人教版八年级英语下册1-5单元知识梳理

八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇Unit1Willpeoplehaverobots?1.fewerpeople更少的人（fewer修饰名词复数，表示否定）2.lessfreetime更少的空闲时间（less修饰不可数名词，表示否定）3.intenyears10年后（in的时间短语用于将来时，提问用Howsoon）4.fallinlovewith…爱上…5.livealone单独居住feellonely感到孤独6.Thegirlwalkedalonealongthestreet,butshedidn’tfeellonely那女孩独自沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独7.keep/feedapetpig养一头宠物猪8.flytothemoon飞上月球9.hundredsof+复数数百/几百（概数，类似还有thousandsof;millionsof）10.thesameas和……相同11.AbedifferentfromBA与B不同(=Thereisadifference/TherearedifferencesbetweenAandB)12.wakeup醒来（wakesb.up表示“唤醒某人”）13.getbored变得厌倦（get/become是连系动词，后跟形容词如tired/angry/excited等）14.goskating去滑冰（类似还有gohiking/fishing/skating/bikeriding等）15.lotsof/alotof许多（修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以）16.attheweekends在周末17.studyathomeoncomputers在家通过电脑学习18.agreewithsb.同意某人(的意见)Idon’tagree.=Idisagree.19.onvacation度假helpsbwithsth/helpsbdosth20.differentkindsofgoldfish许多不同种金鱼21.liveinanapartment住在公寓里liveonthetwelfthfloor住在12楼22.liveatNO.332,ShanghaiStreet住在上海路332号23.asareporter作为一名记者looksmart显得精神/看起来聪明24.Areyoukidding?你在骗我吗inthefuture在将来/在未来25.nomore=not…anymore不再（强调多次发生的动作不再发生）26.nolonger=not…anylonger不再（强调状态不再发生）27.besides（除…之外还，包括）except=but（除…之外，不包括）28.beableto与can能、会（beableto用于各种时态，而can只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中；haveto用于各种时态，而must只能用于一般现在时态）例如：aIhavebeenableto/willbeabletospeaktwolanguages.（不可以用can）bhadtostayathome/willhaveto（不可以用must）bebigandcrowded大而且拥挤beincollege在上大学29.liveonaspacestation住在空间站30.dresscasually穿得很随意casualclothing休闲服饰31.winthenextWorldCup赢得世界杯32.cometrue变成现实takehundredsofyears花几百年的时间33.befuntowatch看起来有趣overandoveragain一次又一次34.beindifferentshapes形状不同twentyyearsfromnow今后20年本单元目标句型：1.Whatdoyouthinklifewillbelikein1000years?2.Therewillbefewertrees、morebuildingsandlesspollutioninthefuture.fewer；less表示否定之意，分别修饰可数名词和不可数名词；more二者都可以修饰。3.Willkidsgotoschool?No,theywon’t/Yes,theywill。4.Predictingthefuturecanbedifficult.5.Ineedtolooksmartformyjobinterview.6.Iwillbeabletodressmorecasually.7.IthinkI’llgotoHongKongonvacation,andonedayImightevenvisitAustralia.8.Whatwillteenagersdoforfuntwentyyearsfromnow?9.Thatmaynotseempossiblenow,butcomputers,spacerocketsandevenelectrictoothbrushesseemedimpossibleahundredyearsago.本单元语法讲解一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。本时态标志词：1.含tomorrow;next短语；2.in+段时间；3.howsoon；4.by+将来时间；5.祈使句句型中：or/andsb.willdo例：Bequick,oryouwillbelate=Ifyoudon’tbequick,youwillbelate7.在时间/条件状语从句中,如果从句用一般现在时,主句用将来时8.anotherday比较begoingto与will:begoingto含有“计划，准备”的意思，而will则没有这个意思，如：Sheisgoingtolendusherbook.Hewillbehereinhalfanhour.