初一英语期末考试考点(2012级)

初一英语学习笔记（第一学期期末）-1-1一、代词:代词种类一（单）二（单）三（单男）三（单女）三（单物）一（复）二（复）三（复）人称代词主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey人称代词宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs反身代词myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves动词和介词后接人称代词宾格。主格作主语；宾格作宾语（动词和介词）；名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词二、1.数词：基onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineten序firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtenth基eleventwelvethirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteen序eleventhtwelfththirteenthfourteenthfifteenthsixteenthseventeentheighteenthnineteenth基twentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninety序twentieththirtiethfortiethfiftiethsixtiethseventietheightiethninetieth2.数词的应用：3thousandstudents;thousandsofstudents3hundredstudents;hundredsofstudents时间表达法：时间范围例子顺读法逆读法整点12:0012o’clock0分钟303:25threetwenty-fivetwentyfivepastthree3:15threefifteenaquarterpastthree分钟=303:30threethirtyhalfpastthree30分钟603:40threefortytwentytofour3:45threeforty-fiveaquartertofour年龄表达法：1.Heistwelveyearsold.=Heistwelve.=Heisatwelve-year-oldboy.Theboyiseightyearsold.=Heiseight.=Heisaneight-year-oldboy.2.attheageof在……岁的时候HebegantolearnEnglishattheageoffive.数量的表达：1.许多、大量初一英语学习笔记（第一学期期末）-2-2lotsof/alotof+可数名词复数和不可数名词many+可数名词复数much+不可数名词三、冠词:1.不定冠词（a;an）auniversityaEuropeanwolfanAmericangirlanAfricanelephantanAustraliankangarooanideaagoodideaanEnglishcarausefulbook2.定冠词（the）:表示特指。Thereisabirdinthetree.Thebirdisred.thesun/themoon/theearththefirstlessonplaythepiano/playtheguitartheold（老年人）/theyoung（年轻人）theGreatWall/theUSAtheGreenfamily=theGreens格林一家人inthemorning/intheafternoon/intheevening3.不用冠词的情况专有名词、抽象名词和物质名词前不用冠词AmericawaterJapanesehavebreakfast/havelunch/havedinner/havesupperplayfootball/playbasketball/playvolleyball/playtabletennisbybus/bybike/bytrain/byplane四、名词1.单数变复数：babyfamilyboymonkeysheepdeerfishtomatopotatoherophotofoottoothzookangarooleafknifewifewolfshelfAmericanGermanAustralianEnglishmanFrenchmanChinesemousechildmanmanteacherwomanwomandoctor2.名词所有格：①.Jim’sroom②.JimandTom’sroom③.Jim’sandTom’srooms④.Children’sDay儿童节⑤.Women’sDay妇女节⑥.Teachers’Day教师节⑦.aphotoofmyfriend’s⑧.aphotoofmine3.可数名词和不可数名词的量化：①.数量（≥2）+可数名词的复数②.数量（≥2）+量词（bags/boxes/baskets）of+可数名词的复数③.数量（≥2）+量词（pieces/boxes/bags/bottles/bowls/cups）of+不可数名词④.some/any+可数名词复数/不可数名词初一英语学习笔记（第一学期期末）-3-3⑤.many+可数名词复数；much+不可数名词⑥.可数名词复数表示一类（apples）；不可数名词表示一类(Milkishealthyfood.)五、时态：时态意义标志词肯定句否定句一般疑问句一般现在时1.表示现在的状态。now,often,always,never,sometimes,usually;seldom;every(day,morning…);onceaweek,onSunday,atweekends主语+be(am,isare)…主语+be+not+…Be+主语…..2.表示经常性和习惯性的动作主语+动词原形主语+don’t+动词原形Do+主语+动词原形？