分析英文并列结构Thebeginningofdrama

Thebeginningofdrama戏剧的起源PassageSTTTlogicalconnectorsTensesreferenceTherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual.关于古希腊戏剧的起源存在着多种理论。其中一个最普遍为人接受的理论假设认为戏剧从仪式演化而来。【Numerationandprocess】TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.一般现在时Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual.其中一个最普遍为人接受的理论假设认为戏剧从仪式演化而来。Theargumentforthisviewgoesasfollows.Inthebeginning,humanbeingsviewedthenaturalforcesoftheworld-eventheseasonalchanges-asunpredictable,andtheysoughtthroughvariousmeanstocontroltheseunknownandfearedpowers.这个观点是这样进行论证的：一开始，人类把世界上的自然力量，甚至季节的变化都看成是不可预料的。他们试图通过各种方式去控制这些未知的、令人恐惧的力量。【Numerationandprocess】Inthebeginning,humanbeingsviewedthenaturalforcesoftheworld-eventheseasonalchanges-asunpredictable,【Resultandinference】andtheysoughtthroughvariousmeanstocontroltheseunknownandfearedpowers.一般过去式Thosemeasureswhichappearedtobringthedesiredresultswerethenretainedandrepeated那些似乎带来了满意结果的手段就被保留下来并且重复直到这些手段固化为不变的仪式，【Resultandinference】Eventuallystoriesarosewhichexplainedorveiled一般过去式Thosemeasureswhichappearedtobringthedesiredresultswerethenretainedandrepeateduntiltheyhardenedintountiltheyhardenedintofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarosewhichexplainedorveiledthemysteriesoftherites.最后产生了能够解释或者掩盖这些仪式神秘性的故事。themysteriesoftherites.fixedrituals.那些似乎带来了满意结果的手段就被保留下来并且重复直到这些手段固化为不变的仪式，Astimepassedsomeritualswereabandoned,butthestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama.Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.Furthermore,asuitablesitehadtobeprovidedforperformancesandwhentheentirecommunitydidnotparticipate,acleardivisionwasusuallymadebetweentheactingareaandtheauditorium.随着时间的推移，一些仪式被废弃了，但这些后来被称作神话的故事流传下来并且为艺术和戏剧提供了素材。认为戏剧从仪式演化而来的人们还认为那些仪式包含了戏剧的基本因素，因为音乐、舞蹈、面具和服装几乎经常被使用，而且，必须为演出提供一个合适的地点；如果不是整个社区共同参加演出，经常在演出区和观众席之间划分出明显的分界。【Numerationandprocess】Astimepassedsomeritualswereabandoned,【Semanticequationandreplacement】Furthermore,asuitablesitehadtobeprovidedforperformancesandwhentheentirecommunitydidnotparticipate,acleardivisionwasusuallymadebetweentheactingareaandtheauditorium.一般过去式Inaddition,therewereperformers,另外，仪式中还有演员，而且宗教领【Contrast】Inaddition,there一般过去Wearingmasksandcostumes,theyoftenand,sinceconsiderableimportancewasattachedtoavoidingmistakesintheenactmentofrites,religiousleadersusuallyassumedthattask.Wearingmasksandcostumes,theyoftenimpersonatedotherpeople,animals,orsupernaturalbeings,andmimedthedesiredeffect--successinhuntorbattle,thecomingrain,therevivaloftheSun--asanactormight.Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.袖通常承担演出任务，因为在仪式的执行中避免错误的发生被认为有相当大的重要性；他们经常带着面具，穿着服装象演员那样扮演其它人、动物或超自然的生灵，用动作来表演以达到所需要的效果，比如打猎的成功或战斗的胜利、将至的雨、太阳的复活。最后这些戏剧性的表演从宗教活动中分离了出来。wereperformers,【Resultandinference】Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.式impersonatedotherpeople,animals,orsupernaturalbeings,andmimedthedesiredeffect他们经常带着面具，穿着服装象演员那样扮演其它人、动物或超自然的生灵，Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.Accordingtothisviewtales(aboutthehunt,war,orotherfeats)aregraduallyelaborated,atfirstthroughtheuseofimpersonation,action,anddialoguebyanarratorandthenthroughtheassumptionofeachof另一个追溯戏剧起源的理论认为它来自人们对叙述故事的兴趣。根据这个观点，故事(关于狩猎、战争或者其它伟绩)是逐渐丰富起来的。首先通过一个讲解人来运用模仿、表演和对话，然后再由不同的人扮演各自的角色；另一个与之紧密相关的理论将戏剧的起源追溯至舞蹈，这些舞【Contrast】Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.【Numerationandprocess】atfirstthroughtheuseofimpersonation,一般过去式Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.另一个追溯戏剧起源的理论认为它来自人们对叙述故事的兴趣。therolesbyadifferentperson.Acloselyrelatedtheorytracestheatertothosedancesthatareprimarilyrhythmicalandgymnasticorthatareimitationsofanimalmovementsandsounds.蹈大体上是有节奏感的和体操式的那一类，或者是对动物动作和声音的模仿。