广东省典型区域农业土壤中重金属污染空间差异及原因分析

(Soils),2007,39(3):387~3925106508CuZnNiCrPbCdAsHg57823039.79%PbNiX53CuZnNiCrPbCdAsHg[12][311]“”“”200210410~1511kg0~20cmFig.1Locationofsamplingsites2001-1-2060259151969E-mail:[e-mail]38839100pHCuZnNiCrPbCdAsHg8[7]EXCEL57811810410622122106578pH81pH5.653.64~8.21CuZnNiCrPbCdAsHg1.31~286.008.43~248.002.29~246.00nd~448.002.23~140.200.003~1.230nd~137.800.003~3.394mg/kgCrCuNiCdHgPbZnAs[1213]1CrAs(mg/kg)Table1HeavymetalcontentsinagriculturalsoilsintypicalareasofGuangdongCuZnNiCrPbCdAsHg31.6676.0132.2450.2746.460.16710.170.19431.8344.9235.5057.1124.420.1749.480.2181.318.432.29nd2.230.003nd0.003286.00248.80246.00448.00140.201.230137.803.394122.6074.2026.9061.0026.000.09711.200.065217.0047.3014.4050.5036.000.0568.900.07811.401.021.200.821.791.720.912.9821.861.612.241.001.292.981.142.49%10.030.6922.323.810.0011.071.7313.49121/12/2%GB156181995ndGB15618-199557823039.79%Ni22.32%HgCdCu13.49%11.07%10.03%CrAsZnPb32PbHg6PbHgCdCuZnNiAsCr1165648.28%Ni33.62%Cd18.10%Hg13.79%Cr13.79%1486543.92%Ni19.59%Hg16.22%Cu12.16%Cd7.43%314109338934.71%Ni18.79%Hg12.74%Cu12.42%Cd10.19%3NiPb3CuNiCr5CuNiCrCdPbZnAsHg35015243.43%8PbCr6NiHgCd320.86%18.57%18.28%1224940.16%NiCuHgAsNiCu22.03%21.19%1063028.30%NiCrCuHgNiCr25.47%20.75%Fig.3HeavymetalscontentsinagriculturalsoilsofdifferentregionsCuHg0.550.500.450.400.350.300.250.200.150.100.050(mg/kg)220200180160140120100806040200(mg/kg)CuZnNiCrPbAsCuZnNiCrPbAs(mg/kg)180160140120100806040200CuHg0.500.450.400.350.300.250.200.150.100.050(mg/kg)Fig.2Heavymetalcontentsinagriculturalsoilsofdifferenttypes3903948Pb7CdNiCuCrZn512010%2004GDP16039.46GDP223%35%80%NiCrNiCr2[14-15]NiCrCuZnHg5NiCr(1)[16]Fig.4HeavymetalcontentsinagriculturalsoilsintheDongjiangandXijiangandbeijiangrivervalleysoftheZhujiangRiverDelta0.650.600.550.500.450.400.350.300.250.200.150.100.050CuHg(mg/kg)CuZnNiCrPbAs180160140120100806040200(mg/kg)mg/kgTable2FindingsofthesurveyandbackgroundvaluesofsoilheavymetalsinZhanjiangHg0.0450.104Cd0.0480.057Pb25.3818.89As7.54.4Cr82.8287.13Cu21.2124.8Zn37.6850.4Ni38.8149.813391[17][18-19]158(2)80Hg(1)CrAsCuZnNiPbCdHg39.79%NiPb(2)(3)(4)[1],,,..:,2002[2]LiuYG,ZhangHZ,ZengGM,HuangBR,LiX.HeavymetalaccumulateioninplantsonMnmineTaiLing.Pedosphere,2006,16(1):131136[3]MuellerM.Distributionofcadmiuminthefoodchain(soil-plant-human)ofacadmiumexposedareaandthehealthrisksofthegeneralpopulation.Sci.TotalEnviron.,1994,156:515158[4]YounasM,ShahzadF,AfzalS.AssessmentofCd,Ni,CuandPbpollutioninLahorePakistan.Environ.Int.,1998,24(7):761766[5]MclaughlinMJ,ParkerDR,ClarkeJM.Metalsandmicronu-trients-foodsafetyissues.FieldCropRes.,1999,60:143163[6]TrkdoganMK,KilicelF,KaraK.Heavymetalsinsoil,vegetablesandfruitsintheendemicuppergastrointestinalcancerregionofTurkey.Environ.Toxicol.Pharmacology,2002,13:175179[7],,,,..,2004,13(2):170172[8]..:,2005[9],,..,2005,37(3):295298[10],,,..,2001,33(3):159162[11],,,,..,2005,42(1):149152[12]TylerG,BalsbergPahlssonAM,BengtssonG.Heavy-metalecologyofterrestrialplant,microorganismsandinvertebrates.Areview.WaterAirSoilPollut.,1989,47:189216[13]SauerbeckDR.Plant,elementandsoilpropertiesgoverninguptakeandavailabilitiesofheavymetalsderivedfromsewagesludge.WaterAirSoilPollut.,1991,5758:227237[14],,,..,1999,8(3):161167[15]..(),1998,37:1618[16]..,2004(4):57[17]..,2004(4):7375[18],,,,,,,.:..,2005,14(2):173177[19],,,..,2004,23(6):1172117639239SpatialDistributionandSourcesofHeavyMetalPollutionofAgriculturalSoilsintheTypicalAreasofGuangdongProvince,ChinaYANGGuo-yi,ZHANGTian-bin,WANHong-fu,LUOWei,GAOYuan-xue(GuangdongInstituteofEco-EnvironmentalandSoilSciences,GuangdongKeyLaboratoryofAgro-EnvironmentIntegratedControl,Guangzhou510650,China)Abstract:Asoilsurveywascarriedout,coveringsixregions,oneintheeastpart,oneinthewestpartandfourinthePearlRiverDelta(PRD)forcontentsofheavymetals(Cu,Zn,Ni,Cr,Pb,Cd,AsandHg)inagriculturalsoils.Resultsshowedthat39.79%ofthe578soilsamplescollectedfromthetoplayersoftheagriculturallandintheseregionswerefoundtoexceedthecriteriaforrespectiveheavymetalsofGradeofthenationalstandardforenvironmentquality.NiwasthemostseriousonewhilePbtheleastorstillbelowthecriterion.Orchardsoilsweremorepollutedthanpaddysoilsandvegetablesoils,andthePRDthantheeastandwestofpartsofGuangdong,andtheXijiangandBeijiangRivervalleys(ZhongshanandShunde)thantheDongjiangRivervalley(DongguanandHuizhou)inthePRD.Humanactivities,soilparentmaterialsandwaterqualityweremajorcausesoftheheavymetalpollutionoftheagriculturallandsintheseregions.Keywords:TypicalareasofGuangdongProvince,Agriculturalsoil,Heavymetals,Pollution