医学英语复习资料1

第1页请注意：（以下2点可放在资料整理的开头，作为医学英语构词法的灵魂）1.连接性元音只有4个，即-a-,-o-,-y-,-i-.2.在记忆各个构词形、前缀、后缀的基础上，熟悉一下规律便可正确拼写出医学词汇，不必死记硬背。（1）当后面接的构词形或后缀以辅音字母开头时，前面的连接性元音要保留（2）当后面接的构词形或后缀以元音字母开头时，前面的连接性元音要删除Chapter1HumanBodyasaWhole——朱丽军整理构词形、前缀、后缀意思术语意思adren/oadrenalgland（肾上腺）Adren/al(形容词后缀)肾上腺的Adrena/line(…素)肾上腺素Adrenal/itis(….炎)肾上腺炎-alPertainingto(与…有关)Medic/al(医学)医学的Bi/ologi/cal(生物)【ology】学生物学的Chemi/cal(化学)化学的-arPertainingto（与….有关）Vascul/ar(血管)血管的Cell/ular(细胞)细胞的Molecul/ar(分子)分子的bi/oLife(生物生命)Bio/medic/al(医学，的)生命医学的Bi/ology(学)生物学Bio/physic/cal(生物，物理)生物物理的cardioHeart(心脏)Cardi/ology(….学)心脏学Cardi/opathy(病)心脏疾病Cardio/gram(记录)心动描记曲线Chrom/oColor(色)Chromo/somes(体)染色体Chromat/oColor(色)Chromat/in(物质)染色质Chromate/plasm(浆)色素质crin/oSecrete(分泌)Endo/crin/ology(内，学)内分泌学crino/genic（促…的）促分泌的Crin/ology(学)分泌学-cyteCell(细胞)Erythro/cyte(红)红细胞leuko/cyte(白)白细胞Lympho/cyte(淋巴)淋巴细胞cyt/oCell(细胞)cyt/ology(…学)细胞学cyto/chemistry(化学)细胞化学cyto/bi/ology(生物，….学)细胞生物学Embry/oEmbryo(胚胎)Embry/ology(….学)胚胎学Embry/oma(肿瘤)胚胎瘤Embry/opath/ology(病，学)胚胎病理学EndoInner（内）Endo/crin/ology(分泌，学)内分泌学Endo/cardi/al(心，…的)心内的Endo/cellul/ar(分子，…的)分子内的第2页Epi-Above(上)Epi/theial(凸起)上皮的Epi/derm/ic(皮，…的)表皮的Epi/dermat/itis(皮肤，炎症)表皮炎Erythr/oRed(红色)Erythro/cyte(细胞)红细胞Erythro/cyto/meter(细胞，计数)红细胞计数器Erythro/gene/sis(产生，病态)红细胞发生Ex-Out（外，出）Ex/hale(呼吸)呼气Ex/pand(广泛)扩展Ex/pale(驱使)驱逐-genSththatproducedandproducesPatho/gen(原)病原Oxy/gen(氧)氧气Nitro/gen(氮)氮气Hemat/ohem/oBlood(血)Hemat/ology(…学)血液学Hemo/globin(蛋白)血红蛋白Hemo/cyte（细胞）血细胞Hist/oTissue(组织)Hist/ology(…学)组织学Histo/path/ology(病，学)组织病理学Histo/therapy(治疗)组织治疗法-icPertainingto(与…有关)Bas/ic（基地）基本的Tox/ic(毒)毒的Symptomat/ic（症状）症状的Immun/oProtection/safe(免疫)Immune/ology(学)免疫学Immune免疫Immuno/deficiency（缺陷）免疫缺陷-ine-inSubstance（素）Adrenal/ine（肾上腺）肾上腺素Insulin【insulu/o】（胰岛）胰岛素Ur/in【ur/o】尿尿素-ismProcessorcondition（状态，过程）Meta/bolism（改变）新陈代谢Cata/bol/ism(分解)分解代谢-logyThestudyof（学）Sociology【soc】(社会)社会学Urino/logy(尿)尿学Cyto/logy（细胞）细胞学Lymph/oLymph(淋巴)Lympho/cyte(细胞)淋巴细胞Lymph/oma(肿瘤)淋巴瘤Lymph/ology(学)淋巴学Physi/oPhysical(生理的)Physi/ology(学)生理学Physi/cian(特定领域的人)内科医生Physio/therapy（治疗）理疗-plasmFormation,growth,orsubstanceofformation(浆)Cyto/plasm(细胞)细胞浆Proto/plasm（原始）原生质Neo/plasm(新)新生物Psych/oMind(精神)Psycho/logy(学)精神学Psych/osis(不正常)精神不正常第3页Psycho/bi/ology(生物，学)精神生物学-somesBodies（体）Chromo/somes(色)染色体Ribo/some(核酸)核糖体Centro/somes(中心)中心体Thyr/oThyroidgland(甲状腺)Hyper/thyroidism(高)甲亢Hypo/thyroidism(低)甲低Thyroid/itis（…炎症）甲状腺炎-tomyProcessofcutting(切开术)Ana/tomy(分解)解剖Osteo/tomy(骨)切骨术Cardio/tomy(心)心切开术Vascul/oBloodvessel(血管)Vascul/ar（…的）血管的Vascul/itis（炎）血管炎Vasculo/lymphastic(淋巴，…的)血管淋巴的Chapter2DiseaseandDisorders——潘慿整理构词形、前缀、后缀意思术语意思a-,an-not/without（无，缺）a/symptomat/ic（形容词后缀）无症状的an/emia(血症）贫血的a/morph/ous（形状）（形容词后缀）无定型的，非结晶的ana-apart(开，分开）ana/tomy（切开术）解剖ana/lysis（separation/breakdown）分析ana/lyst（yst=ist....