电子称课程设计

河南城建学院河南城建学院微机原理与接口技术课程设计报告题目：电子称设计姓名：李勇浩学号：094413120专业班级：0944131指导老师：董燕飞张洛花所在院系：电气与信息工程学院2015年12月22日一、评语（根据学生答辩情况及其报告质量综合评定）。二、评分指导教师签字：年月日河南城建学院本科设计摘要现代社会的发展，对称重技术提出了更高的要求。目前，台式电子秤在商业贸易中的使用已相当普遍，但存在较大的局限性：体积大、成本高、需要工频交流电源供应、携带不便、应用场所受到制约。现有的便携秤为杆秤或弹簧压缩、拉伸变形来实现计量的弹簧秤，居民用户使用的是国家已经明令淘汰的杆秤。多年来，人们一直期待测量准确、携带方便、价格低廉的智能电子秤投放市场。本文设计了一种智能电子秤，论述了仪器的工作原理，介绍了仪器的误差来源于误差分配，给出了仪器电路设计与软件流程。智能电子秤主要由电源、称重传感器、A/D转换器、单片机、键盘/开关、LCD显示器等部分组成。主要技术指标为：称量范围0～15kg；分度值为0.005kg；精度等级Ⅲ级。仪器主要功能有自检、去皮、计价、单价设定、过载报警等。仪器若不进行称量操作，5分钟后自动进入休眠模式，降低电源消耗。智能电子秤体积小、计量准确、携带方便、操作简单、称量速度快，并集质量称量功能与价格计算功能于一体，能够满足商业贸易和居民家庭的使用需求，具有广阔的应用前景。关键词：智能电子秤，称重传感器，A/D转换器，8051单片机，误差分析,软件设计河南城建学院本科课程设计AbstractThedevelopmentofthemodernsocietyhasputforwardhigherrequestonweighingtechnology.Currently,thedesk-topelectronicscaleshavebeengreatapplicationincommercialtrade,buttheyhavemanyshortcomingssuchaslargevolume,highcost,notinconveniencetocarryandACsupplypower,sotheyarerestrictedtouse.Theusualportablescalesareleverscaleswhicharemostlyusedbyresidentsandspringbalancewhichmeasurethroughcompressionordrawingofspring.Theyarebeingrejectedfortheirbigmeasuringerrors.PeoplehavebeenexpectingcheapIntelligenceelectronicscaleswhichcanmeasureaccuratelyandbecarriedconvenientlyformanyyears.Thistextdesignsakindofintelligenceelectronicscales.Itdiscussestheinstrumentalworkingprinciple,andintroducesitserrorsourcesandhowtodistributetheerror.Giveinstrumentelectriccircuitdesignandsoftwareprocess.Intelligenceelectronicscalesconsistofpower,andweighstospreadthemachine,A/Dconversion,keyboard/switch,listslice,LCDetc.Itstechnicalindictorsinclude:Measuringrangefrom0to15kg;Centdegreeis0.005kg;Ⅲprecision.Theinstrumentpossessesmanyintelligencefunctions,suchasshelling,overloadalarm,unitpriceenactment,accumulationcomputation,self-calibratingandsoon.Forloweringpowersupplytoconsume,itcangetinto“sleep”automaticallyiftheinstrumentisnotmeasuringfor5minutes.Theintelligenceelectronicscalescanmeasuremassrapidlyandaccuratelyandcommunicatevalue.Furthermore,itissmall,simplystructured,easytooperateandconvenienttocarry.Theinstrumentisabletomeettheneedsofcommercialtradeandresidents,soitsapplicationhasabrightfuture.Keyword:Intelligenceelectronicscales，Weightospreadafeelingmachine，A/Dconversion，micro-controller8051，Errormarginanalysis，Softwaredesign河南城建学院本科课程设计目录1系统总体方案设计.................................................................................................................12硬件电路设计及芯片简介.....................................................................................................32.1单片机的选型..................................................................................................................32.2A/D转换器介绍...............................................................................................................42.3键盘输入...........................................................................................................................52.4输出显示...........................................................................................................................63单元电路设计.........................................................................................................................73.1主控电路的设计...............................................................................................................73.2信号处理电路...................................................................................................................73.3键盘输入控制电路...........................................................................................................93.4LCD显示电路.................................................................................................................103.5报警电路的设计.............................................................................................................134软件仿真...............................................................................................................................144.1初始化程序设计流程图.................................................................................................144.2主程序设计流程图.........................................................................................................144.3信号采样与A/D转换子程序的设计............................................................................164.4键盘/显示子程序设计...................................................................................................175课程设计体会........................................................................................................................18参考文献...................................................................................................................................19附1：元器件清单....................................................................................................................20附2：总原理图........................................................................................................................21附3：源程序代码....................................................................................................................22河南