初中英语语法-倒装句和虚拟语气讲解和练习

1倒装句讲解和练习英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序,另一种谓语在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序，按“主语+谓语”这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。如果排列顺序变为“谓语（或谓语一部分）+主语”，就是倒装。倒装句分为：一、部分倒装就是把谓语中的be动词、助动词或情态动词置于主语前面。常见于下列几种情况：(一).only所修饰的副词，介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，要用：only+状语+be/助动词/情态动词+主语及其他OnlywhenhetoldmethenewsdidIknowwhathadhappened.OnlyinthiswaycanyoumakeprogressinyourEnglish.注意：only修饰主语时，不需要倒装。1.Onlyinthisway________tomakeimprovementintheoperatingsystem.A.youcanhopeB.youdidhopeC.canyouhopeD.didyouhope(二).含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时。如：never,little,seldom,not,notonly,notuntil,nosooner(…than),hardly(…when),rarely,scarcely,innoway等。Weseldomgetupatfourinthemorning.=Seldomdowegetupatfourinthemorning.Notasinglewordfromhimcouldtheenemydrag.RarelyhaveIheardofsuchasillything.(1)hardly…when;scarcely…when…;nosooner…than…可以用正常语序hadhardlydonewhen…did或用倒装句式Hardlyhad+主语+donewhen…did句式。hardly所在的句子用过去完成时。Thebellhardlyhadrungwhentheclassbegan.=Hardlyhadthebellrungwhentheclassbegan.NosoonerhadhearrivedinBeijingthanhebegantowork.(2)notonly…butalso如连接两个成分时，不用倒装；连接句子时，前面的句子要用倒装。Notonlywaseverythingthathehadtakenawayfromhim,butalsohisGermancitizenship.Notonlyishebusy,butalsoIhavealotofworktodo.NotonlydoeshespeakEnglishverywell,butalsohespeaksFrenchwell.2．IfinallygottheworkIdreamedabout.Neverinallmylife________sohappy!A.didIfeelB.IfeltC.IhadfeltD.hadIfelt3．NotuntilIbegantowork________howmuchtimeIhadwasted.2A.didn'tIrealizeB.didIrealizeC.Ididn'trealizeD.Irealized4．Nosooner___thanitbegantorainheavily.A.thegamebeganB.hasthegamebegunC.didthegamebeginD.hadthegamebegun(三).在so…that,such…that句型中，若把so,such引导的结构放在句首时。Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.5．Sodifficult_____ittoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountrythatIwasdeterminedtolearnEnglishwell.A.I'vefeltBhaveIfeltC.IdidfeelD.didIfeel(四).省略了if的虚拟条件句中，把were,had或should放在句首时。IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakethejob.=WereIyou,Iwouldtakethejob.6．________itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittoYangpuBridge.A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will(五).把副词so放在句首，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或物。IlikereadingEnglish,sodoeshe.(六).把neither,nor放在句首，表示前面的否定内容也适用于另一个人或物。Ifyouwon'tgo,neitherwillI.7.-Idon'tthinkIcanwalkanyfurther.-________,let'sstophereforarest.A.NeitherandIB.NeithercanIC.Idon'tthinksoD.Ithinkso七)用于形容词/副词/名词/动词+as(though)引导的让步状语从句中。注意：当表语为名词时，则名词前不加任何冠词；主谓并不倒装。Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.Childasheis,heknowsalot.8．________,Ihaveneverseenanyonewho'sascapableasJohn.A.AslongasIhavetraveledB.NowthatIhavetraveledsomuchC.MuchasIhavetraveledD.AsIhavetraveledsomuch(八).由however,nomatterhow引导的让步状语从句中，把however+形容词/副词，nomatterhow+形容词/副词放在句首时。9．________,motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.A.HoweverlateisheB.HoweverheislateC.HoweverishelateD.Howeverlateheis3二、全部倒装就是把整个谓语部分放在主语之前。注意：谓语动词的数要与后面的主语保持一致。常见于几种情况：(一).用于地点副词here,there,方位副词out,in,up,down及时间副词now,then等开头的句子里，以示强调。Theregoesthebell.Look!Heretheycome.这种倒装要求：主语必须是名词。主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变。Hereitis.Awayhewent.这类倒装句式一般只用一般现在时和一般过去时。Herecomesthebus.Outrushedtheboys.(二).当表示地点的介词短语放句首时。注意：谓语多为be,lie,sit,stand,come,walk等不及物动词；倒装时不需要助动词。Underthetablearethreewhitecats.Infrontofthetowerflewsastream.10．Underabigtree________,halfasleep.A.didsatafatmanB.afatmansatC.didafatmansatD.satafatman(三)there放在句首时，要用倒装句式。在“there+be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be,而用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词。如：live,stand,come,lie,flow,enter,rise和appear等。Therecameshoutsforhelpfromtheriver.Thereliesalargewheatfieldinfrontofthehouse.Manyyearsagotherelivedanoldmaninthewoodenhouse.(四).表语置于句首时，倒装结构为表语+系动词+主语。(1)形容词+系动词+主语PresentatthemeetingwasMr.Green,aheadmaster.(2)过去分词+系动词+主语Hiddenbehindthedoorweresomenaughtychildren.GoneforeverarethedayswhentheChinesepeoplehadtouseforeignoil.(3)介词短语+系动词+主语Infrontoftheplaygroundisanewly-builthouse.(五).有时由于主语较长，谓语很短，为保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时。Theyarrivedatahouse,infrontofwhichsatanoldman.(六).在一些表示祝愿的句子里。4LonglivetheCommunistPartyofChina!Mayyouallbehappy.答案1—5CDBDD6—10BBCDD中考复习倒装句专项练习1．---Peter,IwillvisitourteacherthisSunday.\----_______.Let’sgotogether.A.NordoIB.IwilldoC.SowillID.SocanI2．—I’mnotgoingswimmingtomorrowafternoon.—________.Ihavetocleanupmybedroom.A.SoamIB.NeitheramIC.NeitherIamD.SoIam3．Onlywhentheworkisdone________beabletogobackhome.A.youhaveB.youwillC.willyouD.haveyou4．----Wouldyouliketogototheamusementpark?----IfJackdoes,__________.A.Igo,tooB.sowillIC.neitherwillID.sodoI5．Ican’tplaythepiano,and_______.A.neithercanmysisterB.mysistercan’t,tooC.socan’tmysisterD.canmysister,either6．Attention,please!There_________abasketballgamebetweenourclassandClass5.A.hasB.isgoingtobeC.willhaveD.isgoingtohave7．There________somejuiceandsomecakesonthetable.A.isB.areC.amD.be8．—Allthestudentsareworkinghardnow.—_______.Becauseallofthemwanttogotogoodcolleges.A.SoaretheyB.NeithertheyareC.SotheyareD.Sotheydo9．—MybrotherandIwillgotothelibrarytomorrow.—.Shallwegotogether?A.SodoIB.SoIdoC.SowillID.SoIwill10．－IhaveneverbeentoHawaii.WhataboutMike?－.A.SohasheB.SohedoesC.NeitherhasheD.Neitherhehas11．--MymotherandIwillgotoShanghaithissummer.---______.Shallwegotogether?A.SodoIB.SocanIC.SoamID.SowillI12．Heswamintheriverthissummer.________A.Sodidhe.B.Soshedid.C.Sodidshe13．—Mymotherha