主语（三）+动词的第三人称单数主语+doesn’t+动词原形Does+主语+动词原形？现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作now,atthemoment;rightnowLook!Listen!;It’sseveno’clock.主语+Be(am,is,are)+V-ing主语+be(am,is,are)not+V-ingBe(am,is,are)+主语+doing?动词的变化形式：1.第三人称单数：①.teach②.catch③.watch④.search⑤.study⑥.stay⑦.play⑧.say2.现在分词：①.wait②.eat③.see④.get⑤.sit⑥.run⑦.plan⑧.cut⑨.swim⑩.shop⑪.stop⑫.begin⑬.forget⑭.happen⑮.lie⑯.tie⑰.die注意事项：①.有be动词，将be动词提前构成一般疑问句，在be动词后加not构成否定句，没有be动词借助于助动词do或does,构成一般疑问句和否定句。②.否定句或一般疑问句变回到肯定句，要将be动词还原；有助动词的去掉助动词，谓语动词根据主语变回到适当形式。③.划线提问频度副词用疑问词:Howoften.六、动词不定式:动词不定式肯定：todo(to为不定式符号，无意义)否定：nottodo省略to的动词不定式：do(动词原形)作主语：(用It做形式宾语，真正的主语放在句后)①.ItisimportantforustolearnEnglish.初一英语学习笔记（第一学期期末）-4-4②.Itiskindofyoutohelpme.③.TolearnEnglishisimportant.④.It’sagoodideatogotothepark.⑤.It’sgreattohearfromyou.作宾语：①.wanttodosth.想做某事②.wouldliketodosth.想要做某事③.liketodosth.(likedoingsth.)喜欢做某事④.plantodosth.计划做某事作宾语补足语：①.wantsb.todosth.想让某人做某事Iwantyoutohelpme.②.wouldlikesb.todosth.Wouldyouliketohelpme?③.asksb.todosth.要求某人做某事TheteacherasksmetolistentoEnglisheveryday.④.tellsb.todosth.告诉某人做某事Theteachertellsustodohomeworkatschool.⑤.invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事Heinvitesmetowatchfootballwithhim.⑥.helpsb.todosth.帮助某人做某事(helpsb.dosth.)HeoftenhelpsmetolearnEnglish.⑦.letsbdosth.Let’sgohome.Letmehelpyou.⑧.watchsb.dosth.看到某人做某事（动作完成）Ioftenwatchhissisterplayfootballoverthere.⑨.watchsb.doingsth.看到某人正在做某事（动作在进行）Iwatchagirlplayingfootballovertherenow.其他用法：1.usesth.todosth.用…做…Heusesthecomputertodohomework.2.Ihavelotsofhomeworktodo.3.MyjobistolearnEnglish.4.I’mgladtomeetyou.七、动名词：（-ing）作主语：①.Swimmingismyfavouritesport.②.Swimmingandrunningaremyfavouritesport.③.Eatinglotsofvegetablesisgoodforourhealth.作宾语：①.finishdoingsth.完成做某事Ifinishdoingmyhomework.②.practicedoingsth.练习做某事IoftenpracticespeakingEnglish.③.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事Doyouenjoylisteningtomusic?④.bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事HeisbusylearningEnglish.⑤.Whataboutdoingsth.?(Howaboutdoingsth…?)⑥.thanksb.fordoingsth.因为某事谢谢某人Thankyouforhelpingme.初一英语学习笔记（第一学期期末）-5-5⑦.spend+(时间、金钱)+(in)doingsth.花（时间或金钱）做某事Ispend2hoursdoingmyhomework.我花了2小时做作业。Ispend200yuanbuyingtheskirt.我花了200元买这条裙子。八、双宾语：givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.Hegivesmeapen.=Hegivesapentome.sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.Hesendsmeanemail.=Hesendsanemailtome.teachsb.sth.=teachsth.tosb.HeteachesmeEnglish.=HeteachesEnglishtome.passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.Hepassesmeacupoftea.=Hepassesacupofteatome.buysb.sth.=buysth.forsb.Mymotherbuysmeabook.=Mymotherb