北京市农业景观生态与美学质量空间评价

333(,100193)10,,,,.:,,;.,,.1001-9332(2009)10-2455-06Q149ASpatialevaluationonecologicalandaestheticqualityofBeijingagriculturallandscape1PANYing,XIAOHe,YUZhen2rong(CollegeofResourcesandEnvironmentalSciences,ChinaAgricul2turalUniversity,Beijing100193,China).2Chin.J.Appl.Ecol.,2009,20(10):2455-2460.Abstract:Atotaloftensingleindicesmainlyreflectingtheecologicalandaestheticqualityofagri2culturallandscape,includingecosystemfunction,naturalness,opennessanddiversity,contamina2tionprobability,andorderlinesswereselected,theirdifferentweightsweregivenbasedonfieldsur2veyandexpertsystem,andanintegratedevaluationindexsystemofagriculturallandscapequalitywasconstructed.Inthemeantime,thelandusedataprovidedbyGISandtheremotesensingdataofvegetationindexwereusedtoevaluatetheBeijingagriculturallandscapequalityanditsspatialvariation.TherewasagreatspatialvariationintheagriculturallandscapequalityofBeijing,beingworseattheedgesofurbanareaandtowns,butbetterinsuburbs.Theagriculturallandscapequali2tywasmainlyrelatedtotopographyandhumanactivity.Toconstructalarge2scaleintegratedindexsystembasedonremotesensingdataandlandscapeindiceswouldhavesignificanceinevaluatingthespatialvariationofagriculturallandscapequality.Keywords:urbanagriculture;agriculturallandscape;spatialevaluation;remotesensing;geo2graphicinformationsystem.3(2006BAJ10B05,2007BAD87B01).33.E2mail:[e-mail]2009203225,2009208212.,,[1-5].,.,..(OECD),1998[6].10,,,(indicatorsforagriculturallandscape),[7][8-9][10-11]..,.,2009102010ChineseJournalofAppliedEcology,Oct.2009,20(10):2455-2460,[12],.[13],,.[14],:.[15].,[12-16]..,,,.,,,,,.1111(39144110N,1151411715E),,1680718km2,,62%38%.,.,.1121100002006,3,348.200636912,32m,.,.113,,..(normalizeddifferencevegeta2tionindex,NDVI)[17],20064NDVI.[5,18].,.,.,.(edgedensity),(Shannondiversityindex,SH2DI).,,..,..[19],,(1).11411411ENVI414(bandmath),NDVI,:NDVI=(NIR-red)/(NIR+red)(1):NIR;red.11412(enrichment)[20-21].Fi,k,d=nk,d,i/nd,iNk/N(2):Fi,k,d,i,k,,d;nd,ii6542201Fig.1FrameworkoftheintegratedindexofqualityevaluationofBeijingagriculturallandscape.d;nk,d,iid;N;Nk.Fi,k,did.Fi,k,d=1,d;Fi,k,d1,;Fi,k,d1,.3,,AO+VBA,d1,Fi,k,d,.11413Fragstat313:SHDI=-ni=1PilnPi(3):SHDI;Pi;n.AO+VBA,Moore()Moore,Pi.,SHDI,.11414,.PED=Pedge/A(4):PED;Pedge;A.,ArcGIS912(Topology),ArcGIS912(spatialanalyst)(density)(4)PED,.754210:11415,.PAD=Pa/A(5):PAD;Pa.,,.2211,;.,.(quantile)5,.,,,;,,.21111,(2a),,.,,,.,,.,,,.21112NDVI,.2b,NDVI,,.,,,,.211132c,,.,,,;;,,;.,,,,,.,()(2d).211142e,,,.,,(2e).,,.,.,.211152f,,,,.;,,..,.,,,,.212ArcGIS912(Rastercalcu2lator),,11424132.4,1(11422155),2(21562186),3(21873118),4(31194132)(3).,,3,(4).,..,,,.8542202Fig.2EvaluationofBeijingagriculturallandscapeusingsingleindices1a)Enrichmentofforestland;b)NDVI;c)Edgedensityofarableland;d)Diversityoflanduse;e)Areadensityofconstructionland;f)Areadensityofarableland.3Fig.3QualitylevelofBeijingagriculturallandscape.14:Landscapequalitylevel.,.,..,4Fig.4AveragevalueoflandscapequalityofeachdistrictinBeijingCity.,,,,,.3,954210:,.,.,,...,,.,,,.,,.[1]YuZ2R(),HuD2X(),WangJ2W().Landscapeecologicalfunctionsofthefieldboundary.ChineseJournalofEcology(),1998,17(3):53-58(inChinese)[2]ChenL2D(),FuB2J(),ZhangS2R(),etal.Comparativestudyonthedynamicsofnon2pointsourcepollutioninaheterogeneousland2scape.ActaEcologicaSinica(),2002,22(6):808-816(inChinese)[3]WangXH,YinCQ,ShanBQ.Theroleofdiversifiedlandscapebufferstructuresforwaterqualityimprove2mentinanagriculturalwatershed,NorthChina.Agri2culture,EcosystemsandEnvironment,2005,107:381-396[4]MilneRJ,BennettLP.Biodiversityandecologicalvalueofconservationlandsinagriculturallandscapesofsouth2ernOntario,Canada.LandscapeEcology,2007,22:657-670[5]AntropM.Backgroundconceptsforintegratedlandscapeanalysis.Agriculture,EcosystemsandEnvironment,2000,77:17-18[6]OrganisationforEconomicCo2operationandDevelop2ment.Multifunctionality:TowardsAnAnalyticalFrame2work[EB/OL].(2001204201)[2009208203].ht2tp://[7]HawkinsV,SelmanP.Landscapescaleplanning:Ex2ploringalternativelandusescenarios.LandscapeandUrbanPlanning,2002,60:211-224[8]DramstadWE,FryG,FjellstadWJ,etal.Integratinglandscape2basedvalues-Norwegianmonitoringofagri2culturallandscapes.LandscapeandUrbanPlanning,2001,57:257-268[9]DramstadWE,SundliTveitM,FjellstadWJ,etal.Re2lationshipsbetweenvisuallandscapepreferencesandmap2basedindicatorsoflandscapestructure.LandscapeandUrbanPlanning,2006,78:465-474[10]IiyamaN,KamadaM,NakagoshiN.Ecologicalandso2cialevaluationoflandscapeinaruralareawithterracedpaddiesinsouthwesternJapan.LandscapeandUrbanPlanning,2005,73:60-71[11]WiggeringH,DalchowC,GlemnitzM.Indicatorsformultifunctionallanduse-Linkingsocio2economicre2quirementswithlandscapepotentials.EcologicalIndica2tors,2006,6:238-249[12]ZhouX2Q(),ChenL(),ZhangX2L().ProgressofrurallandscaperesearchinChi2na.GeographyandGeo2InformationScience(),2005,21(2):77-81(inChinese)[13]XiaoD2N(),ZhongL2S().Ecologicalprinciplesoflandscapeclassificationandassessment.ChineseJournalofAppliedEcology(),1998,9(2):217-221(inChinese)[14]LiuB2Y(),WangY2C