人教新课标知识点总复习选修八Unit3Inventorsandinventions

嘉兴英语教学网
核心单词1.distinguishvi.&vt.显示¡­¡­的差别；使¡­¡­有所不同；辨别（常与from,between连用）；区别；区分Icandistinguishthematadistance.从远处我就能认出他们。Themandistinguisheshimselfbyhiswisdom.这个人因他的才智而扬名。常用结构：distinguishAfromB辨别A与Bbedistinguishedfrom不同于¡­¡­bedistinguishedby以¡­¡­为特征bedistinguishedfor因¡­¡­而著称distinguishoneself使出众；使著名高手过招(1)单项填空Itisnoteasytoculturedpearlsfromgenuinepearls.（2010¡¤01¡¤河南郑州检测）A.distinguishB.separateC.identifyD.recognize(1)解析：选A。考查词语辨析。distinguish...from辨别，把¡­¡­和¡­¡­区别开；separate...from把¡­¡­隔开；identify辨别；recognize认出，这两个词后面都不跟from。(2)完成句子（原创）①Canyoudistinguish(中间)thosetwoobjects?②Childrenshouldbetaughtto(分辨是非).③Speechhumanbeings(不同于¡­¡­)theanimals.④TheChinesenationis(因¡­¡­而著称)itsdiligenceandcourage.答案：①between②distinguishrightfromwrong③distinguishes;from④distinguishedfor2.convenientadj.便利的，方便的;就近的常用结构：beconvenientto/forsb.对(某人)方便Itisconvenienttodosth.做某事方便Ourhouseisveryconvenientfortheshops.我们的房子离商店很近。联想拓展conveniencen.方便atyourconvenience在你方便的时候ifitsuitsapersonsconvenience如果对某人方便fortheconvenienceofsb.为了某人方便起见嘉兴英语教学网页高手过招(1)单项填空OurnewhouseisveryformeasIcangettotheofficeinfiveminutes.（2010¡¤01¡¤河南洛阳检测）A.AdaptableB.comfortableC.convenientD.available(2)完成句子（原创）Comeandseeme(无论你何时方便).(3)选词填空(convenient/convenience)①Wemustarrangeatimeandplaceforthemeeting.②Ikeepmyreferencebooksnearbydeskfor.(1)解析：选C。由infiveminutes可知，此处应表示¡°便利的，方便的¡±。A项意为¡°能适应的¡±；B项意为¡°舒适的¡±；D项意为¡°可以利用¡±，均不符合句意。(2)wheneveritsconvenienttoyou(3)①convenient②convenience3.bearvt.忍受；具有，带有；显示（标记或特性）；忍耐；负担Theletterbearsnosignature.这封信上没有署名。易混辨析bear/endure/stand/toleratebear强调忍受者对痛苦、忧虑、烦恼以及责任的承受力，常用于否定句中。endure意为¡°经受长期的艰难、困苦或折磨而不屈服¡±，强调持久力和意志坚强，常用于否定句中。stand强调不屈不挠或经受得起，常用于否定句中。温馨提示tolerate意为¡°忍受某人或某种行为而不反抗¡±，语气最弱，可用于肯定句和否定句中。bear表示¡°忍受¡±时其后可跟doingsth.表示习惯性动作，也可跟todosth.表示某一次具体动作，且多与can,could，beableto连用；作¡°生产，生育¡±讲时，有两种过去分词形式：borne指¡°生产，生育¡±，而born指¡°出生¡±。高手过招(1)单项填空Idontthinkourrelationshipcouldthestrainofhermothervisitingforamonth.（2010¡¤01¡¤浙江嘉兴检测）A.bearB.tellC.putupD.hold(2)选词填空(bear/endure/stand/tolerate)（原创）①Ourtentwon¡¯tanotherstormlikethelastone.②Ican¡¯ttowaitanylonger.③Shesalreadyhadtothreepainfuloperationsonherleg.④Iwillnotthatsortofbehaviourinmyclass.(1)解析：选A。bear承受，符合句意；tell区别，告诉；putup举起，张贴；hold持有。(2)①stand②bear③endure④tolerate4.seizevt.抓住；捉住；占据；（指强烈的感情﹑愿望等）突然影响或控制（某人）；夺嘉兴英语教学网她抓住了我的手腕。Panicseizedus.我们惊恐万状。常用结构：seize/holdofsth.抓住某物seizeachance/anopportunity抓住时机seizeon/uponsth.