分析化学复习题

《分析化学》复习题一、单项选择题：在每小题给出的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中，只有一个最佳答案。请将正确选项的字母填在题后的括号内。1、盐酸标准溶液的标定可选用的基准试剂···················································（）A、硼砂B、草酸C、氢氧化钠D、碳酸E、碳酸氢纳2、莫尔法测定的标准液为·········································································（）A、ＮaClB、ＡgNO3C、ＮaBrD、ＮaIE、NaNO33、在实验中测得某数据为36、080,则该数据的有效数字有······························（）A、两位B、五位C、三位D、四位E、无法确定4、酸碱滴定分析中所使用的指示剂通常是···················································（）A、氧化剂B、还原剂C、两性氧化物D、有机的弱酸碱E、盐类5、下列提法不正确的是············································································（）A、精密度高，准确度不一定高B、精密度高，准确度就高C、精密度差，准确度不大可能D、准确度高，精密度肯定高E、无法表述6、下列计算正确的是···············································································（）A、4、12+5、225=9、345B、4、115+5、22=9、335C、4、12+5、225=9、34D、4、115+5、220=9、34E、4、115+5、220=9、37、曙红指示剂属于··················································································（）A、吸附指示剂B、金属指示剂C、酸碱指示剂D、自身指示剂E、铁铵钒指示剂8、直接碘量法可根据（）确定滴定终点·····················································（）A、红色出现B、蓝色消失C、蓝色的出现D、红色消失E、紫色出现9、氢标准电极电位E*2H+/H2值为·······························································（）A、＞0B、＜0C、=0D、无法确定E、=1、010、哪种化学式是EDFA与金属能形成稳定配合物·········································（）A、H6Y2+B、H4YC、H2Y2-D、Y4-E、HY3-11、在氧化还原滴定中还原剂是·································································（）A、给出电子B、化合价为零C、得到电子D、不得失电子E、12、标定高锰酸钾标准溶液的基准试剂可用··················································（）A、草酸B、苯甲酸C、碳酸D、盐酸E、甲酸13、酸碱溶液浓度愈小，突跃范围（），可供选择的指示剂愈少························（）A、愈大B、愈小C、保持不变D、无法测定E、先大后小14、滴定分析中，当滴定剂与被测物质完全作用时，反应达到了·······················（）A、中和点B、化学计量点C、计量点D、滴定终点E、平衡点15、ＫＭnＯ4法滴定无色或浅色溶液时（）指示剂·········································（）A、不需加B、需加C、加酚酞D、加溴甲酚绿E、加甲基红16、将滴定液从滴定管中滴加到被测物质溶液中的操作过程称为·······················（）A、标定B、滴定C、确定D、认定E、指定17、借助于氧化还原反应将化学能转变为电能的装置称为································（）A、原电池B、电解池C、电感应D、热效应E、电磁效应18、KMnO4法测定时调节溶液酸度应采用····················································（）A、盐酸B、醋酸C、硝酸D、硫酸E、氢硫酸19、指示剂与金属离子形成更稳定的络合物而不能被EDTA置换，这种现象称为·（）A、指示剂失效B、指示剂变质C、指示剂僵化D、指示剂封闭E、指示剂增效20、在配位滴定中，酸度愈高，平衡向左移动,[Y4-]······································（）A、愈大B、不变C、愈小D、等于0E、不等于021、配制标准溶液时一定使用的是························································（）A、蒸馏水B、自来水C、纯净水D、矿泉水E、软水22、酸碱滴定的反应实质是·······································································（）A、2H++Zn=H2+Zn2+B、OH-+H+=H2OC、Ag++Cl-=AgClD、2NaCl+ZnSO4=Na2SO4+ZnCl2E、上述反应均可以23、酸碱指示剂的理论变色点····································································（）A、pH＜7B、pH＞7C、pH＝pKHInD、pH=0E、pH=724、铬黑Ｔ最适宜的pＨ值范围为·······························································（）A、２~4、5B、７~10C、９~11D、12~14、5E、1~1425、符合配位滴定分析条件是····································································（）A、lgＫ稳３B、lgK稳３C、lgK稳８D、lgK稳８E、lgK稳８26、质量分析中的全部数据都是由（）得来的。