全新版大学英语第二版综合教程6第1单元课后练习答案

Unit1Book6TheScientistPre-readingtasks1.WhatarethemysteriesthespeakertalksaboutinJohnNash’scase?2.WhatwonJohnNashtheNobelprizeforEconomicsin1994?3.WhatwasstrangeaboutJohnNashwhenhewasalittleboy?4.Accordingtothespeaker,whatkindofabilitydoesJohnNashhavewhenheisfacedwithamathematicalproblem?1.Twomysteriesofthehumanmind---geniusandmadnessback2.ThepaperthathewrotewhenhewasagraduatestudentinmathematicsatPrinceton.Thepaperbecameapillarofgametheory.In1994itearnedhimaNobelprizeineconomics.back3.Hewasneveradmittedintoany---nobodyeverwantedhimontheirbaseball---softballteambecausehewassototallyun-intosports.back4.Notverylongafterhestartedthinkingaboutaproblem,hewouldhavejustaveryclearvisionofwherethesolutionlay,thoughitmighttakeayearortwotogetthere.backCulturalNotesNobelprizes:annualmonetaryawardsgrantedtoindividualsorinstitutionsforoutstandingcontributionsinthefieldsofphysics,chemistry,physiology(生理学)ormedicine,literature,internationalpeace,andeconomicsciences.TheNobelprizesareinternationallyrecognizedasthemostprestigiousawardsineachofthesefields.TheprizeswereestablishedbySwedishinventorandindustrialistAlfredBernhardNobel,whosetupafundfortheminhiswill.ThefirstNobelprizeswereawardedonDecember10,1901,thefifthanniversaryofNobel’sdeath.Gametheory:mathematicalanalysisofanysituationinvolvingaconflictofinterest,withtheintentofindicatingtheoptimalchoicesthat,undergivenconditions,willleadtoadesiredoutcome.Althoughgametheoryhasrootsinthestudyofsuchwell-knownamusementsascheckers(西洋跳棋),ticktacktoe(井字游戏),andpoker—hencethename—italsoinvolvesmuchmoreseriousconflictsofinterestarisinginsuchfieldsassociology,economics,andpoliticalandmilitaryscience.TextanalysisPartoneParas1-12AbriefsummaryofNash’sachievementsandtheprogressofhisillness.ParttwoParas13-18NashasageniusstudentbeforehewenttoPrincetonPartthreeParas19-27Nash’sbrilliantachievementsPartfourParas28-34Nash’sillnessPartfiveParas35-39NashbeingtakencareofbythevariouspeoplearoundhimPartsixParas40-47Nash’srecoveryfromillnessTextanalysisonP183.Fromthesecondparton,thewriterusessubheadingstoshowreadersthedifferentstagesofNash’slifestorychronologically.TextanalysisonP184.Thisiscalledflashback.ThewriteriswellawarethatwinningaNobelprizeshouldbeagreateventtoanyone.Tomentionitbeforeanythingelsewouldcertainlyattractthereaders’attentionthemomenttheybegintoreadtheessay.VocabularyonP221.sensation2.percapita3.fad4.worship5.revolutionary6.flourish7.haven8.productive9.derive10.applaudsEx.2onP22-P231.HeischairingaseminarinFineHall.2.Ageneratorchangesmechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergy.3.Rivalriesbetweencompetingfootballteams.4.hewasplayingthemelodyfromarecentfilmonhisviolin.5.Iknowhimbysightbuthaveneveractuallyspokentohim.Ex.3onP231.isinvokedwhereithelpsthesesocialworkersachievetheirobjectiveandignoredwhereitdoesnot.2.reallyworthyofthehighrespectinwhichtheyareheld.3.camealivewhenthedirectorannouncedthatallstaffmemberswillhaveachancetovisittheShanghaiExpo.4.dieddown,thecityseemedtocomealiveagain,butwithlessofitsusualhustleandbustle5.thestorieshisuncletoldhimaboutthebeautifulnaturalsceneryandwildanimalsofAfrica,Danielisitchingtogotothere.Ex.4onP241.woundup;worthyto;therecognition2.playeda(cruel)trickon;anabyssdepressive;scribbling3.notoriousfor;ononelevel;onanotherlevelEx.5onP24-P26Ex.OnP251.workon2.workout3.workat4.workoff5.workout6.workupEx.OnP267.standby8.standsfor9.standout10.standupII.WordswithmultiplemeaningsonP261.inagivenperiodoftime2.GiventheextentofculturaldiversityintheUnitedStates3.theneedsofanygivencustomer4.evenifheissometimesgiventodrinkingrathermorethanheshould5.giventhatscientistsarestillunabletoperfectlycontroltheresultsofgeneticchangesClozeAonP271.singledout2.playatrick3.abyss4.hospitalized5.delusions6.intensified7.scribbling8.vacant9.loyal10.miraculous11.awkward12.diedownClozeBonP27-P281.widely2.explain3.test4.activities5.grouped6.distinct7.difference8.motivated9.curiosity10.recognitionTranslation在得到加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校的研究生奖学金后，玛丽对人类行为各个方面的研究的兴趣变得更加浓厚起来。HavingbeengrantedafellowshipattheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley,Mary’sinterestinresearchonalldimensionsofhumanbehaviorhascomealive.她渴望尽早完成计划中的各项试验。Sheisnowitchingtocarryoutthevariousexperimentsshehasplannedassoonaspossible.目前，她特别想搞清楚优雅的举止在商业谈判中具有何种举足轻重的分量。Atpresentsheisparticularlykeenonfindingouthowimportantarolegracefulmannercanplayinbusinessnegotiations.她希望她的研究结果能够通过媒体广为流传，以便从事商业谈判的人们能够从她的研究中受益。Shedreamsthatherfindingswillbecirculatedwidelythroughthehelpofthemediasothatpeopleengagedinbusinessnegotiationswillbenefitfromthem.