意识到某事物而立即加以利用高手过招完成句子（原创）①Hisfatheraskedhim(抓住时机赚一些钱).②We(身不由己)byasuddenimpulsetorun.③Thecritics(抓住)mymistakeandsaidIwasignorant.答案：①toseizethechancetomakesomemoney②wereseized③seizedon5.expectationn.预料；期待；期望Hehaslittleexpectationofpassingtheexam.他对考试及格不抱希望。Iusuallyenjoyhisfilms,butthelastonedidn¡¯tcometomyexpectations.我向来喜欢看他的电影，但最近的一部并不像我期望的那样好。常用结构：beyondexpectation出乎意料inexpectationof预料，期望，指望againstallexpectation(s)与预期相反，出乎意料comeuptoonesexpectations不负(某人)所望温馨提示expectation为不可数名词，当其意为¡°期望的事物，前景¡±时，常用复数形式。高手过招完成句子（原创）我们在车站等着，期待她的到来。Wewaitedatthestationherarrival.答案：inexpectationof重点短语6.gothrough经历(困难、痛苦等)；通过,成功,成交；审阅,检查；翻找,查看,搜寻；穿过,通过Theplandidntgothrough.计划没通过。Aterriblenoisewentthroughthehouse.一阵可怕的声音响彻整幢房子。联想拓展lookthrough浏览；看破；温习readthrough通读;连续flowthrough流过;流经；通过¡­¡­流动getthrough通过;接通;使¡­¡­成功searchthrough搜寻,查找carrysth.through成功地完成嘉兴英语教学网完成或达成（计划、方案）高手过招单项填空Ihaveneverthiskindofthing,soI¡¯mafraid.（2010¡¤01¡¤浙江绍兴检测）A.lookthroughB.lookedthroughC.gotthroughD.gonethrough解析：选D。根据句意可知，此处应意为¡°经历，经手¡±。故选D。7.callup征召；召集服兵役；唤起；使人回忆；带入心中；给¡­¡­打电话Hecalledmeuptotellmethegoodnews.他打电话给我并告诉我这个好消息。Iwascalledupthreemonthsafterwarbrokeout.战争爆发后的第三个月，我被应征入伍。联想拓展callback召回；回电话；收回处理callon/at拜访(on后跟人；at后跟地点名词)callfor要求;提倡;为¡­¡­叫喊callforth使产生；引起callin召集;召来;来访calloff取消；延期callout出动;唤起;大声叫唤callon...todo号召¡­¡­做高手过招用适当的介词或副词填空（原创）①Thisistheworkthatcallspatience.②HumanRightsgroupsarecallingthereleaseofpoliticalprisoners.③Hehadtocallthemeetingbecauseofthebadweather.④I¡¯llcallhimtomorrow,doyouwanttovisithimwithme?⑤Thecompanyhascalledallsuchmodelsasbuiltin1990.⑥Thegovernmentthencalledtroopstodealwiththedisturbances.⑦Theoldphotocallsmemoriesofmychildhood.答案：①for②for③off④on⑤back⑥in⑦up8.getthrough设法联系上（尤指打通电话）；(设法)做完；通过考试；用光；用完；使成功;使理解;明白Wewerealldelightedwhenweheardyouhadgotthroughtheexam.听到你通过考试时，我们都很高兴。联想拓展getacross通过；使¡­¡­理解getover越过，克服（困难）；从（疾病）¡­¡­恢复过来getthroughwith结束；完成；花光（钱财等）高手过招嘉兴英语教学网¡¯t.Thelinewasbusy.（2010¡¤01¡¤浙江台州检测）gobyB.goaroundC.getinD.getthrough解析：选D。由¡°Thelinewasbusy¡±可知，这里指¡°电话没有接通¡±。goby从旁边经过；goaround走来走去；getin收获；getthrough接通电话，符合句意。9.setaboutsth./doingsth./(todo)(不用于被动语态)开始（某工作）；着手做某事Imustsetaboutmypacking.我得开始收拾行李了。Thenewgovernmentmustsetaboutfindingsolutionstothecountryseconomicproblems.新政府必须立即找出解决国家经济问题的办法。联想拓展setsth.aside将某事物放在一边；节省或保留（钱或时间）setsth.down将某事物记在纸上；写下来setout出发；启程；（怀着目标）开始工作setoff开始（旅行、赛跑等）setsth.off使（炸弹、地雷等）爆炸setto精力充沛地开始做某事setsth.up摆放或竖起某物；创（体育）纪录高手过招用适当的介词填