家）分析学家angi/oVessels(血管）angio/gram(X光造影照片）血管X光造影照片angio/plasty(...修复术）血管修复术angi/tis（itis；....炎）血管炎anti-Against（抗）anti/body（...体）抗体anti/gen（...原）抗原anti/biotic抗生素的ary-Petainingto（...的）pulmon/ary（肺）肺的urin/ary（泌尿）泌尿的heredit/ary遗传的de-Lackof/down/loss(脱/去/缺）deficiency缺失de/generation（一代）退化de/oxy/ribo/nucle/ic（氧/核糖/脱氧核糖的第4页的）dia-complete/crossthrough（透过；全面；横过；脱离）dia/gnos/is（知识）诊断dia/lysis（separate）透析dia/meter（米）直径electr/oElectricity（电）electro/cardio/graphy（心脏/..计；.....仪）心电图仪，心电描计器electro/myo/gram（肌肉/X光造影照片）肌电图electro/encephalo/gram（大脑）脑电图En-In；within（内）en/dem/ic（人）地方性的enclose闭合engulf吞噬，吞没gnos/oKnowledge（知识）dia/gnos/is（sis=state/condition）诊断a/gnos/tic（无）无知的，不可知论的pro/gnosis（before）预后-gramRecord；X-rayrecord（图；像）electro/cardio/gram（电/心脏）心电图angio/gram（血管）血管造影照片myelo/gram（脊髓）脊髓X光照片-graphinstrumentofrecording（指仪器，图表）chrono/graph（time)记时计spiro/graph（breath）呼吸描记器-graphyProcessofrecording（指记录）radio/graphy（X光）X光照像术tomo/graphy（cut）断层扫描ultra/sono/graphy（beyond/sound）超声波扫描术Hepat/o-Liver（肝）hepat/itis（...炎）肝炎hepato/cyte肝细胞hepato/gastr/ic（胃）肝胃的-itisImflammation（炎症）col/itis（结肠）结肠炎gastr/itis（胃）胃炎enter/itis（intestine）肠炎Mamm/o-Breast(乳房）mammo/graphy（...术）乳房X光造影术mammo/gram（X光造影照片)乳房X光造影照片mammo/plasty（修复术，美容隆胸术第5页术）-meterInstrumentformeasuring（测量器）spiro/meter（呼吸）肺活量计thermo/meter（温度）体温计baro/meter（pressure）气压计-osisAbnormalcondition（病态）scler/osis（hard）硬化tubercul/osis（tuberculum=smallswelling）肺结核psycho/sis精神病-ousPetainingto（.....的）infecti/ous感染的nerv/ous（nerve；神经）神经的mucous粘液的path/oDisease（病）path/ology（....学）病理学patho/meter（测量器）发病率测量器patho/gen（原）病原phag/oeat/swallow（吞）phag/ology（....学）噬菌体学phago/cyto/sis（细胞/状态）吞噬作用-plastySurgicalrepair（外科修复术）angio/plasty（血管）血管修复术osteo/plasty（骨）骨修复术myo/plasty（肌肉）肌整形术Pre-Before（前）pre/gnancy（tobeborn）怀孕pre/dict（talk）预言pre/mature（成熟）早熟pulmon/oLung（肺）pulmon/ary（...的）肺的pulmon/ology（...学）肺学pulmon/itis肺炎radi/oXrayorstudyofredioactiveagents（放射）radi/ology（...学）放射学radi/opaque（shadow）不透射线的radio/active放射性的；有辐射的-scopeInstrumentforviewingorexaming（镜）stetho/scope（胸）听诊器micro/scope（小）显微镜cysto/scope（bladder膀胱）膀胱镜spir/oBreath（呼吸）spiro/meter（测量器）肺活量计re/spir/ation（名词后缀）呼吸spiro/metric（meter的形容词形式）呼吸量测定的steth/oChest（胸）stetho/scope（镜）听诊器steth/algia（痛）胸痛stetho/meter（测量器）胸围扩张测量器-therapyTreatment（疗法）chemo/therapy（化学）化疗radio/therapy放射疗法第6页physio/therapy