初中英语句型转换详解及试题

不少单项填空题干是由学生并不那么熟悉的句式构成的，这无形中增加了试题的难度。要答好这类试题，就必须设法将复杂的、不常见的句式还原成简单的、常见的句式，以便快速地把握句子结构，理解题目意思。还原的方法归纳起来主要有以下几种：1.将疑问句还原成陈述句；2.将感叹句还原成陈述句；3.将倒装语序还原成正常语序；4.将省略句还原成完整的句子；5.将强调句式还原成一般句式；6.将被动语态还原成主动语态；7.将复合句还原成简单句。试做下列各题：1.Isthisfactory_______youvisitedtheotherday?A.theoneB.thatC.whereD.when2.Whodidtheteacher_______thearticle?A.havewrittenB.havewriteC.hadwrittenD.haswriting3.Is______youwanttosay?A.thatallB.allthatC.allwhatD.what4.Wasit___sheheardwithherears__reallymadeherfrightened?A.what;thatB.because;thatC.that;whichD.what;/5.HowpleasedtheEmperorwas______whatthecheatssaid!A.hearingB.heardC.hearD.tohear6._______whatthesixblindmensaidsounded!A.HowfoolishlyB.HowfoolishC.WhatfoolishlyD.Whatfoolish7.Toallofyou_______honourforthesuccess.A.belongstoB.belongtoC.belongsD.belong8.Hereisanotebook,inwhich_______thenamesofthevisitors.A.writeB.writtenC.werewrittenD.waswritten9.Never_________shepraised______whatshedid.A.did;forB.did;ofC.was;forD.was;of10.Johnplaysfootball_______,ifnotbetterthan,David.A.aswellB.aswellasC.sowellD.sowellas11.Couldyougiveusthereasonwhyyoudidn'tdoas______?A.weretoldB.tobetoldC.toldtoD.told12.Itwas_____theoldclockthattheoldmanspentthewholemorningathome.A.repairedB.repairingC.torepairD.inrepair13.ItwasduringtheLiberationWar______hedied.A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.when14.Wasit_______yesterdayevening_______youmethim?A.on;thatB.on;whenC.until;thatD.notuntil;that15.Thestudentsare______tohandintheexercisesbeforeclass.A.wishedB.hopedC.agreedD.promised16.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered______thefirstcomputer.A.toinventB.tohaveinventedC.inventingD.havinginvented17.Hislosteyesightwas_____byhiseversharpeningsenseofhearing.A.madeupforB.madeupofC.madeuseofD.madeof18.Theblackboardwaswiped______.A.cleanB.cleanedC.cleanlyD.tobecleaned19.Thecar________shewastravelingwaslate.A.whichB.bywhichC.onwhichD.inwhich20.Isthisthewatchyouwishto_______?A.repairitB.haverepaireditC.haveitrepairedD.haverepaired21.Wouldyoupleasepointoutthemistakesinmycomposition,if________?A.anyB.noneC.someD.anything22.Is_______hesaiditworthbelieving?A.allwhatB.whatC.itD.that23.Whomwouldyouratherhave_________withyouthistime?A.togoB.goC.goneD.going24.---__________youdid?---No,asamatteroffact,Ididn'tneedto.A.ThatiswhatB.WhatisthatC.IsthatwhatD.Iswhatthat25.