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用begoingto,而多用will,如：Ifanybeastscomesatyou,I'llstaywithyouandhelpyou.Unit2WhatshouldIdo?1.tooloud太大声outofstyle过时的instyle流行的2.callsbup=ringsb.up=call/ring/phonesb.给…..打电话3.enoughmoney足够的钱(enough修饰名词时不必后置)4.busyenough够忙(enough修饰形容词或副词时必须后置)5.aticketto/foraballgame一张球赛的门票注意：thekeytothelock/thekey(answer)rtothequestion)/thesolutiontotheproblem.此处几个短语不能用of表示所有格6.talkabout谈论onthephone用电话7.payfor付款8.spend…on+sth.=spend...(in)doingsth.在…花钱9.Ittakessb.sometime/moneytodosth.某人做某事花…的时间/金钱10.borrow…from从….借(借进来)lend…to把…借给（借出去）11.Youcankeepthebookforaweek你可以借这本书一周。（不用borrow或lend）12.buysthforsb为……买东西13.tellsbtodo/nottodosth.sth告诉某人（不）做某事14.wantsb.todosth.=wouldlikesb.todo想某人做某事15.findout发现；查清楚；弄明白16.failthetest=notpassthetest考试不及格17.failin(doing)sth…在...上失败,变弱succeedin(doing)sth在...方面成功18.writesbaletter/writetosb.给某人写信19.surprisesb.使某人吃惊（类似有：surprise/interest/please/amaze+某人）20.toone’ssurprise使某人吃惊的是…..21.lookforapart-timejob找一份兼职的工作（不一定有结果）22.get/findapart-timejob找到一份兼职的工作（有结果）23.asksb.for…寻求/向某人要某物haveabakesale卖烧烤24.arguewithsb=haveanargumentwithsb.与某人争吵25.haveafightwithsb.=fightwith与某人打架26.dropoff离去；散去；逐渐减少;死去27.preparefor…=getreadyfor…为…做准备28.after-schoolclubs(activities)课外俱乐部（活动）be/getusedtodoing习惯做某事usedtodo过去经常/常常做某事beusedfordoing=beusedtodosth.被用于做某事29.fill…up填补；装满…befullof装满30.returnsth.tosb.=givesth.backtosb.把某物归还给某人31.geton/alongwellwith与…相处很好allkindsof各种各样32.asmuchaspossible=asmuchasyoucan尽可能多33.takepartin=joinin参加（某种活动/集会）34.abit=alittle一点儿（当修饰形容词或比较级时）35.abitof=alittle一点儿/一些（当修饰不可数名词时）36.beangrywith…生…的气37.ontheonehand一方面ontheotherhand另一方面38.Ifind/feel/thinkitdifficulttodo...我发现/感到/认为做某事很难.39.see/hear/watchsb.doingsth.看到/听见/注视某人正在做…40.not…until直到…才（谓语动词一般是非延续动词）41.表示某人情绪有关的形容词用法:be/become+upset/tired/excited/interested/worried/surprised/amazed/annoyed说明：当主语是某人时，注意后面的形容词一般是-ed结尾的单词，而当主语是某物时或修饰名词时，注意后面形容词一般是-ing结尾单词.）例如:IwassurprisedwhenIheardthesurprisingnews.42beoriginal新颖的43leavesomethingsomewhere把某物忘在某处45.thesameageas=asoldas和---年龄一样58.thetiredchildren疲惫不堪的孩子.complainabout(doingsth)抱怨、、、60.taketheirchildrenfromactivitytoactivity带着孩子参加一个接一个的活动61.trytodosth,尽量干某事trydoingsth试着干某事62.beundertoomuchpressure压力太大63.amotherofthree三个孩子的妈妈64.takepartinafter-schoolclubs参加课后俱乐部65.compepitionstartsfromaveryyoungage竞争从很小年纪就开始了66.compare…with和---比较67.organizedactivities有组织的活动本单元目标句型：1.What’swrong(withyou)?/What’sthematter?WhatshouldIdo?我该怎么办2.Youcouldwritehimaletter.你可以给他写封信.Youshouldsaysorrytohim.你应该给他道歉.3.Theyshouldn’targue.他们不应该争吵.4.Whydon’tyoutalktohimaboutit?=Whynottalktohimaboutit?=Youshould/couldtalktohimaboutit.=What/Howabouttalkingtohima