··········································（）A、滴定液B、托盘天平称量C、移液管D、吸量管E、分析天平称量27、化还原△φ值愈大，反应过程中电子得失愈多，lgK值·····························（）A、越小B、等于0C、大于0D、小于0E、越大28、为排除Al3+的干扰可加掩蔽剂······························································（）A、二乙醇胺B、一乙醇胺C、三乙醇胺D、乙醇E、乙二醇29、MnO4－在强酸性液中与还原剂反应的产物，一般是···································（）A、Mn2＋B、MnO42－C、MnO2D、以上都不是E、Mn30、共轭酸碱对的Ka和Kb的关系是···························································（）A、Ka=KbB、KaKb=1C、KaKb=KwD、Ka/Kb=1E、Ka=Kb=Kw31、标定HCl溶液时，基准物质Na2CO3在长时间称量中吸潮，属于（）误差·····（）A、方法误差B、仪器误差C、试剂误差D、操作误差E、随机误差32、按酸碱质子理论下列物质中是两性的为··················································（）A、NaOHB、H2SO4C、NaClD、OH-E、HPO42-33、测定值真实值时说明分析结果····························································（）A、准确B、偏高C、偏低D、零值E、无法确定34、测定某样品的含量时，溶解时需加入25ml蒸馏水,该25ml蒸馏水必需用()量取·····（）A、容量瓶B、移液管C、滴管D、均可以E、量筒35、使用分析天平称样时由于地震而引起天平的零点突然变动，会引起产生········（）A、系统误差B、偏差C、偶然误差D、差值E、平均误差36、ＥＤＴＡ与金属离子形成配合物的摩尔比为············································（）A、１：2B、2：１C、１：3D、3：１E、１：137、氯化钡中结晶水的测定可采用······························································（）A、配位滴定法B、高锰酸钾法C、酸碱滴定法D、挥发法E、银量法38、在溶剂萃取法中多次萃取可提高萃取率,但实际工作中,一般要求D············（）A、＞10B、＜10C、=10D、=0E、无法确定39、在下列样品分析步骤中，能消除样品中干扰物质的是································（）A、样品采集与保存B、样品预处理C、样品的分析、测定D、数据处理E、混合、分离40、准确度常用的表示方法是····································································（）A、平均偏差B、随机误差C、相对误差D、相对平均偏差E、绝对偏差41、硫代硫酸钠标准溶液的标定常可选用的基准试剂······································（）A、重铬酸钾B、草酸C、氢氧化钠D、碳酸E、碳酸氢纳42、直接碘量法测定是的标准液应为···························································（）A、ＡgNO3标准液B、I2标准液C、ＮaBr标准液D、Ｎa2S2O3标准液E、KMnO4标准液43、在实验中测得某数据为0、080，则该数据的有效数字有····························（）A、无法确定B、五位C、三位D、四位E、两位44、铬黑T指示剂属于·············································································（）A、吸附指示剂B、金属指示剂C、酸碱指示剂D、自身指示剂E、铁铵钒指示剂45、间接碘量法可根据（）确定滴定终点·····················································（）A、红色出现B、蓝色消色C、蓝色的出现D、红色消失E、紫色出现46、在氧化还原滴定中氧化剂是·································································（）A、给出电子B、化合价为零C、得到电子D、不得失电子E、得失电子均可以47、标定EDTA标准溶液的基准物质常可用··················································（）A、ZnOB、苯甲酸C、碳酸D、盐酸E、甲酸48、酸碱溶液浓度愈大，突跃范围（），可供选择的指示剂愈多························（）A、愈大B、愈小C、保持不变D、无法测定E、先大后小49、滴定分析中，把指示剂变色而停止滴定的这一点，称为······