________everythinghehadtakenawayfromhim?A.WasB.ShouldC.DidD.Had26.Haseverything________canbedone__________?A.what;doneB.that;beendoneC.that;alreadydoneD.what;alreadybeendone27.Isthistheschool_______youvisitedsomeforeignersafewmonthsago?A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.where28.Wherewas________thetrafficaccidenthappenedlastnight?A.itthatB.itC.theplacethatD.theplace29.Whoseeyes________itthathesawinthedarkness?A.wasB.wereC.isD.are30.Itwas______theneighbourssawcatchthethief.A.himthatB.hethatC.saidthatD.where31.Alongthepathsstoodsomesigns,________waswritten/!KeepOffTheGrass!/A.onwhichB.inwhichC.whichD.that32.Ratherthan________onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers_______abicycle.A.ride;rideB.riding;rideC.ride;torideD.toride;riding33.Theywanttoseehowcivilized(驯化)theanimalcan______.A.experienceB.changeC.developD.become34.________itsnow,thecropswouldgrowbetter.A.wereB.WeretoC.ShouldD.Would35.TheboyIconsidered________cheatedintheexam.A.beinghonestB.tobehonestC.washonestD.thatishonest36.Did_________ontimemakeherteacherangry?A.nottocomeB.hernottocomeC.hernotcomingD.nothercoming[附]强调1.英语中表示强调的有强调句型Itis...,that...;Itwas...that....强调句型只有两个时态，即Itis和Itwas,后跟被强调部分，然后用that....被强调的是句子的主语，宾语和状语。状语可以是副词，介词短语或从句。如果被强调的是人，可以用who.例句：A．Itwasinthemorningthatheoftenwenttoseehisfriend.B.ItisIwhoamyourclosecomrade-in-arms.C.Whatisitthatyouwantmetodo?2.强调用法，只用于肯定句中，用do,does或did加动词原形。A．Dobehereontime.(千万要准时来呀。)B．Thefamilydidsendhimtoschool.C.Hedoesknowallaboutit.3.在否定句中，如果表示强调，多在句尾加atall.例如：A．Iknownothingaboutitatall.B.Hedidn'tdohishomeworkatall.4.当遇到not...until...这一句型变成强调句型时，一定要用：Itis(was)notuntil...that....例句：A．ItwsnotuntilyesterdaythatIknewhewscoming.(Ididn'tknowhewascominguntilyesterday.)B.ItwasnotuntilIgrewupthathetoldmeallaboutit.(Hedidn'ttellmeanythingaboutituntilIgrewup.)C.Itisnotuntilsixo'clockthathewillgotoschool.(Hewont'gotoschooluntilsixo'clock.)答案及简析：1.A。乍看题干，很可能会有学生将thisfactory当作先行词而误选B或C，但若将题干还原成陈述句，便会清楚地发现句中缺少表语，四个选项中唯有A项可以当表语。2.选B。因助动词did后须接动词原形，首先可将C、D排除；再将题干还原成陈述句，这时可发现句中有have+复合宾语这一结构，而theteacher与write之间系主谓关系，故A也应排除。3.选A。将题干还原成陈述句后可知，that充当主语，先行词all以及后面的定语从句作表语。4.选A。只要将题干还原成陈述句，便可发现这是一个强调结构，即答案应在A、B之间，根据句子结构和意义较易排除B。5.选D。答题时，肯定会有学生因动词was而选A或B，但若将题干还原成：TheEmperorwaspleased______whatthecheatshadsaid.这一陈述句，便会发现句中有bepleasedtodo这样一个句型，动词不定式在此充当原因状语。6.选B。将题干还原成陈述句后即可清楚地发现空格处充当的是表语。7.选C。答题时，有的学生会误将allofyou当作主语而选B或D，但若将题干由倒装语序还原成正常语序：Thehonourforthesuccess_______toallofyou.就会发现主语实为抽象名词thehonour,故谓语应用单数。8.选C。从句系倒装语序，主语实际上是thenames...。9.选C。正常语序是Shewasneverpraisedforwhatshedid。10.选B。题干中的插入语部分明显有省略现象，这无形中增加了学生答题的困难，困难之一是搞不清David是主语还是呼语。但若将省略的部分补回，使题干成为这样一个完整的句子：Johnplaysfootball_____DaviddoesifJohndoesnotplaybetterthatDaviddoes.便不难看出David系主语，即答案在B、D之间，而D项通常用于否定句，应予排除。11.选C。as从句系一省略结构，补全后为:asyouweretoldtodo,题干中省略了从句的主语和系动词（不可只省一者），还省略了不定式（