吉林市2014届高考英语阅读理解一轮(暑假)训练题(4)及答案

吉林市2014高考英语阅读理解一轮（暑假）训练题（4）及答案（南京市高三第一次模拟考试）Environmentalistssaidourplanetwasdoomedtodie.Nowonemansaystheyarewrong.Everyoneknowstheplanetisinbadshape,thunderedamagazinearticlelastyear.Species（物种）arebeingdriventodieoutatrecordrates,andtheriversaresopoisonousthatfisharefloatingonthesurface,dead.Butthere'sagrowingbeliefthatwhateveryonetakesforgrantediswrong:thingsareactuallygettingbetter.Anewbookisabouttooverturnourmostbasicassumptionsabouttheworld'senvironment.Rivers,seas,rainandtheatmosphereareallgettingcleaner.Thetotalamountofforestsintheworldisnotdeclining.TheSkepticalEnvironmentalistbyBjornLomborg,professorofstatisticsattheUniversityofAarhusinDenmark,isanattackonthemisleadingclaimsofenvironmentalgroups,andthebadnewsculturethatmakespeoplebelieveeverythingisgettingworse.Nowtheattacksareincreasinglycoiningfromleft-wingenvironmentalistssuchasLomborg,aformermemberofGreenpeace.Theaccusationisthat,althoughtheenvironmentisimproving,greengroups—withprofitsofhundredsofmil-lionsofpoundsayear—areusingscaretactics(谋略)togaindonations.Lomborg'sbookdoesn'tdenyglobalwarming—probablythebiggestenvironmentalthreat—butdestroysalmosteveryotherenvironmentalclaimwithmanyofficialstatistics.TheWorldwatchInstituteclaimsthatdeforestationhasbeenacceleratingoverthelast30years.ButLomborgsaysthatissimplyrubbish.Sincethedawnofagriculturetheworldhaslostabout20percentofitsforestcover,butinrecentdecadestheforestarea'sdepletinghascometoastop.AccordingtoUNfigures,theareaofforestshasremainedalmoststeady,atabout30percentoftotallandarea,sincethe1940s.ForestsincountriessuchastheUS,theUKandCanadahaveactuallybeenexpandingoverthepast40years.DespiteallthewarningstheAmazonrainforesthasonlyshrunk（缩小）byabout15percent.Norareallourspeciesdyingout.Somecampaignersclaimthat50percentofallspecieswillhavediedoutwithin50years.Butotherstudiesshowonly0.08percentofspeciesaredyingouteachyear.Conservationeffortshavebeensuccessful.Whalesarenolongerthreatenedandthebaldeagleisofftheendangeredlist.Environmentalgroupsclaimthatmanyoftheimprovementsaretheresultsofthesuccessoftheircampaigns.StephenTindale,directorofGreenpeaceUK,said,Thereareimportantexamples,suchasacidrainandozone,wherethingsaren'tasbadaspredicted,andthat'sbecausebehaviorhaschanged.(1)Inhisbook,TheSkepticalEnvironmentalist,whatisLomborg'smainargument?A．Ourplanetisinbadshape.B．Theworld'senvironmentisimproving.C．Thetotalamountofforestsintheworldisnotdeclining.D．Conservationeffortshavebeensuccessful.(2)WhatisLomborg'smainaccusationofenvironmentalists?[来源:Zxxk.Com]A．Theyscaredpeopleintomakingdonations.B．Theyoverturnedourbasicassumptionsabouttheworld'senvironment.C．Theychangedtheirbehaviortowardtheenvironment.D．Theyonlytoldpeoplebadnewsabouttheenvironment.(3)TheunderlinedworddepletinginParagraph5isclosestinmeaningto____.A．reducingB．limitingC．expandingD．accelerating(4)Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A．Thetotalareaofforestsintheworldhasincreasedsignificantly.B．Theeffectsofglobalwarmingarenotasbadasfirstexpected.C．Itappearsthatthebaldeaglewillnowsurvive.D．Inthelast50yearsthenumberofwhaleshasincreased.【解析】“环境一直在变坏，我们的星球末日将要来临”，这是环保主义者们发出的警告，然而Lomborg的新书却提出了完全相反的观点，他批驳了环保主义者们耸人听闻的言论。(1)B本题考查细节理解。根据文章第一段与第三段可知Lomborg在TheSkepticalEnvironmentalist中的观点(argument)是环境状况正在改善，因此选项B正确，C项只是他观点的一部分，不全面，故排除。(2)A本题考查细节理解。根据文章第四段中的第二句话可知Lomborg指责环保主义者们利用恐吓手段让人们捐款。(3)A本题考查猜测词义。第五段Lomborg通过一些数据反驳了TheWorldwatchInstitute的观点deforestationhasbeenaccelerationoverthelast30years，Lomborg认为在最近几十年森林面积的缩小已经停止，因此选择reducing。(4)C本题考查细节判断。根据文章倒数第二段中的Whalesarenolongerthreatenedandthebaldeagleisofftheendangeredlist可知秃鹰已经不属于濒危的物种了，由此可知C项正确。**********************************************************结束7、（浙江省温州市2011年高三第一次适应性测试）RentalsNYC.East7lstStreet，Lexington／Park.$1，850；sunny，furnishedstudioapartmentinNewYorkCity，availableforlong-termrental.Infoandphotos，e-mail：[e-mail]：Florence，PiazzaS.Croce，2BR，largekitchen，livingroom，twobathrooms，fullyequipped，1.700permonth.Forphotosanddetails，[e-mail]—Florence&Todi，Italy.3bedrooms，fireplaces，garden，breathtakingviews，parking.Tel.／fax：[phone]；e-mail：[e-mail]eeksExchange：houseinLondon(Highgate)forNYCapartment，toaccommodatetwo.September-November，[e-mail]—Meetsinglebookloverswhovaluegreenliving，naturalhealth，personalgrowth，spirituality.，established1970.Findsingleswhoenjoyreading，books，artsandculture.，inGeneva，havinganelegantinternationallevelofpersonalassistance，bothinFrenchandEnglish，withgoodcomputerknowledge，[e-mail](心理治疗)ChildandFamilyTherapistoffershelptomakelifeathomehappierandmoreharmonious.VisitRosaleen(Rusty)Hornat(212)799-0695.WebsitesGlobalWarming：thetruth.It’sthehardtruth：we’redone.：somewherebetweentheseminarroomandthepub，wetalkliteraturefromsurprisingangl