereused4.________(try)outdifferentideas,wearenowgettingclosertotheanswer.答案Havingtried5.Hedidn'tkeeponaskingmethetimeanylongerashehadhadhiswatch________(repair).答案repairedDuringclass:Step1:warmingup&leadin1.Checkstudents’assignmentandintroducewhattheywilllearninthisclass.2.ShowthesentencesandpicturesonthePPT.1)Toseeistobelieve.2)Theteacherwentintotheclassroom,followedbyhisstudents.3)Themansatunderthemoonlight,missinghishometown.4)Seeingisbelieving.3.非谓语动词的种类和基本用法。Step2:动词不定式用法一、不定式的语法意义:1.不定式一般式:表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,或者发生在它的后面;Iheardhersing.(唱和听见同时发生)IexpecttocomebacknextSunday.(“回来”发生在“预计”之后)2.不定式完成式:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前;Hepretendedtohavereviewedhislessons.Iamgladtohavemetyoubefore.形式对比项目动词不定式(todo)动名词(doing)现在分词(doing)过去分词(done)意义相当于名词、形容词、副词,往往有将来意味相当于名词,指经常性、习惯性的动作相当于形容词、副词,往往有现在意味相当于形容词、副词,本身兼有被动、完成意义充当句子成分主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语、状语主语、宾语、表语、定语表语、宾补、定语、状语表语、宾补、定语、状语形式主动一般式tododoingdoingdone被动式tobedonebeingdonebeingdone主动完成式tohavedonehavingdonehavingdone被动完成式tohavebeendonehavingbeendonehavingbeendone否定式在上述各种非谓语动词形式之前直接加not主动形式被动形式一般式todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone进行式tobedoing无完成进行式tohavebeendoing无3.不定式进行式:表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生;Sheseemstobewaitingforsomebody.Whenhecametoseeme,Ihappenedtobetakingabath.4.不定式完成进行式:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前,并延续到那个时候,可能仍在进行;Sheissaidtohavebeenwaitinganovelthisyear.Sheseemedtohavebeenworkingonadifficultmathsproblem.5.主动语态:一般表示主动的意义,但有时也可以表示被动意义;TheybegantolearnJapaneselastwinter.Somestarsaretoofartosee.(=tobeseen)6.被动语态:表示被动的意义;Thecompositioncontestistobeheldnextmonth.Sheisanxioustobeinvitedtotheball.二、不定式的句法功能:1.作主语:一般表示具体的某次动作。1)不定式作主语时,谓语用单数:Todosuchthingsisfoolish.2)主系表结构:Toseeistobelieve.3)当主语较长,谓语较短时,常用it做形式主语,将不定式放到谓语的后面。常用于下列结构中:(1)Itis/was+adj.+(ofsb.)todo…(如good/kind/nice/clever/foolish/selfish…)(2)Itis+adj.+(forsb.)+todo…(如easy/difficult/hard//unwise/possible/necessary…)(3)Itis+a/an+名词+todo...(如apity/ashame/apleasure/one’sduty/anhonor…)(4)Ittakes(sb.)sometime/courage/patience…todo…(5)Itrequirescourage/patience/hardwork…todo…2.作表语:常表示将来的动作或状态。Herwishistobecomealawyer.3.作宾语:ask,agree,care,choose,demand,decide,expect,fail,help,hope,learn,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wish等只能用动词不定式作宾语。注意:1.某些及物动词可用-ing也可用动词不定式作宾语但意义不同stop/goon/remember/forget/regret/try/mean….2.某些及物动词think,believe,consider,feel,find,make等后常用it作形式宾语。4.作定语:当不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时,要用主动表被动。XiaoLiisaverynicepersontoworkwith.Hewantsyoutobehisassistant.Thepenisverynicetowrite.(用主动表被动)5.作状语:表示目的、结果、原因和情况,不定式的逻辑主语通常是全句的主语;Tomakealiving,hehadtoworkfrommorningtotillnight.(目的)6.作宾语补足语:宾语是不定式的逻辑主语,不定式在表示知觉的动词和使役动词后,不用to,在动词help后to可用可不用。这些动词有see,hear,feel,watch,notice;have,make,let等。但如果句子是被动语态,则to不可省略。Heaskedmetohelphim.Sheusuallyhelpedhermother(to)washclothesonSundays.7.同位语:Isthisyourpurpose,toavoidbeingpunished?8.独立成分:Totellyouthetruth,Idon’tlikeyou.类似的有:tobefrank坦率地说,tocutalongstoryshort长话短说,等等。三、不定式的其他用法1.“疑问词+不定式”结构,不定式可以和who,whom,whose,what,which,when,how,where,whether等连用,构成动词不定式短语,在句子中起名词作用,可作主语,宾语,表语等成分。Wheretogohasnotbeendecided.(主语)Wedon’tknowwhattodonext.(宾语)2.“形容词+不定式”结构,部分形容词可后接不定式,与句子主语在逻辑上构成主谓关系,这类形容词多是表示思想感情的,如,eager,sure,glad,lucky等。Iamgladtohearthenews.Sheissorrytohavemissedtheshow.3.不定式的省略:1)表示感觉的动词(see,watch,listento,lookat等)后作宾语补足语时,to可省略;2)使役动词make,let,have后;3)help后可省,可保留,被动语态要保留to;4)两个不定式并列时,保留第一个,其余省略;5)hadbetter,wouldrather…than,cannotbut,donothingbut等后可省略to.当堂导练一:用括号中动词不定式的适当形式填空。1.It’sanhonourforme__________(ask)todeliveraspeechatthemeeting.2.Wefoundthem___________(work)hardallthetime.3.Idon’tlikemyself_________(praise)likethat.4.Shewasglad__________(give)achancetovisitthisbeautifulcity.5.Iamsorry_______(keep)youwaitingsolong.6.Thispoemissaid________(translate)intoEnglishalready.7.Aftergraduationheasked________(send)toworkinthecountryside.8.Thecomputerisdifficult_________(control).9.Shehasaslightheadachenow.Sheseems_________(catch)acold.10.Iamgoingtohavetheorphan_____________(live)withmesoon.11.Theydidnothingbut_______(play)bridgethewholeday.12.Wefailed_______(get)him________(come)totheparty.13.WhatI’dlike________(do)firstis_______(read)today’snewspaper.14.Whois______(blame)?15.Thedogought________(feed)hoursago.16.Whathewantsis_________(notinterrupt)whileheisspeaking.17.Thebooksarenotallowed_________(take)outoftheroom.18.Hepreferredtodieratherthan_________(give)in.References:1.tobeasked2.tobeworking3.tobepraised4.toha
本文标题:非谓语动词教案(--第一、二、三课时)
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